1. A method for detecting and eliminating a surge condition of a compressor in a fuel cell module, said method comprising:
detecting a reverse airflow through the compressor; and
preventing compressor surge in response to the detected reverse airflow.
2. The method according to claim 1 wherein preventing compressor surge includes increasing the speed of the compressor in response to the detected reverse airflow.
3. The method according to claim 1 wherein preventing compressor surge includes opening a back pressure valve in a cathode exhaust line of the fuel cell module in response to the detected reverse airflow.
4. The method according to claim 1 wherein preventing compressor surge includes opening a by-pass valve in a cathode exhaust line of the fuel cell module in response to the detected reverse airflow.
5. The method according to claim 1 wherein detecting a reverse airflow includes detecting a reverse airflow using a bi-directional mass flow meter.
6. The method according to claim 5 wherein the bi-directional mass flow meter detects the flow of air in both a forward and a reverse direction.
7. The method according to claim 5 wherein the mass flow meter is positioned upstream of the compressor and receives the airflow below the compressor.
8. The method according to claim 1 wherein the compressor is a turbomachine compressor.
9. The method according to claim 1 wherein the compressor is selected from the consisting of centrifugal, radial, axial and mixed flow compressors.
10. A method for detecting and eliminating a surge condition of a compressor in a fuel cell system, said method comprising:
providing an airflow from the compressor to a cathode input of the fuel cell system;
measuring the airflow sent to the compressor using a surge detection device in both a forward direction and a reverse direction; and
preventing compressor surge in response to an airflow in the reverse direction through the compressor from the cathode input.
11. The method according to claim 10 wherein preventing compressor surge includes increasing the speed of the compressor in response to the detected reverse airflow.
12. The method according to claim 10 wherein preventing compressor surge includes opening a back pressure valve in a cathode exhaust line of the fuel cell module in response to the detected reverse airflow.
13. The method according to claim 10 wherein preventing compressor surge includes opening a by-pass valve in a cathode exhaust line of the fuel cell module in response to the detected reverse airflow.
14. The method according to claim 10 wherein the surge detection device is a bi-directional mass flow meter.
15. The method according to claim 14 wherein the mass flow meter is positioned upstream of the compressor and receives the airflow below the compressor.
16. The method according to claim 10 wherein the compressor is a turbomachine compressor.
17. The method according to claim 10 wherein the compressor is selected from the consisting of centrifugal, radial, axial and mixed flow compressors.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A formulation for the preparation of a wiping blade element for a vehicle windscreen wiper blade, the formulation comprising:
an elastomer material based on chloroprene rubber in which plasticizing additives are incorporated, wherein
the plasticizing additives comprise a combination of at least a first additive, the pour point of which is less than \u221250\xb0 C., and at least a second additive, the pour point of which is greater than \u221250\xb0 C.
2. The formulation according to claim 1, in which the pour point of the first additive is greater than or equal to \u221260\xb0 C.
3. The formulation according to claim 2, in which the first additive comprises an ester and more preferably a C18-C30 dicarboxylic ester.
4. The formulation according to claim lone of claims 1, in which the pour point of the second additive is less than or equal to \u221230\xb0 C.
5. The formulation according to claim 1, in which the pour point of the second additive is one selected from a group consisting of between \u221240\xb0 C. and 30\xb0 C. and substantially equal to \u221230\xb0 C.
6. The formulation according to claim 5, in which the second additive is a naphthalic oil plasticizer or a C18-C30 tricarboxylic ester.
7. The formulation according to claim 1, in which the amount of the first additive is between 3 and 5 phr (parts by hundred parts of rubber, by weight).
8. The formulation according to claim 7, in which the amount is 4 phr (parts by hundred parts of rubber, by weight).
9. The formulation for the preparation of a wiping blade element according to claim 1, in which the ratio by weight of the first additive to the second additive is between 2 and 3.
10. The formulation according to claim 9, in which the ratio is substantially equal to 2.5.
11. A wiping blade element for a vehicle windscreen wiper blade prepared from a formulation according to claim 1.
12. A vehicle windscreen wiper blade comprising a wiping blade element according to claim 11.
13. A process for the manufacture of a wiping blade element for a vehicle windscreen wiper blade by vulcanization of a formulation according to claim 1.
14. The process according to claim 13, comprising a stage of moulding the wiping blade element.
15. The formulation of claim 3, wherein the C18-C30 dicarboxylic ester is octyl sebacate.