1. A conductive filler comprising non-conductive particles which are coated on their surface with a plating layer of copper, copper alloy, nickel or nickel alloy, which is, in turn, coated with an electroplating layer.
2. The conductive filler of claim 1 wherein the electroplating layer is of gold, gold alloy, silver or silver alloy.
3. The conductive filler of claim 1 wherein the non-conductive particles are selected from the group consisting of silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, zirconia, rare earth oxides, yttrium oxide, mica, diatomaceous earth, sodium silicate glass, polyurethane, polystyrene, polycarbonate, phenolic resin, polyamide, polyimide, silicone resin and epoxy resin.
4. The conductive filler of claim 1 having a resistivity of up to 15 m -cm.
5. A method for preparing the conductive filler of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
forming a plating layer of copper, copper alloy, nickel or nickel alloy on surfaces of non-conductive particles,
feeding and dispersing the coated particles in an electroplating solution, and
effecting electroplating at a cathodic current density of 0.01 to 10 Adm2.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A detector of an item for a filling machine comprising:
a light head connected to the filling machine, the light head including an emitter to emit a target wavelength of infrared light in a range of one of 1300 nm to 1600 nm and 1800 nm to 2200 nm; and
a sensing head positioned on the filling machine in proximity to the light head, the sensing head including a sensor to detect infrared light in the target wavelength, and wherein the item in the filling machine passes between the light head and the sensing head and the item blocks the infrared light emitted from the light head from reaching the sensing head to detect the item.
2. The detector of claim 1, wherein the item is a generally transparent item.
3. The detector of claim 2, wherein the generally transparent item comprises a soft gel.
4. The detector of claim 1, wherein the sensor comprises an InGaAs sensor.
5. The detector of claim 1, wherein the target wavelength is 1450 nm.
6. The detector of claim 1, wherein the target wavelength is 1550 nm.
7. The detector of claim 1, wherein the filling machine comprises a slat filler.
8. The detector of claim 7, wherein the filling machine includes one sensor and emitter per a cavity in the slat filler.
9. The detector of claim 7, wherein each slat of the slat filler includes a plurality cavities and the sensor and the emitter are aligned with the plurality of cavities.
10. The detector of claim 1, wherein the sensing head and the light head are connected as a single unit.
11. A detector for a filling machine comprising:
a sensing head positioned on a the filling machine, the sensing head including a sensor to detect infrared light with a target wavelength, wherein the target wavelength comprises a wavelength greater than 1300 nm; and
a light head positioned in proximity to the sensing head to allow an item to pass between the light head and the sensing head, wherein the light head emits infrared light at the target wavelength and the item blocks the infrared light emitted from the light head from reaching the sensing head to detect the item.
12. The detector of claim 11, wherein the item comprises a generally transparent item.
13. The detector of claim 12, wherein the tablet comprises one of a soft gel and a capsule.
14. The detector of claim 11, wherein the sensor comprises an InGaAs sensor.
15. The detector of claim 11, wherein the filling machine comprises a slat filler.
16. The detector of claim 15, wherein the filling machine includes one sensor and one emitter per a cavity in the slat filler.
17. The detector of claim 11, wherein the target wavelength is 1450 nm.
18. The detector of claim 11, wherein the target wavelength is 1550 nm.