1. A paste composition comprising:
(a) a source of electrically conductive metal;
(b) a Ti\u2014Te\u2014Li oxide; and
(c) an organic vehicle in which the source of electrically conductive metal and the Ti\u2014Te\u2014Li oxide are dispersed,
and wherein the titanium, tellurium, and lithium cations together comprise at least 70% of the cations present in the oxide and the minimum content of titanium, tellurium, and lithium cations in the oxide is at least 2, 30, and 18 cation %, respectively, and wherein Bi2O3 is present in the Ti\u2014Te\u2014Li oxide at an amount of 0-10 cation %, and the paste composition is lead free.
2. The paste composition of claim 1, comprising 1.0 to 10 weight % of the Ti\u2014Te\u2014Li oxide.
3. The paste composition of claim 1, wherein Ti, Te, and Li cations comprise 75 to 95 cation percent of the Ti\u2014Te\u2014Li oxide.
4. The paste composition of claim 1, wherein the Ti\u2014Te\u2014Li oxide further incorporates at least one oxide selected from the group consisting of oxides of B, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Al, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Zn, Zr, Nb, Si, Mo, Hf, Ag, Ga, Ge, In, Sn, Sb, Se, Ru, P, Y, La and the other lanthanide elements, and mixtures thereof.
5. The paste composition of claim 1, further comprising any one or more of:
(a) 0.1 to 25 cation % of B2O3;
(b) 0.1 to 25 cation % of ZnO;
(c) 0.1 to 25 cation % of one or more of Na2O, K2O, Cs2O, Rb2O, or a combination thereof.
6. The paste composition of claim 1, wherein the constituents of the Ti\u2014Te\u2014Li oxide are intimately mixed.
7. The paste composition of claim 1, further comprising a discrete oxide additive that is at least one oxide selected from the group consisting of oxides of one or more of B, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Al, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Zn, Zr, Nb, Si, Mo, Hf, Ag, Ga, Ge, In, Sn, Sb, Se, Ru, Bi, P, Y, La and the other lanthanide elements, and mixtures thereof, or a substance that forms such an oxide upon heating.
8. The paste composition of claim 7, wherein the discrete oxide additive comprises 0.01 to 5 wt. % of the paste composition.
9. The paste composition of claim 1, wherein up to 10 anion % of the oxygen anions of the Ti\u2014Te\u2014Li oxide are replaced by halogen anions.
10. The paste composition of claim 9, wherein up to 10 anion % of the oxygen anions are replaced by fluorine anions.
11. The paste composition of claim 1, wherein the electrically conductive metal comprises Ag.
12. The paste composition of claim 1, wherein the titanium, tellurium, and lithium cations together comprise at least 75% of the cations present in the oxide.
13. A process for forming an electrically conductive structure on a substrate, the process comprising:
(a) providing a substrate having a first major surface;
(b) applying the paste composition of claim 1 onto a preselected portion of the first major surface;
(c) firing the substrate and paste composition thereon, whereby the electrically conductive structure is formed on the substrate.
14. The process of claim 13, wherein the substrate comprises an insulating layer present on at least the first major surface and the paste composition is applied onto the insulating layer of the first major surface, and wherein the insulating layer is at least one layer comprised of aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, silicon nitride, SiNx:H, silicon oxide, or silicon oxidetitanium oxide.
15. The process of claim 14, wherein the insulating layer is comprised of silicon nitride or SiNx:H.
16. The process of claim 15, wherein the insulating layer is penetrated and the electrically conductive metal is sintered during the firing, whereby an electrical contact is formed between the electrically conductive metal and the substrate.
17. An article comprising a substrate and an electrically conductive structure thereon, the article having been formed by the process of claim 13.
18. The article of claim 17, wherein the substrate is a silicon wafer.
19. The article of claim 17, wherein the article comprises a semiconductor device.
20. The article of claim 19, wherein the article comprises a photovoltaic cell.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. High burring, high strength, hot-rolled steel sheet excellent in softening resistance of the weld heat affected zone characterized by consisting essentially of,
by wt %,
C: 0.01 to 0.1%,
Si: 0.01 to 2%,
Mn: 0.05 to 3%,
P\u22660.1%,
S\u22660.03%,
Al: 0.005 to 1%,
N: 0.0005 to 0.005%,
Ti: 0.05 to 0.5%, and
Nb: 0.01 to 0.5%
and further containing C, S, N, Ti, Nb, Cr, and Mo in ranges satisfying
0%<C\u2212(1248Ti+1293Nb\u22121214N\u22121232S)\u22660.05%, and
Mo+Cr\u22670.2%, Cr\u22660.5%, and Mo\u22660.5%,
the balance comprising Fe and unavoidable impurities, wherein the microstructure is composed of only bainitic ferrite and bainite,
wherein an effective amount of solid solution C is present in said hot-rolled steel sheet to form carbon clusters or precipitates with Mo and Cr to achieve excellent softening resistance at the weld heat affected zone when welded.
2. High burring, high strength, hot-rolled steel sheet excellent in softening resistance of the weld heat affected zone as set forth in claim 1, characterized by further consisting essentially of, by wt %, one or two of Ca: 0.0005 to 0.002%, a REM: 0.0005 to 0.02%, and B: 0.0002 to 0.002%.
3. High burring, high strength, hot-rolled steel sheet excellent in softening resistance of the weld heat affected zone as set forth in claim 1, characterized by being automotive thin steel sheet coated with zinc.
4. High buffing, high strength, hot-rolled steel sheet excellent in softening resistance of the weld heat affected zone as set forth in claim 1 characterized by consisting essentially of,
by wt %,
C: 0.01 to 0.1%,
Si: 0.01 to 2%,
Mn: 0.05 to 3%,
P\u22660.1%,
S\u22660.03%,
Al: 0.005 to 1%,
N: 0.0005 to 0.005%, and
Ti: 0.05 to 0.5%
Nb: 0.01 to 0.5%
and further containing C, S, N, Ti, Cr, and Mo in ranges satisfying
0%<C\u2212(1248Ti+1293Nb \u22121214N\u22121232S)\u22660.05%, and
Mo+Cr\u22670.2%, Cr\u22660.5%, and Mo\u22660.5%,
the balance comprising Fe and unavoidable impurities, wherein the microstructure is composed of only bainitic ferrite and bainite, wherein the bainitic ferrite structure contained in the hot-rolled steel sheet before welding does not include carbides inside ferrite laths and between ferrite laths other than Ti and Nb carbides.