1. An additive for a battery characterized by containing a combustion inhibiting substance releasing compound which releases a combustion inhibiting substance during combustion.
2. An additive for a battery according to claim 1, wherein the combustion inhibiting substance is at least one of a self-extinguishing substance, a flame-retardant substance and a non-combustible substance.
3. An additive for a battery according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the combustion inhibiting substance is a phosphoric ester.
4. An additive for a battery according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the combustion inhibiting substance releasing compound is at least one of a homocyclic phosphorus compound, a heterocyclic phosphorus compound, a homo-chain phosphorus compound and a hetero-chain phosphorus compound, each containing a phosphorus atom.
5. An additive for a battery according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the combustion inhibiting substance releasing compound is at least one homocyclic phosphorus compound selected from alkoxy cyclophosphine derivatives, trialkoxy cyclophosphine derivatives and alkoxy cyclophosphine oxide derivatives.
6. An additive for a battery according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the combustion inhibiting substance releasing compound is a cyclic phosphazene derivative.
7. An additive for a battery according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the combustion inhibiting substance releasing compound is at least one homo-chain phosphorus compound selected from dialkoxy phosphine derivatives and trialkoxy phosphine derivatives.
8. An additive for a battery according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the combustion inhibiting substance releasing compound is at least one hetero-chain phosphorus compound selected from alkoxy diphosphinoborane derivatives, alkoxysilaphosphane derivatives, alkoxyphosphoarsenic cyclosilazane derivatives, alkoxyphosphoxide borane derivatives, p-dialkoxyphosphine borane derivatives, p-trialkoxyphosphine borane derivatives and chain phosphazene derivatives.
9. An additive for a battery according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the combustion inhibiting substance releasing compound is a compound having a halogen atom(s) in its molecule.
10. An additive for a battery according to claim 9, wherein a content of the halogen atom(s) in the combustion inhibiting substance releasing compound is 2-80% by weight.
11. A battery comprising a positive electrode, a negative electrode and an electrolyte containing an additive for a battery as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10 and a support salt.
12. A battery according to claim 10, wherein the electrolyte releases at least 0.03 (mol1 kg of electrolyte) of a combustion inhibiting substance during combustion.
13. A battery according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the electrolyte contains at least 20% by volume of a combustion inhibiting substance releasing compound.
14. A battery according to any one of claims 11 to 13, wherein the electrolyte contains at least 30% by volume of a combustion inhibiting substance releasing compound.
15. A battery according to any one of claims 11 to 14, wherein the electrolyte contains an aprotic organic solvent.
16. A battery according to claim 15, wherein the aprotic organic solvent is a cyclic or chain ester compound, or a chain ether compound.
17. A battery according to any one of claims 11 to 16, comprising a positive electrode, a negative electrode and an electrolyte containing at least one of LiPF6, ethylene carbonate and propylene carbonate and more than 2.5% by volume of a combustion inhibiting substance releasing compound.
18. A battery according to any one of claims 11 to 16, comprising a positive electrode, a negative electrode and an electrolyte containing at least one of LiPF6, ethylene carbonate and propylene carbonate and 1.5-2.5% by volume of a combustion inhibiting substance releasing compound.
19. A battery according to any one of claims 11 18, wherein the electrolyte is a non-aqueous electrolyte.
20. An additive for an electric double-layered capacitor characterized by containing a combustion inhibiting substance releasing compound which releases a combustion inhibiting substance during combustion.
21. An additive for an electric double-layered capacitor according to claim 20, wherein the combustion inhibiting substance is at least one of a self-extinguishing substance, a flame-retardant substance and a non-combustible substance.
22. An additive for an electric double-layered capacitor according to claim 20 or 21, wherein the combustion inhibiting substance is a phosphoric ester.
23. An additive for an electric double-layered capacitor according to any one of claims 20 to 22, wherein the combustion inhibiting substance releasing compound is at least one of a homocyclic phosphorus compound, a heterocyclic phosphorus compound, a homo-chain phosphorus compound and a hetero-chain phosphorus compound, each containing a phosphorus atom.
24. An additive for an electric double-layered capacitor according to any one of claims 20 to 23, wherein the combustion inhibiting substance releasing compound is at least one homocyclic phosphorus compound selected from alkoxy cyclophosphine derivatives, trialkoxy cyclophosphine derivatives and alkoxy cyclophosphine oxide derivatives.
25. An additive for an electric double-layered capacitor according to any one of claims 20 to 23, wherein the combustion inhibiting substance releasing compound is a cyclic phosphazene derivative.
26. An additive for an electric double-layered capacitor according to any one of claims 20 to 23, wherein the combustion inhibiting substance releasing compound is at least one homo-chain phosphorus compound selected from dialkoxy phosphine derivatives and trialkoxy phosphine derivatives.
27. An additive for an electric double-layered capacitor according to any one of claims 20 to 23, wherein the combustion inhibiting substance releasing compound is at least one hetero-chain phosphorus compound selected from alkoxy diphosphinoborane derivatives, alkoxysilaphosphane derivatives, alkoxyphosphoarsenic cyclosilazane derivatives, alkoxyphosphoxide borane derivatives, p-dialkoxyphosphine borane derivatives, p-trialkoxyphosphine borane derivatives and chain phosphazene derivatives.
28. An additive for an electric double-layered capacitor according to any one of claims 20 to 27, wherein the combustion inhibiting substance releasing compound is a compound having a halogen atom(s) in its molecule.
29. An additive for an electric double-layered capacitor according to claim 28, wherein a content of the halogen atom(s) in the combustion inhibiting substance releasing compound is 2-80% by weight.
30. An electric double-layered capacitor comprising a positive electrode, a negative electrode and an electrolyte containing an additive for a battery as claimed in any one of claims 20 to 29 and a support salt.
31. An electric double-layered capacitor according to claim 30, wherein the electrolyte releases at least 0.03 (mol1 kg of electrolyte) of a combustion inhibiting substance during combustion.
32. An electric double-layered capacitor according to claim 30 or 31, wherein the electrolyte contains at least 20% by volume of a combustion inhibiting substance releasing compound.
33. An electric double-layered capacitor according to any one of claims 30 to 32, wherein the electrolyte contains at least 30% by volume of a combustion inhibiting substance releasing compound.
34. An electric double-layered capacitor according to any one of claims 30 to 33, wherein the electrolyte contains an aprotic organic solvent.
35. An electric double-layered capacitor according to claim 34, wherein the aprotic organic solvent is a cyclic or chain ester compound, or a chain ether compound.
36. An electric double-layered capacitor according to any one of claims 30 to 35, comprising a positive electrode, a negative electrode and an electrolyte containing propylene carbonate and at least 3% by volume of a combustion inhibiting substance releasing compound.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A high-boron-alloy cold work die steel wherein the steel in wt % consisting of:
C 1.0\u02dc2.5, Si\u22661.3, Mn\u22661.5, Cr 6.0\u02dc15.0, V\u22662.5, B 0.01\u02dc0.4, and the balance is Fe with unavoidable impurities.
2. The high-boron-alloy cold work die steel of claim 1 wherein the content of Si, Mn and V in wt % is respectively as follows:
Si 0.01\u02dc1.3, Mn 0.01\u02dc1.5, V 0.05\u02dc2.5.
3. The high-boron-alloy cold work die steel of claim 2 wherein the steel in wt % consisting of:
C 1.2\u02dc2.3, Si 0.1\u02dc1.0, Mn 0.1\u02dc1.2, Cr 7.0\u02dc13.89, V 0.05\u02dc2.05, B 0.02\u02dc0.30, and the balance is Fe with unavoidable impurities.
4. The high-boron-alloy cold work die steel of claim 3 wherein the steel in wt % consisting of:
C 1.25\u02dc1.74, Si 0.25\u02dc0.6, Mn 0.19\u02dc0.33, Cr 11.0\u02dc13.0, V 0.42\u02dc1.03, B 0.1\u02dc1.15, and the balance is Fe with unavoidable impurities.