1. An access node for providing at least two concurrent access services to a mobile node when the mobile node is outside its home domain, the access node comprising:
an inputoutput interface for receiving a remote access message and relaying the remote access message to a home agent; and
a processor coupled with a memory, wherein the processor is configured to
a) generate an authentication and authorization request (AAR) message based on the remote access message;
b) send the AAR message through the inputoutput interface to an authenticationauthorizationaccounting (AAA) proxy server, and
c) implement the at least two concurrent access services for the mobile node based on a return AAR message received from the AAA proxy server.
2. The access node of claim 1 wherein the remote access message comprises at least two profile selectors and a network access identifier (NAI).
3. The access node of claim 2 wherein the network access identifier (NAI) comprises at least one realm part for identifying at least one home service profile server and at least one username part for identifying at least one service profile.
4. The access node of claim 3 wherein the at least one home service profile server is part of a home authenticationauthorizationaccounting (AAA) server, and wherein the AAR message is used by the home AAA server to confirm authentication and authorization.
5. The access node of claim 2 further comprising a state information module residing within the memory, the state information module storing at least two service profiles based on the at least two profile selectors, wherein the at least two service profiles are returned by the return AAR message.
6. The access node of claim 5 wherein the processor is further configured to provide the at least two concurrent access services based on the at least two service profiles.
7. The access node of claim 6 further comprising a nested mobile Internet Protocol (MIP) extension module residing within the memory, wherein the nested MIP extension module stores a plurality of mobile Internet Protocol (MIP) addresses to implement the at least two concurrent access services for the mobile node.
8. The access node of claim 6 wherein the protocol associated with the home agent is one of the following: standard MIP remote access, standard point-to-point tunneling protocol (PPTP) remote access or standard IP security (IPSEC) remote access.
9. The access node of claim 6 wherein one of the at least two concurrent access services utilizes either a code division multiple access (CDMA) technology or an orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) technology.
10. A wireless communication node for providing at least two concurrent access services to a mobile node when the mobile node is outside its home domain, the wireless communication node comprising:
means for receiving a remote access message;
means for relaying the remote access message to a home agent;
means for generating an authentication and authorization request (AAR) message based on the remote access message;
means for sending the AAR message to an authenticationauthorizationaccounting (AAA) proxy server, and
means for implementing the at least two concurrent access services for the mobile node based on a return AAR message received from the AAA proxy server.
11. The wireless communication node of claim 10 wherein the remote access message comprises at least two profile selectors and a network access identifier (NAI).
12. The wireless communication node of claim 11 wherein the network access identifier (NAI) comprises at least one realm part for identifying at least one home service profile server and at least one username part for identifying at least one service profile.
13. The wireless communication node of claim 12 wherein the at least one home service profile server is part of a home authenticationauthorizationaccounting (AAA) server, and wherein the AAR message is used by the home AAA server to confirm authentication and authorization.
14. The wireless communication node of claim 11 further comprising means for storing at least two service profiles based on the at least two profile selectors, wherein the at least two service profiles are used to provide the at least two concurrent access services.
15. The wireless communication node of claim 14 further comprising means for storing a plurality of mobile Internet Protocol (MIP) addresses to implement the at least two concurrent access services.
16. The wireless communication node of claim 15 wherein the protocol associated with the home agent is one of the following: standard MIP remote access, standard point-to-point tunneling protocol (PPTP) remote access or standard IP security (IPSEC) remote access.
17. The wireless communication node of claim 15 wherein one of the at least two concurrent access services utilizes either a code division multiple access (CDMA) technology or an orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) technology.
18. A method for providing at least two concurrent access services to a mobile node when outside its home domain comprising:
relaying a remote access message to a home agent;
generating a first authentication and authorization request (AAR) message based on the remote access message;
sending the first AAR message to an authenticationauthorizationaccounting (AAA) proxy server;
receiving a first return AAR message from the AAA proxy server; and
implementing the at least two concurrent access services for the mobile node based on the first return AAR message.
19. The method of claim 18 further comprising receiving the remote access message wherein the remote access message comprises at least two profile selectors and a first network access identifier (NAI).
20. The method of claim 19 wherein the at least two profile selectors are each either a signaling flag or a message extension.
21. The method of claim 19 wherein the first network access identifier (NAI) comprises a first realm part for identifying a home service profile server and a first username part for identifying a first service profile on the home service profile server.
22. The method of claim 21 wherein the home service profile server is part of a home authenticationauthorizationaccounting (AAA) server.
23. The method of claim 22 wherein the first AAR message is used to confirm authentication and authorization by the home AAA server.
24. The method of claim 23 wherein the home service profile server provides the first service profile, and wherein the first service profile relates to a first of the at least two concurrent access services for the mobile node.
25. The method of claim 24 wherein the first NAI further comprises a second realm part for identifying a service profile server in a third party AAA server.
26. The method of claim 25 wherein the service profile server in the third party AAA server provides a second service profile related to a second of the at least two concurrent access services for the mobile node.
27. The method of claim 26 wherein the at least two concurrent access services include at least one of a remote access service and a local access service.
28. The method of claim 24 wherein the remote access message further comprises a second NAI further comprising a second realm part for identifying a service profile server in a third party AAA server.
29. The method of claim 28 wherein the service profile server in the third party AAA server provides a second service profile related to a second of the at least two concurrent access services for the mobile node.
30. The method of claim 29 wherein the at least two concurrent access services include at least one of a remote access service and a local access service.
31. The method of claim 18 wherein the home agent is either a local home agent or a remote home agent.
32. The method of claim 31 wherein the protocol associated with the home agent is one of the following: standard MIP remote access, standard point-to-point tunneling protocol (PPTP) remote access or standard IF security (IPSEC) remote access.
33. The method of claim 18 wherein the first return AAR message from the AAA proxy server is derived from at least one other AAA server coupled to the AAA proxy server.
34. The method of claim 33 where the at least one other AAA server is a home AAA server.
35. The method of claim 18 wherein one of the at least two concurrent access services utilizes either a code division multiple access (CDMA) technology or an orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) technology.
36. The method of claim 18 further comprising:
generating a second AAR message based on the remote access message;
sending the second AAR message along with the first AAR message to the authenticationauthorizationaccounting (AAA) proxy server;
receiving a second return AAR message along with the first return AAR message from the AAA proxy server; and
implementing at least two concurrent access services for the mobile node based on the first return AAR message and the second return AAR message.
37. The method of claim 36 wherein one of the at least two concurrent access services utilizes either a code division multiple access (CDMA) technology or an orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) technology.
38. A computer-readable medium storing program code thereon, comprising:
program code for relaying a remote access message to a home agent;
program code for generating a first authentication and authorization request (AAR) message based on the remote access message;
program code for sending the first AAR message to an authenticationauthorizationaccounting (AAA) proxy server;
program code for receiving a first return AAR message from the AAA proxy server; and
program code for implementing at least two concurrent access services for a mobile node based on the first return AAR message.
39. The computer-readable medium of claim 38 further comprising program code for receiving the remote access message wherein the remote access message comprises at least two profile selectors and a first network access identifier (NAI).
40. The computer-readable medium of claim 39 wherein the first network access identifier (NAI) comprises a first realm part for identifying a home service profile server and a first username part for identifying a first service profile on the home service profile server.
41. The computer-readable medium of claim 40 wherein the home service profile server is part of a home authenticationauthorizationaccounting (AAA) server.
42. The computer-readable medium of claim 41 wherein the first AAR message is used to confirm authentication and authorization by the home AAA server.
43. The computer-readable medium of claim 42 wherein the home service profile server provides the first service profile, and wherein the first service profile relates to a first of the at least two concurrent access services for the mobile node.
44. The computer-readable medium of claim 43 wherein the first NAI further comprises a second realm part for identifying a service profile server in a third party AAA server.
45. The computer-readable medium of claim 44 wherein the service profile server in the third party AAA server provides a second service profile related to a second of the at least two concurrent access services for the mobile node.
46. The computer-readable medium of claim 43 wherein the remote access message further comprises a second NAI further comprising a second realm part for identifying a service profile server in a third party AAA server.
47. The computer-readable medium of claim 46 wherein the service profile server in the third party AAA server provides a second service profile related to a second of the at least two concurrent access services for the mobile node.
48. The computer-readable medium of claim 38 wherein the protocol associated with the home agent is one of the following: standard MIP remote access, standard point-to-point tunneling protocol (PPTP) remote access or standard IP security (IPSEC) remote access.
49. The computer-readable medium of claim 38 wherein one of the at least two concurrent access services utilizes either a code division multiple access (CDMA) technology or an orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) technology.
50. The computer-readable medium of claim 38 further comprising:
program code for generating a second AAR message based on the remote access message;
program code for sending the second AAR message along with the first AAR message to the authenticationauthorizationaccounting (AAA) proxy server;
program code for receiving a second return AAR message along with the first return AAR message from the AAA proxy server; and
program code for implementing at least two concurrent access services for the mobile node based on the first return AAR message and the second return AAR message.
51. The computer-readable medium of claim 50 wherein one of the at least two concurrent access services utilizes either a code division multiple access (CDMA) technology or an orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) technology.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. An expandable broadhead for attachment to an arrow shaft, comprising:
a ferrule body comprising a nose section and at least one blade recess;
a chisel tip inserted into the nose section of the ferrule body;
a plurality of blades residing at least in part in the at least one blade recess, wherein the plurality of blades can be configured in a retracted configuration or a deployed configuration; and
a shock-absorbing retainer, releasably engaged with the plurality of blades, to retain the blades in the retracted configuration until impact.
2. The expandable broadhead of claim 1, wherein the ferrule body is comprised of a material selected from the group consisting of aluminum, titanium, magnesium, and carbon-fiber reinforced polymer.
3. The expandable broadhead of claim 1, wherein the chisel tip is comprised of a material selected from the group consisting of stainless steels, tool steels, carbides, titanium alloys, tungsten alloys, and tungsten carbides.
4. The expandable broadhead of claim 3, wherein the chisel tip is coated with a material selected from the group consisting of nickel, zinc, cadmium, and black oxide.
5. The expandable broadhead of claim 1, wherein the chisel tip is coated with a friction reducing material selected from the group consisting of a PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene), fluoropolymer, PVD (physical vapor deposition) ceramic type coating and a CVD (chemical vapor deposition) ceramic type coating.
6. The expandable broadhead of claim 1, wherein the shock-absorbing retainer comprises a collar.
7. The expandable broadhead of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of blades comprises a cutting edge, and wherein the cutting edge is exposed in the deployed configuration of the plurality of blades.
8. The expandable broadhead of claim 7, wherein each of the plurality of blades comprises a blunt edge, and wherein the blunt edge is exposed in the retracted configuration of the plurality of blades.
9. The expandable broadhead of claim 1, wherein the chisel tip is multi-faceted.
10. The expandable broadhead of claim 9, wherein the number of facets of the chisel tip is a multiple of the number of the plurality of blades.
11. The expandable broadhead of claim 10, wherein the chisel tip is a three-facet chisel tip.
12. The expandable broadhead of claim 10, wherein the chisel tip is a four-facet chisel tip.
13. The expandable broadhead of claim 10, wherein the facets of the chisel tip are concave.
14. The expandable broadhead of claim 10, further comprising cutting edges between the facets of the chisel tip.
15. The expandable broadhead of claim 14, wherein the cutting edges are helical blades.
16. The expandable broadhead of claim 14, wherein the cutting edges of the chisel tip bisect the separation angles of the plurality of blades.
17. The expandable broadhead of claim 9, wherein the number of facets of the chisel tip is different than the number of the plurality of blades.
18. The expandable broadhead of claim 1, wherein the expandable broadhead has a cutting diameter of about 1 inch to about 2.5 inches in diameter.
19. The expandable broadhead of claim 1, wherein the expandable broadhead has a weight of about 75 grains to about 150 grains.