1. A low power supply bandgap current reference comprises:
first P-N junction device;
second P-N junction device, wherein the second P-N junction device is a larger device than the first P-N junction device;
first resistor coupled in parallel with the first P-N junction device;
second resistor coupled in series with the second P-N junction device,
third resistor coupled in parallel with a series combination of the second resistor and the second P-N junction device;
first current source coupled to the first P-N junction device;
second current source coupled to the series combination of the second resistor and the second P-N junction device, wherein the first and second current sources provide substantially similar currents;
operational amplifier operably coupled to control the first and second current sources based on voltages across the first and third resistors; and
current mirror operably coupled to the first or second current source to provide a reference current.
2. The low power supply bandgap current-reference of claim 1, wherein resistance value of the second resistor is scaled with respect to resistance of the third resistor to adjust a slope of current through the second P-N junction device over temperature to be inversely proportional to a slope of current through the first P-N junction device over temperature.
3. The low power supply bandgap current reference of claim 1, wherein the first and third resistors have substantially similar resistances.
4. The low power supply bandgap current reference of claim 1, wherein the first and second P-N junction devices each comprise at least one of: a diode, a bipolar transistor, and a field effect transistor operable to emulate the bipolar transistor.
5. A low power supply bandgap current reference comprises:
first P-N junction device having a first temperature variant active voltage;
second P-N junction device having a second temperature variant active voltage, wherein the second P-N junction device is a larger device than the first P-N junction device;
first current source coupled to the first P-N junction device;
second current source coupled to provide a current to the second P-N junction device, wherein the first and second current sources provide substantially similar currents;
temperature compensation circuit operably coupled to:
convert the first temperature variant active voltage into a first active current;
convert a difference between the first temperature variant active voltage and the second temperature variant active voltage into a second active current;
sum the first and second active currents to produce temperature invariant current; and
control the currents produced by the first and second current sources based on the temperature invariant current; and
current mirror operably coupled to the first or second current source to provide a reference current.
6. The low power supply bandgap current reference of claim 5, wherein the first and second P-N junction devices each comprise at least one of: a diode, a bipolar transistor, and a field effect transistor operable to emulate the bipolar transistor.
7. The low power supply bandgap current reference of claim 5, wherein the first and second current sources each further comprises:
a P-channel field effect transistor.
8. The low power supply bandgap current reference of claim 7, wherein the temperature compensation circuit further functions to control the currents produced by the first and second current sources further comprises:
generating a gate voltage for the P-channel field effect transistor of the first and second current sources based on the temperature invariant current.
9. The low power supply bandgap current reference of claim 5, wherein the temperature compensation circuit further functions to
convert the first temperature variant active voltage into a first active current to represent a slope of current through the first P-N junction device over temperature;
convert a difference between the first temperature variant active voltage and the second temperature variant active voltage into a second active current to represent a slope of current through the second P-N junction device over temperature, wherein the slope of the current through the first P-N junction device over temperature is inversely proportional to the slope of the current through the second P-N junction device.
10. A wireless communication device comprises:
a receiver section that includes:
a low noise amplifier operably coupled to amplify an inbound radio frequency (RF) signal to produce an amplified RF signal;
receiver mixing module operably coupled to mix the amplified RF signal with a receiver local oscillation to produce an inbound low intermediate frequency (IF) signal;
receiver filter module operably coupled to filter the inbound low IF signal to produce a filtered inbound low IF signal; and
an analog to digital converter operably coupled to convert the filtered inbound low IF signal to produce a digital inbound low IF signal;
a transmitter section that includes:
a digital to analog converter operably coupled to convert an outbound digital low IF signal into an outbound analog low 1F signal;
transmitter mixing module operably coupled to mix the outbound analog low IF signal with a transmitter local oscillation to produce an up-converted signal;
transmitter filter module operably coupled to filter the up-converted signal to produce a filtered up-converted signal; and
a power amplifier operably coupled to amplify the filtered up-converted signal to produce a outbound RF signal, wherein at least one of the low noise amplifier, the receiver mixer module, the receiver filter, the analog to digital converter, the digital to analog converter, the transmitter mixing module, the transmitter filter module, and the power amplifier includes a bandgap reference current source that includes:
first P-N junction device;
second P-N junction device, wherein the second P-N junction device is a larger device than the first P-N j unction device;
first current source coupled to the first P-N junction device;
second current source coupled to the second P-N junction device, wherein the first and second current sources provide substantially similar currents;
first resistor coupled in parallel with the first P-N junction device;
second resistor coupled in series with the second P-N junction device, third resistor coupled in parallel with the second resistor and the second P-N junction device;
operational amplifier operably coupled to control the first and second current sources based on voltages across the first and third resistors; and
current mirror operably coupled to the first or second current source to provide a reference current.
11. The wireless communication device of claim 10, wherein resistance value of the second resistor is scaled with respect to resistance of the third resistor to adjust a slope of current through the second P-N junction device over temperature to be inversely proportional to a slope of current through the first P-N junction device over temperature.
12. The wireless communication device of claim 10, wherein the first and third resistors have substantially similar resistances.
13. The wireless communication device of claim 10, wherein the first and second P-N junction devices each comprise at least one of: a diode, a bipolar transistor, and a field effect transistor operable to emulate the bipolar transistor.
14. A wireless communication device comprises:
a receiver section that includes:
a low noise amplifier operably coupled to amplify an inbound radio frequency (RF) signal to produce an amplified RF signal;
receiver mixing module operably coupled to mix the amplified RF signal with a receiver local oscillation to produce an inbound low intermediate frequency (IF) signal;
receiver filter module operably coupled to filter the inbound low IF signal to produce a filtered inbound low IF signal; and
an analog to digital converter operably coupled to convert the filtered inbound low IF signal to produce a digital inbound low IF signal;
a transmitter section that includes:
a digital to analog converter operably coupled to convert an outbound digital low IF signal into an outbound analog low IF signal;
transmitter mixing module operably coupled to mix the outbound analog low IF signal with a transmitter local oscillation to produce an up-converted signal;
transmitter filter module operably coupled to filter the up-converted signal to produce a filtered up-converted signal; and
a power amplifier operably coupled to amplify the filtered up-converted signal to produce a outbound RF signal, wherein at least one of the low noise amplifier, the receiver mixer module, the receiver filter, the analog to digital converter, the digital to analog converter, the transmitter mixing module, the transmitter filter module, and the power amplifier includes a bandgap reference current source that includes:
first P-N junction device having a first temperature variant active voltage;
second P-N junction device having a second temperature variant active voltage, wherein the second P-N junction device is a larger device than the first P-N junction device;
first current source coupled to the first P-N junction device;
second current source coupled to the second P-N junction device, wherein the first and second current sources provide substantially similar currents;
temperature compensation circuit operably coupled to:
convert the first temperature variant active voltage into a first active current;
convert a difference between the first temperature variant active voltage and the second temperature variant active voltage into a second active current;
summing the first and second active currents to produce temperature invariant current; and
control the currents produced by the first and second current sources based on the temperature invariant current; and
current mirror operably coupled to the first or second current source to provide a reference current.
15. The wireless communication device of claim 14, wherein the first and second P-N junction devices each comprise at least one of a diode, a bipolar transistor, and a field effect transistor operable to emulate the bipolar transistor.
16. The wireless communication device of claim 14, wherein the first and second current sources each further comprises:
a P-channel field effect transistor.
17. The wireless communication device of claim 16, wherein the temperature compensation circuit further functions to control the currents produced by the first and second current sources further comprises:
generating a gate voltage for the P-channel field effect transistor of the first and second current sources based on the temperature invariant current.
18. The wireless communication device of claim 14, wherein the temperature compensation circuit further functions to
convert the first temperature variant active voltage into a first active current to represent a slope of current through the first P-N junction device over temperature;
convert a difference between the first temperature variant active voltage and the second temperature variant active voltage into a second active current to represent a slope of current through the second P-N junction device over temperature, wherein the slope of the current through the first P-N junction device over temperature is inversely proportional to the slope of the current through the second P-N junction device.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. An apparatus for inclusion in a node of a wireless network, the apparatus comprising:
a receiver to receive data from a remote node, including an analog-to-digital converter producing samples of signals received at the node from the remote node, said received signals in the form of packets of data;
a demodulator coupled to the receiver to demodulate samples of the signals received at the receiver to produce demodulated signals, the samples at decision points; and
an error vector magnitude calculator coupled to the receiver to determine a measure of the signal quality of the decision point samples of the received signal, such that the EVM measure determined by the EVM calculator can be used to select a data rate for communicating between the node and the remote node.