1. A patient-specific pedicle screw guide that mates with the anatomical features of a particular vertebra, comprising:
a medial body configured to be positioned adjacent a vertebra;
a first elongated wing extending from a first side of the medial body and terminating with a first column, wherein the first column comprises a first lower surfaces that anatomically mates with at least one first contour of the particular vertebra; and
a second elongated wing extending from a second side of the medial body opposite the first side and terminating with a second column, wherein the second column comprises a second lower surface that anatomically mates with at least one second contour of the particular vertebra; and
wherein the first and second lower surfaces are determined from and complementary to the patient’s anatomy.
2. The patient-specific pedicle screw guide according to claim 1 further comprising at least one leg extending from an inferior side of the medial body, wherein the at least one leg comprises a lower surface that anatomically mates with at least one contour of the particular vertebrae.
3. The patient-specific pedicle screw guide according to claim 2, wherein the guide is configured to span multiple vertebrae of the patient.
4. The patient-specific pedicle screw guide according to claim 3, wherein the guide may be coupled to a plurality of additional guides for spanning multiple vertebrae of the patient.
5. The patient-specific pedicle screw guide according to claim 3, wherein the guide is comprised of a plurality of guides that may be arranged in a monolithic or multi-level configuration for spanning multiple vertebrae of the patient.
6. The patient-specific pedicle screw guide according to claim 1, wherein the first and second column define pathways for guiding at least one instrument.
7. The patient-specific pedicle screw guide according to claim 2, wherein the lower surface of the at least one leg anatomically mates with at least one contour of the lamina or inferior articular process of the particular vertebrae.
8. The surgical guide according to claim 2, wherein the lower surfaces of the at least one legs each anatomically mate with at least one contour of the lamina or inferior articular process of one or more vertebrae.
9. The patient-specific pedicle screw guide according to claim 1, further comprising a first and second bore extending longitudinally through the first and second columns.
10. The patient-specific pedicle screw guide according to claim 9 wherein the first and second bores are oriented along pre-determined trajectories for placing one or more implants into the particular vertebrae, and wherein the pre-determined trajectories are determined from the anatomical features of the patient.
11. The surgical guide according to claim 9 wherein the first and second bores are oriented along pre-determined trajectories for inserting one or more implants, and wherein the pre-determined trajectories are determined from the anatomical features of the patient.
12. The surgical guide according to claim 1, wherein the guide is configured to be used on one or more vertebrae of the patient.
13. The surgical guide according to claim 1, wherein the guide may be coupled to a plurality of additional guides for spanning multiple anatomical features associated with the patient.
14. The surgical guide according to claim 1, wherein the guide is comprised of a plurality of guides that may be arranged in a monolithic or multi-level configuration for spanning multiple anatomical features associated with the patient.
15. The surgical guide according to claim 1 wherein the guide is comprised of at least a first section and at least a second section, which are selectively interconnected to one another in a position of use.
16. The surgical guide according to claim 15 wherein the at least a first and second section are selectively interconnected about the medial body of the surgical guide.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. An inline optical amplifier station for an optical transport system, the inline optical amplifier station comprising:
a first optical couplerdecoupler configured to decouple a first bidirectional signal and a first service channel signal from a first fiber span signal;
a second optical couplerdecoupler configured to decouple a first data signal propagating in a first direction from the first bidirectional signal and to combine a second data signal propagating in a second direction with the first bidirectional signal;
a third optical couplerdecoupler configured to decouple a third data signal propagating in the second direction from a second bidirectional signal and to combine a fourth data signal propagating in the first direction with the second bidirectional signal;
a first optical attenuator configured to receive the first data signal from the second optical couplerdecoupler;
a second optical attenuator configured to receive the third data signal from the third optical couplerdecoupler;
a first optical coupler configured to combine the first and third data signals to produce a combined signal;
a first optical amplifier configured to co-directionally amplify the combined signal; and
a first optical decoupler configured to decouple the second and fourth data signals from the combined signal.
2. The inline optical amplifier station of claim 1 wherein the first optical amplifier comprises a multistage amplifier.
3. The inline optical amplifier station of claim 1 wherein the first optical amplifier comprises a first stage and a second stage, and wherein the first stage and the second stage are each configured to co-directionally amplify the combined signal.
4. The inline optical amplifier station of claim 3 further comprising a third optical attenuator connected between the first stage and the second stage.
5. The inline optical amplifier station of claim 3 further comprising a dispersion compensator connected between the first stage and the second stage.
6. The inline optical amplifier station of claim 4 wherein the first, second and third optical attenuators each comprise a variable optical attenuator.
7. The inline optical amplifier station of claim 4 further comprising:
a second optical decoupler connected to the third optical attenuator, wherein the second optical decoupler is configured to decouple a first uncompensated signal and a second uncompensated signal from an output of the third optical attenuator;
a first dispersion compensation module connected to the second optical decoupler, wherein the first dispersion compensation module is configured to compensate for dispersion in the first uncompensated signal to produce a first compensated signal;
a second dispersion compensation module connected to the second optical decoupler, wherein the second dispersion compensation module is configured to compensate for dispersion in the second uncompensated signal to produce a second compensated signal; and
a second optical coupler connected to the first and second dispersion compensation modules, wherein the second optical coupler is configured to combine the first and second compensated signals.
8. The inline optical amplifier station of claim 1 wherein the fourth data signal and the second data signal comprise different wavelengths in two separate bands.
9. The inline optical amplifier station of claim 1 wherein the fourth data signal and the second data signal are interleaved on separate channels.
10. The inline optical amplifier station of claim 1 further comprising a fourth optical couplerdecoupler configured to decouple the second bidirectional signal and a second service channel signal from a second fiber span signal.
11. The inline optical amplifier station of claim 1 further comprising a fourth optical couplerdecoupler connected to the third optical couplerdecoupler, wherein the fourth optical couplerdecoupler is configured to combine the second bidirectional signal with a second service channel signal to produce a second fiber span signal.
12. The inline optical amplifier station of claim 11 wherein the second service channel signal is in a separate wavelength range from the third data signal and the fourth data signal.
13. The inline optical amplifier station of claim 1 wherein the first service channel signal is in a separate wavelength range from the first data signal and the second data signal.
14. The inline optical amplifier station of claim 1 wherein the inline optical amplifier station is configured to receive the first fiber span signal from a first terminal.
15. The inline optical amplifier station of claim 14 wherein the inline optical amplifier station is configured to receive a second fiber span signal from a second terminal.
16. The inline optical amplifier station of claim 1 further comprising an optical element connected between the first optical amplifier and the first optical decoupler, wherein the optical element is configured to operate on the combined signal before the combined signal is decoupled by the first optical decoupler.
17. The inline optical amplifier station of claim 16 wherein the optical element comprises an optical adddrop multiplexer.
18. The inline optical amplifier station of claim 16 wherein the optical element comprises a dynamic gain equalizer.
19. The inline optical amplifier station of claim 16 wherein the optical element comprises a second optical amplifier.
20. The inline optical amplifier station of claim 16 wherein the optical element comprises a dynamic band equalizer and a second optical amplifier.
21. The inline optical amplifier station of claim 16 wherein the optical element comprises an optical adddrop multiplexer and a second optical amplifier.
22. The inline optical amplifier station of claim 1 wherein the first optical attenuator comprises a first variable optical attenuator,
wherein the second optical attenuator comprises a second variable optical attenuator, and
wherein the first variable optical attenuator and the second variable optical attenuator are configured to be adjusted to equalize a power of the first data signal with respect to the third data signal.
23. The inline optical amplifier station of claim 1 wherein the first data signal comprises an unamplified eastbound signal,
wherein the second data signal comprises an amplified westbound signal,
wherein the third data signal comprises an unamplified westbound signal, and
wherein the fourth data signal comprises an amplified eastbound signal.
24. The inline optical amplifier station of claim 1 wherein the first and second optical attenuators each comprise a variable optical attenuator.
25. A method for amplifying an eastbound data signal and a westbound data signal in an optical transport system, the method comprising:
isolating a first bidirectional signal and a first service channel signal from a first fiber span signal;
isolating the eastbound data signal from the first bidirectional signal;
isolating the westbound data signal from a second bidirectional signal;
power matching the eastbound and westbound data signals to produce power-matched signals;
combining the power-matched signals to produce a combined signal; and
co-directionally amplifying the combined signal to produce an amplified signal.
26. The method of claim 25 further comprising compensating for dispersion in the amplified signal.
27. The method of claim 25 further comprising attenuating the amplified signal.
28. The method of claim 25 further comprising:
isolating an amplified eastbound data signal from the amplified signal;
isolating an amplified westbound data signal from the amplified signal;
compensating for dispersion in the amplified eastbound data signal;
compensating for dispersion in the amplified westbound data signal; and
combining the amplified eastbound data signal and the amplified westbound data signal.
29. The method of claim 28 wherein dispersion in the amplified eastbound data signal is compensated independent of the dispersion in the amplified westbound data signal.
30. The method of claim 25 further comprising isolating an amplified eastbound data signal and an amplified westbound data signal from the amplified signal.
31. The method of claim 30 further comprising combining the amplified eastbound data signal with the second bidirectional signal and combining the amplified westbound data signal with the first bidirectional signal.
32. The method of claim 25 further comprising isolating the second bidirectional signal and a second service channel signal from a second fiber span signal.
33. An inline optical amplifier station for an optical transport system, the inline optical amplifier station comprising:
means for isolating a first bidirectional signal and a first service channel signal from a first fiber span signal;
means for isolating an eastbound data signal from the first bidirectional signal;
means for isolating a westbound data signal from a second bidirectional signal;
means for power matching the eastbound and westbound data signals to produce power-matched signals;
means for combining the power-matched signals to produce a combined signal; and
means for co-directionally amplifying the combined signal to produce an amplified signal.
34. The inline optical amplifier station of claim 33 further comprising means for compensating for dispersion in the amplified signal.
35. The inline optical amplifier station of claim 33 further comprising means for attenuating the amplified signal.
36. The inline optical amplifier station of claim 33 further comprising:
means for isolating an amplified eastbound data signal from the amplified signal;
means for isolating an amplified westbound data signal from the amplified signal;
means for compensating for dispersion in the amplified eastbound data signal;
means for compensating for dispersion in the amplified westbound data signal; and
means for combining the amplified eastbound data signal and the amplified westbound data signal.
37. The inline optical amplifier station of claim 36 wherein dispersion in the amplified eastbound data signal is compensated independent of the dispersion in the amplified westbound data signal.
38. The inline optical amplifier station of claim 33 further comprising means for isolating an amplified eastbound data signal and an amplified westbound data signal from the amplified signal.
39. The inline optical amplifier station of claim 38 further comprising means for combining the amplified eastbound data signal with the second bidirectional signal and means for combining the amplified westbound data signal with the first bidirectional signal.
40. The inline optical amplifier station of claim 33 further comprising means for isolating the second bidirectional signal and a second service channel signal from a second fiber span signal.