1. A dispersed composition comprising: (A) titanium black; (B) a polymer compound comprising a constituent component having a side chain structure to which an acidic group is linked via a linking group; and (C) a solvent,
wherein:
the polymer compound (B) is a polymer compound comprising a constituent component represented by the following formula (1-2):
wherein, in formula (1-2), R1 represents an alkyl group, an aryl group, an alkoxy group, an aryloxy group, a heteroaryloxy group, an alkyloxycarbonyl group, an aryloxycarbonyl group, an alkylamide group, an arylamide group, a halogen atom or a nitro group; Q represents a carboxylic acid group; n represents an integer from 0 to 4; m represents an integer from 1 to 5; R2 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group; and Y represents a divalent linking group;
the polymer compound (B) further comprises a graft chain having a polyester structure; and
the number of atoms other than hydrogen atoms per one graft chain is from 40 to 10,000.
2. The dispersed composition according to claim 1, wherein the divalent linking group represented by Y includes a functional group selected from the group consisting of an ester group, an amide group, and a sulfonamide group.
3. The dispersed composition according to claim 1, wherein the dispersed composition is a liquid obtained by dispersing, by a multistage dispersion method, a liquid containing (A) titanium black, (B) the polymer compound, and (C) the solvent.
4. The dispersed composition according to claim 1, wherein the divalent linking group represented by Y is selected from the group consisting of the following (Y-1) to (Y-22):
wherein, in (Y-1) to (Y-22), X represents a binding moiety to the main chain part of the polymer, and Z represents a moiety linked to the partial structure represented by the following formula (2):
wherein in formula (2), * represents a binding moiety to the divalent linking group selected from the group consisting of (Y-1) to (Y-22); R represents an alkyl group, an aryl group, an alkoxy group, an aryloxy group, a heteroaryloxy group, an alkyloxycarbonyl group, an aryloxycarbonyl group, an alkylamide group, an arylamide group, a halogen atom or a nitro group; Q represents a carboxylic acid group; n represents an integer from 0 to 4; and m represents an integer from 1 to 5.
5. The dispersed composition according to claim 4, wherein the divalent linking group represented by Y is Y-1.
6. The dispersed composition according to claim 1, wherein the graft chain comprises at least one structural unit selected from the group consisting of the following formulae (1) and (2):
wherein in formulae (1) and (2), X1 and X2 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group; Y1 and Y2 each independently represents a divalent linking group; Z1 and Z2 each independently represents a monovalent organic group; n represents an integer from 2 to 500, and m represents an integer from 1 to 500.
7. The dispersed composition according to claim 6, wherein Y1 and Y2 in formulae (1) and (2) each independently represents a linking group selected from the group consisting of the following (y-1) to (y-19):
wherein in (y-1) to (y-19), A and B represent a linking group to the main chain and a linking group to the graft chain of formulae (1) and (2), respectively.
8. The dispersed composition according to claim 6, wherein Z1 represents an alkoxy group having 5 to 24 carbon atoms and Z2 represents an alkylcarbonyloxy group having an alkyl moiety having 5 to 24 carbon atoms.
9. A photopolymerizable composition comprising: (A) titanium black; (B\u2032) a polymer compound comprising a constituent component having a side chain structure to which an acidic group is linked via a linking group that provides an adsorptive interaction with (A) the titanium black; (C) a solvent; (D) an oxime photoinitiator; and (E) a polymerizable compound,
wherein the polymer compound (B\u2032) further comprises a graft chain having a polyester structure; and
the number of atoms other than hydrogen atoms per one graft chain is from 40 to 10,000.
10. The photopolymerizable composition according to claim 9, wherein the oxime photoinitiator (D) is selected from the following compounds:
11. A light shielding color filter comprising a support and a colored region, the colored region being formed by applying the photopolymerizable composition according to claim 9 onto the support, and exposing and developing the photopolymerizable composition.
12. A solid-state imaging element comprising the light shielding color filter according to claim 11.
13. A wafer-level lens comprising the light shielding color filter according to claim 11.
14. An imaging unit comprising the wafer-level lens according to claim 13.
15. The photopolymerizable composition according to claim 9, wherein the polymer compound (B) is a polymer compound comprising a constituent component represented by the following formula (1-2):
wherein, in formula (1-2), R1 represents an alkyl group, an aryl group, an alkoxy group, an aryloxy group, a heteroaryloxy group, an alkyloxycarbonyl group, an aryloxycarbonyl group, an alkylamide group, an arylamide group, a halogen atom or a nitro group; Q represents a carboxylic acid group, n represents an integer from 0 to 4; m represents an integer from 1 to 5; R2 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group; and Y represents a divalent linking group.
16. The photopolymerizable composition according to claim 15, wherein the divalent linking group represented by Y includes a functional group selected from the group consisting of an ester group, an amide group, and a sulfonamide group.
17. The photopolymerizable composition according to claim 15, wherein the divalent linking group represented by Y is selected from the group consisting of the following (Y-1) to (Y-22):
wherein, in (Y-1) to (Y-22), X represents a binding moiety to the main chain part of the polymer, and Z represents a moiety linked to the partial structure represented by the following formula (2):
wherein, in formula (2), * represents a binding moiety to the divalent linking group selected from the group consisting of (Y-1) to (Y-22); R represents an alkyl group, an aryl group, an alkoxy group, an aryloxy group, a heteroaryloxy group, an alkyloxycarbonyl group, an aryloxycarbonyl group, an alkylamide group, an arylamide group, a halogen atom or a nitro group; Q represents a carboxylic acid group; n represents an integer from 0 to 4; and m represents an integer from 1 to 5.
18. The photopolymerizable composition according to claim 17, wherein the divalent linking group represented by Y is Y-1.
19. The photopolymerizable composition according to claim 15, wherein the graft chain comprises at least one structural unit selected from the group consisting of the following formulae (1) and (2):
wherein in formulae (1) and (2), X1 and X2 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group; Y1 and Y2 each independently represents a divalent linking group; Z1 and Z2 each independently represents a monovalent organic group; n represents an integer from 2 to 500, and m represents an integer from 1 to 500.
20. The photopolymerizable composition according to claim 19, wherein Y1 and Y2 in formulae (1) and (2) each independently represents a linking group selected from the group consisting of the following (y-1) to (y-19):
wherein, in (y-1) to (y-19), A and B represent a linking group to the main chain and a linking group to the graft chain of formulae (1) and (2), respectively.
21. The photopolymerizable composition according to claim 19, wherein Z1 represents an alkoxy group having 5 to 24 carbon atoms and Z2 represents an alkylcarbonyloxy group having an alkyl moiety having 5 to 24 carbon atoms.
22. The photopolymerizable composition according to claim 9, wherein the polymerizable compound (E) is a compound obtained by adding ethylene oxide or propylene oxide to a polyfunctional alcohol and (meth)acrylating the resultant.
23. The photopolymerizable composition according to claim 9, wherein the polymerizable compound (E) is dipentaerythritol hexa(meth)acrylate.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
We claim:
1. A method for storing XML documents in a relational database system while exploiting XML schema, comprising:
simplifying complex XML Schema types containing attribute and element specifications;
translating said simplified XML Schema types into relational tables; and
storing relations corresponding to each XML element in relational table rows.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein said simplifying step includes substeps, that may be repeatedly applied, of:
grouping all occurrences of a given element type together;
assembling two or more element types into element groups if said XML Schema indicates that elements of said element types will occur a same number of times; and
applying a number of transformation rules to said element groups.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein said transformation rules include forming initial element groups of one element per group.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein said transformation rules include collapsing element groups that occur together in a sequence.
5. The method of claim 2, wherein said transformation rules include collapsing single-element groups.
6. The method of claim 2, wherein said transformation rules include removing all choice constructs.
7. The method of claim 2, wherein said transformation rules include flattening all * constructs, each having zero or more occurrences of an element of said element type.
8. The method of claim 2, wherein said transformation rules include flattening all constructs, each having at most one occurrence of an element of said element type.
9. The method of claim 2, wherein said transformation rules include grouping together all occurrences of at least one of: a same element, a same element list, and a same list of element groups.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein said translating includes substeps of:
constructing a type graph directly from said simplified XML schema using non-string type information describing distinct element names and element types;
building an element graph for each global element in said simplified XML schema from said type graph; and
generating said relational tables from said element graph.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein said type graph includes nodes representing types, and edges having a label and a multiplicity associated therewith describing element occurrences, said label including at least one of: attribute names and element names.
12. The method of claim 10, wherein said building includes determining for each node whether to generate a new node or to share an existing node, enabling a specific element to appear more than once in said element graph, while avoiding a combinatorial explosion in the number of nodes in said element graph when cycles exist in said type graph.
13. The method of claim 10, wherein said building includes:
traversing said type graph depth-first to identify strongly connected components (SCCs) in said type graph, to assign each said SCC a unique ID (SCCID), and to number all nodes in each SCC with said SCCID;
for each global element Gt in said type graph, unmark all nodes in said type graph and call a function GenSubGraph(node Nt) to return a new subgraph rooted at node Ne in said element graph corresponding to node Nt in said type graph.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein said function GenSubGraph(node Nt) includes:
1) marking said node Nt;
2) if said node Nt is a simple type then creating said node Ne;
3) else if said node Nt is a complex type then
a. creating said node Ne;
b. for each attribute of said node Nt, create an attribute node attached to said node Ne;
c. for each subelement St of said node Nt
i. if said subelement St is marked, as a corresponding subelement Se exists, then add a directed edge in said element graph from said node Ne to said subelement Se;
ii. else recursively call said function GenSubGraph(St) to create said subelement Se, then add a directed edge in said element graph from said node Ne to said subelement Se, then if respective SCCIDs of said subelement St and said node Nt differ then unmark all nodes in the SCC of said subelement St that were marked in said recursive call of function GenSubGraph(St); and
d. for each subtype of said node Nt, treat said subtype as a new subelement by repeating execution of said function GenSubGraph(Nt) beginning at step 3)b.
15. The method of claim 10, wherein said generating includes for each node G in said element graph corresponding to a global element, creating a table TG for elements corresponding to said node G and calling a function GenTables(node N, table T) that generates tables for a subgraph rooted at node N.
16. The method of claim 15, wherein said function GenTables(node N, table T) includes: for each direct descendent S of said node N
a. if said descendant S is a simple type or is an attribute, then add a column to said table T corresponding to said descendant S; and
b. else if said descendant S is a complex type then
i. if a table TS exists for said descendant S then add an additional parent ID column (PID) to said table TS for linking child rows in said table TS 8 to corresponding parents in said table T;
ii. else if there is a * multiplicity from said node N to said descendant S, or if said descendant S has multiple parents with identical SCCIDs, or if said descendant S has a recursive edge to itself, then create a new table TS for said descendant S, then add an ID column to said table TS for linking child rows in said table TS to corresponding parents in said table T then recursively call said function GenTables(S, TS);
iii. else recursively call said function GenTable(S, T).
17. The method of claim 10, wherein said translating includes translating derivation by extension by treating subtypes as optional subelements, wherein all extra fields of each said subtype are inlined in the same table as a corresponding parent type if said fields occur more than once or have complex types, with nullable columns indicating the optional nature of the fields of said subtype, and a subtypecode field indicating specific subtypes.
18. The method of claim 10, wherein said translating includes capturing XML constraints that do not span multiple relations in the relational schema via corresponding relational constraints.
19. A system for storing XML documents in a relational database system while exploiting XML schema, comprising:
means for simplifying complex XML Schema types containing attribute and element specifications;
means for translating said simplified XML Schema types into relational tables; and
means for storing relations corresponding to each XML element in relational table rows.
20. A computer program product for storing XML documents in a relational database system while exploiting XML schema, comprising a computer-readable medium tangibly embodying computer-executable code thereon, said code including:
a first code for simplifying complex XML Schema types containing attribute and element specifications; and
a second code for translating said simplified XML Schema types into relational tables; and
a third code for storing relations corresponding to each XML element in relational table rows.