1. A molecular precursor compound having the empirical formula InbGacZn(OROR)3(b+c)+2, wherein b and c are each independently from 0.01 to 9.99, the sum of b+c is from 0.02 to 10, and each R is independently alkyl or aryl.
2. The compound of claim 1, wherein the R groups are independently selected, for each occurrence, from C(1-6)alkyl groups.
3. The compound of claim 1, wherein the R groups are independently selected, for each occurrence, from ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, t-butyl, isopentyl, 2-methylbutyl, 3-methylbutyl, 2,2-dimethylbutyl, 2,3-dimethylbutyl, 2-methylpentyl, 3-methylpentyl, and 4-methylpentyl.
4. The compound of claim 1, wherein the R groups are independently selected, for each occurrence, from C(2-4)alkyl groups.
5. An ink comprising a molecular precursor compound of claim 1 and one or more solvents.
6. The ink of claim 5, wherein the ink further comprises one or more dopant elements selected from halides, Mg, Y, Ti, Zr, Nb, Cr, Ru, Bi, Sb, and La.
7. A process for making a material, the process comprising:
providing an ink comprising one or more molecular precursor compounds according to claim 1;
depositing the ink on a substrate; and
heating the substrate.
8. The process of claim 7, wherein the ratio of (In+Ga) to Zn in the ink is from 0.02 to 10.
9. The process of claim 7, wherein the heating is at a temperature of from 50\xb0 C. to 500\xb0 C.
10. The process of claim 7, wherein the heating is performed in air having controlled humidity.
11. The process of claim 7, wherein the depositing is done with an ink by printing, inkjet printing, aerosol jet printing, gravure printing, reverse gravure printing, reverse offset gravure printing, stamp printing, transfer printing, pad printing, spray pattern printing, flexographic printing, contact printing, reverse printing, thermal printing, lithography, electrophotographic printing, screen printing, spraying, spray coating, spray deposition, spray pyrolysis, coating, dip coating, wet coating, spin coating, knife coating, roller coating, rod coating, slot die coating, meyerbar coating, lip direct coating, capillary coating, liquid deposition, solution deposition, layer-by-layer deposition, spin casting, and solution casting.
12. The process of claim 7, wherein the substrate is a glass, a ceramic, or a polymer.
13. A material made by the process of claim 7.
14. A thin film transistor comprising the material of claim 13.
15. A process for making a material, the process comprising:
providing an ink comprising dissolving monomer compounds Zn(Q)2, In(Q)3, and Ga(Q)3, wherein Q is \u2014OROR, and wherein each R is independently alkyl or aryl;
depositing the ink on a substrate; and
heating the substrate.
16. The process of claim 15, wherein the ratio of the sum of (In+Ga) to Zn in the ink is from 0.02 to 10.
17. The process of claim 15, wherein the R groups are independently selected, for each occurrence, from C(1-6)alkyl groups.
18. The process of claim 15, wherein the R groups are independently selected, for each occurrence, from ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, t-butyl, isopentyl, 2-methylbutyl, 3-methylbutyl, 2,2-dimethylbutyl, 2,3-dimethylbutyl, 2-methylpentyl, 3-methylpentyl, and 4-methylpentyl.
19. The process of claim 15, wherein the R groups are independently selected, for each occurrence, from C(2-4)alkyl groups.
20. The process of claim 15, wherein the heating is at a temperature of from 50\xb0 C. to 500\xb0 C.
21. The process of claim 15, wherein the heating is performed in air having controlled humidity.
22. The process of claim 15, wherein the ink further comprises one or more dopant elements selected from halides, Mg, Y, Ti, Zr, Nb, Cr, Ru, Bi, Sb, and La.
23. The process of claim 15, wherein the depositing is done with an ink by printing, inkjet printing, aerosol jet printing, gravure printing, reverse gravure printing, reverse offset gravure printing, stamp printing, transfer printing, pad printing, spray pattern printing, flexographic printing, contact printing, reverse printing, thermal printing, lithography, electrophotographic printing, screen printing, spraying, spray coating, spray deposition, spray pyrolysis, coating, dip coating, wet coating, spin coating, knife coating, roller coating, rod coating, slot die coating, meyerbar coating, lip direct coating, capillary coating, liquid deposition, solution deposition, layer-by-layer deposition, spin casting, and solution casting.
24. The process of claim 15, wherein the substrate is a glass, a ceramic, or a polymer.
25. A material made by the process of claim 15.
26. A thin film transistor comprising the material of claim 25.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A tissue product comprising:
a base sheet comprising pulp fibers, the base sheet including a first side and a second and opposite side, the base sheet having been uniformly treated with a hydrophobic additive;
a wetting agent applied to at least one side of the base sheet, the wetting agent having been applied to at least one side of the base sheet in a manner that includes treated areas and untreated areas to provide a tissue sheet having discrete hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions.
2. A tissue product as defined in claim 1, wherein the base sheet has a bulk of at least 2 ccg.
3. A tissue product as defined in claim 1, wherein the base sheet is one ply.
4. A tissue product as defined in claim 1, wherein the base sheet comprises multiple plies.
5. A tissue product as defined in claim 1, wherein the wetting agent has an HLB of from about 7 to about 20.
6. A tissue product as defined in claim 1, wherein the wetting agent comprises a polyhydroxy compound, a non-ionic surfactant, a linear alkoxylated alcohol, a linear alkylphenoxylated alcohol, an olefinic alkoxylate, or a branched chain alkoxylate.
7. A tissue product as defined in claim 1, wherein the wetting agent covers less than about 50 percent of the surface area of at least one side of the base sheet.
8. A tissue product as defined in claim 1, wherein the wetting agent covers less than about 20 percent of the surface area of at least one side of the base sheet.
9. A tissue product as defined in claim 1, wherein the wetting agent is applied to both sides of the base sheet.
10. A tissue product as defined in claim 1, wherein the tissue product has a wet out time of less than about 60 seconds.
11. A tissue product as defined in claim 1, wherein the hydrophobic additive comprises a polysiloxane, the polysiloxane having been applied to the pulp fibers prior to formation of the base sheet.
12. A tissue product as defined in claim 1, wherein the hydrophobic additive is applied to the tissue product as fibers pretreated with the hydrophobic additive.
13. A tissue product as defined in claim 12, wherein the hydrophobic additive comprises a polysiloxane.
14. A tissue product as defined in claim 12, wherein the hydrophobic additive comprises an amino functional polysiloxane.
15. A tissue product as defined in claim 1, wherein the hydrophobic additive comprises an amino functional polysiloxane.
16. A tissue product as defined in claim 1, wherein the hydrophobic additive comprises a polysiloxane and wherein the polysiloxane has been topically applied to the base sheet.
17. A tissue product as defined in claim 16, wherein the polysiloxane has been applied to at least one side of the base sheet in an amount so as to cover at least 60 percent of the surface area of at least one side.
18. A tissue product as defined in claim 1, wherein the hydrophobic additive comprises a polysiloxane and wherein the total amount of polysiloxane in the tissue product is from about 0.03 to about 4 percent by weight of total dry fibers.
19. A tissue product as defined in claim 1, wherein the wetting agent comprises a silicone polyether, an ethoxylated polysiloxane, or a silicone copolyol.
20. A tissue product as defined in claim 1, wherein the tissue product comprises a facial tissue.
21. A tissue product as defined in claim 1, wherein the treated areas and untreated areas form alternating columns on each side of the base sheet.
22. A tissue product as defined in claim 1, wherein the tissue product has a basis weight of from about 6 gsm to about 150 gsm.
23. A process for producing tissue products comprising:
providing a base sheet comprising pulp fibers, the base sheet having a bulk density of at least 2 ccg, the base sheet including a first side and a second and opposite side, the base sheet being uniformly treated with a hydrophobic additive;
applying a wetting agent to at least one side of the base sheet, the wetting agent being applied to at least one side of the base sheet in a manner that includes treated areas and untreated areas.
24. A process as defined in claim 23, wherein the untreated basesheet containing the hydrophobic additive has a wet out time of greater than about 120 seconds.
25. A process as defined in claim 23, wherein the wetting agent has an HLB of from about 7 to about 20.
26. A process as defined in claim 23, wherein the wetting agent comprises a polyhydroxy compound, a non-ionic surfactant, a linear alkoxylated alcohol, a linear alkylphenoxylated alcohol, an olefinic alkoxylate, or a branched chain alkoxylate.
27. A process as defined in claim 23, wherein the wetting agent comprises a silicone polyether, an ethoxylated polysiloxane, or a silicone copolyol.
28. A process as defined in claim 23, wherein the wetting agent is printed onto the base sheet.
29. A process as defined in claim 23, wherein the wetting agent is sprayed onto the base sheet.
30. A process as defined in claim 23, wherein the hydrophobic additive comprises a polysiloxane.
31. A process as defined in claim 30, wherein the polysiloxane comprises an amino functional polysiloxane.
32. A process as defined in claim 30, further comprising the step of forming the base sheet from pulp fibers pretreated with the polysiloxane.
33. A process as defined in claim 30, further comprising the step of topically applying the polysiloxane to the base sheet.
34. A process as defined in claim 23, wherein the wetting agent is applied to at least one side of the base sheet so as to cover less than about 50 percent of the surface area of at least one side.
35. A process as defined in claim 23, wherein the wetting agent is applied to both sides of the base sheet.
36. A process as defined in claim 23, wherein the tissue product treated with the wetting agent has a wet out time of less than about 60 seconds.
37. A process as defined in claim 23, wherein the tissue product treated with the wetting agent has a wet out time of less than about 30 seconds.
38. A process as defined in claim 23, wherein the wetting agent is applied in a pattern that comprises discrete shapes.
39. A process as defined in claim 23, wherein the tissue product has discrete hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions.
40. A process as defined in claim 23, wherein the wetting agent is applied to the base sheet in alternating columns.
41. A tissue product comprising:
a base sheet comprising pulp fibers, the base sheet having a bulk density of at least 2 ccg, the base sheet having been uniformly treated with a hydrophobic additive, the hydrophobic additive comprising a polysiloxane, the base sheet including a first side and a second and opposite side; and
a wetting agent applied to both sides of the base sheet, the wetting agent having been applied to both sides of the base sheet in a manner that includes treated areas and untreated areas to provide a tissue sheet having discrete hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions.
42. A tissue product of claim 41 wherein the untreated basesheet comprising the hydrophobic additive has a wet out time of about 120 seconds or greater.
43. A tissue product of claim 41 wherein the total amount of polysiloxane in the sheet is from about 0.03% to about 4% by weight of the total dry fiber weight.
44. A tissue product of claim 41 wherein the polysiloxane is an amino functional polysiloxane.
45. A tissue product of claim 41 wherein the polysiloxane is applied to the tissue product as pretreated fibers.
46. A tissue product of claim 41 wherein the tissue product is comprised of one ply.
47. A tissue product of claim 41 wherein the tissue product is a multi-ply tissue product.
48. A tissue product as defined in claim 41, wherein the wetting agent has an HLB of from about 7 to about 20.
49. A tissue product as defined in claim 41, wherein the wetting agent comprises a polyhydroxy compound, a non-ionic surfactant, a linear alkoxylated alcohol, a linear alkylphenoxylated alcohol, an olefinic alkoxylate, or a branched chain alkoxylate.
50. A tissue product as defined in claim 41, wherein the wetting agent is applied to each side of the base sheet in a manner that covers less than about 50 percent of the surface area of each side of the base sheet.
51. A tissue product as defined in claim 41, wherein the tissue product has a wet out time of less than about 60 seconds.
52. A tissue product as defined in claim 41, wherein the wetting agent comprises a silicone polyether, an ethoxylated polysiloxane, or a silicone copolyol.
53. A tissue product as defined in claim 41, wherein the tissue product comprises a facial tissue.
54. A tissue product as defined in claim 41, wherein the treated areas and untreated areas form alternating columns on each side of the base sheet.
55. A tissue product as defined in claim 41, wherein the tissue product comprises a paper towel.