1. A metal bellows tube wherein sectional shapes of a ridge and a valley in a bellows-shaped tube wall are V-shaped.
2. The metal bellows tube of claim 1, wherein the pitch of the bellows is 1.5 mm or less, and the height of the ridge is 0.5-4.0 mm.
3. The metal bellows tube of claim 2, wherein the thickness of the wall of the bellows-shaped tube is 0.1-0.3 mm.
4. The metal bellows tube of claim 1, wherein the tube has an outside diameter of 4.5-20 mm.
5. A method of producing a metal bellows tube, which comprises preparing a metal bellows fundamental tube wherein sectional shapes of a ridge and a valley in a bellows-shaped tube wall are U-shaped, compressing said fundamental tube in the longitudinal direction to bring adjacent ridges and valleys of the bellows-shaped tube wall into close contact with each other, further pressure-forming the tube until the inside space of each ridge and the gap between adjacent ridges substantially disappear by pressing, and then stretching, in the longitudinal direction of the tube, the fundamental tube after the pressure forming until a peak-to-peak gap of the adjacent ridges reaches a predetermined distance.
6. The production method of claim 5, wherein the peak-to-peak gap between adjacent ridges is 1.5 mm or less, and the height of the ridge is 0.5-4.0 mm, after stretching, in the longitudinal direction of the tube, of the above fundamental tube after the pressure forming.
7. A flexible tube for a high-pressure fluid, which is capable of transferring a high-pressure fluid of 70 MPa, and which comprises a metal bellows tube and a tubular metal braid covering the outside of said tube, wherein
the metal bellows tube has been formed such that a ridge and a valley in the bellows-shaped tube wall have a V-shaped sectional shape,
the tubular metal braid has both ends joined with the respectively corresponding both ends of the metal bellows tube, and
the total sectional area S of the metal braid member and the material of the metal strand are determined so as to satisfy
(\u03c3\xd7cos(\u03b82))n\u2267FS
wherein F N is a force of a high-pressure fluid which acts to stretch a metal bellows tube, S mm2 is the total sectional area of a metal strand appearing on the cross-section of the metal braid, a crossing angle \u03b8 of the metal braid=50-120 degrees, \u03c3 MPa is a tensile strength of the material of said metal strand, and n is a safety factor.
8. The flexible tube of claim 7, wherein the force F is 1374-17813 N and the safety factor n is 4.
9. The flexible tube of claim 7, wherein the high-pressure fluid is a hydrogen gas or a mixture of a hydrogen gas and liquid hydrogen.
10. The flexible tube of claim 7, wherein the both ends of the metal bellows tube have a metal pipe as a mouth piece, and the mouth piece is joined with the end of the metal braid by welding or brazing.
11. The flexible tube of claim 7, wherein the end of the metal braid is joined with a mouth piece by brazing, the end of the metal braid is furnished with a braid presser ring covering the braid, the metal braid and the braid presser ring are brazed to the mouth piece, with the end faces approximately at an even position, the braid presser ring has a through hole that exposes the metal braid at a predetermined position from the end face, and the through hole allows confirmation of penetration of a solder in the braid at least to the predetermined position.
12. The flexible tube of claim 7, wherein the end of the metal braid is joined with a mouth piece by brazing, the end of the metal braid is furnished with a braid presser ring covering the braid, the metal braid and the braid presser ring are brazed to the mouth piece, with the end faces approximately at an even position, and the inside of the braid presser ring andor the outside of the mouth piece comprises a circular recess or single recess that allows a solder to flow therein and serves as a stopper.
13. The flexible tube of claim 7, wherein the metal bellows tube has a pitch of the bellows of 2 mm or less, and a height of the ridge of 1-4 mm.
14. The flexible tube of claim 7, wherein the thickness of the wall of the bellows-shaped tube is 0.1-0.5 mm.
15. The flexible tube of claim 7, wherein the metal bellows tube has an inside diameter of 4-17 mm.
16. The flexible tube of claim 7, wherein the metal bellows tube is formed by the production method of claim 5.
17. The flexible tube of claim 7, wherein the above-described force F is 1374-17813 N and n=4,
the metal bellows tube is made of stainless steel, and has an inside diameter of 4-17 mm and a thickness of the wall of the bellows-shaped tube of 0.1-0.5 mm, and
the metal braid has a structure wherein a densely braided layer comprising strands made of stainless steel and having a diameter of 0.3 mm in strand number of 6-10 is superposed in 2 to 6 layers on the outside of the metal bellows tube.
18. The metal bellows tube of claim 2, wherein the tube has an outside diameter of 4.5-20 mm.
19. The metal bellows tube of claim 3, wherein the tube has an outside diameter of 4.5-20 mm.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A water-soluble lubricant comprising:
84% to 89% water;
3% to 8% vegetable oil;
6% to 11% propylene glycol;
0.5% to 2% polyethylene oxide;
0.1% to 1% homopolymer acrylic acid;
less than 0.01% copolymer acrylic acid;
less than 0.01% biocide;
less than 0.01% sodium hydroxide;
less than 0.01% petroleum derivatives; and,
less than 0.01% nonylphenoxypolyethoxyethanol.
2. A lubricant comprising:
water;
vegetable oil;
polymeric thickener; and,
a water-soluble, polymeric dispersant.
3. The lubricant of claim 2, wherein the lubricant further comprises a colligative agent.
4. The lubricant of claim 3, wherein the lubricant further comprises a surfactant.
5. The lubricant of claim 4, wherein the lubricant further comprises a base.
6. The lubricant of claim 5, wherein the lubricant further comprises a biocide.
7. The lubricant of claim 6, wherein the lubricant further comprises a defoamer.
8. The lubricant of claim 2, wherein the lubricant comprises:
approximately 30% to approximately 99% water.
9. The lubricant of claim 8, wherein the lubricant comprises:
approximately 0.01% to approximately 15% vegetable oil.
10. The lubricant of claim 9, wherein the lubricant comprises:
approximately 0.1% to approximately 1% polymeric thickener.
11. The lubricant of claim 10, wherein the lubricant comprises:
approximately 0.5% to approximately 5% water-soluble, polymeric dispersant.
12. The lubricant of claim 3, wherein the lubricant comprises:
approximately 0% to approximately 60% colligative agent.
13. The lubricant of claim 12, wherein the lubricant comprises:
approximately 0.01% to approximately 1% biocide.
14. The lubricant of claim 13, wherein the lubricant comprises:
approximately 0.01% to approximately 1% base.
15. The lubricant of claim 14, wherein the lubricant comprises:
approximately 0.01% to approximately 1% surfactant.
16. The lubricant of claim 15, wherein the lubricant comprises:
approximately 0.01% to approximately 1% defoamer.
17. The lubricant of claim 2, wherein the lubricant comprises:
less than approximately 60% colligative agent.
18. The lubricant of claim 2, wherein the lubricant comprises:
less than approximately 1% biocide.
19. The lubricant of claim 2, wherein the lubricant comprises:
less than approximately 1% base.
20. The lubricant of claim 2, wherein the lubricant comprises:
less than approximately 1% surfactant.
21. The lubricant of claim 2, wherein the lubricant comprises:
less than approximately 1% defoamer.
22. The lubricant of claim 2, wherein the lubricant comprises:
greater than approximately 0% colligative agent.
23. The lubricant of claim 2, wherein the lubricant comprises:
greater than approximately 0.01% biocide.
24. The lubricant of claim 2, wherein the lubricant comprises:
greater than approximately 0.01% base.
25. The lubricant of claim 2, wherein the lubricant comprises:
greater than approximately 0.01% surfactant.
26. The lubricant of claim 2, wherein the lubricant comprises:
greater than approximately 0.01% defoamer.
27. The lubricant of claim 8, wherein the lubricant comprises:
approximately 84% to approximately 89% water.
28. The lubricant of claim 27, wherein the lubricant comprises:
approximately 3% to approximately 8% vegetable oil.
29. The lubricant of claim 28, wherein the lubricant comprises:
approximately 0.1% to approximately 1% polymeric thickener.
30. The lubricant of claim 29, wherein the lubricant comprises:
approximately 0.5% to approximately 2% water-soluble, polymeric dispersant.
31. The lubricant of claim 11, wherein the lubricant comprises:
approximately 84% to approximately 89% water.
32. The lubricant of claim 31, wherein the lubricant comprises:
approximately 3% to approximately 8% vegetable oil.
33. The lubricant of claim 32, wherein the lubricant comprises:
approximately 0.1% to approximately 1% polymeric thickener.
34. The lubricant of claim 33, wherein the lubricant comprises:
approximately 0.5% to approximately 2% water-soluble, polymeric dispersant.
35. The lubricant of claim 34, wherein the lubricant comprises:
approximately 6% to approximately 11% colligative agent.
36. The lubricant of claim 35, wherein the lubricant comprises:
less than approximately 0.01% biocide.
37. The lubricant of claim 36, wherein the lubricant comprises:
less than approximately 0.01% base.
38. The lubricant of claim 37, wherein the lubricant comprises:
less than approximately 0.01% surfactant.
39. The lubricant of claim 38, wherein the lubricant comprises:
less than approximately 0.01% defoamer.
40. The lubricant of claim 9, wherein the polymeric thickener is a homopolymer acrylic acid.
41. The lubricant of claim 40, wherein the dispersant is polyethylene oxide.
42. The lubricant of claim 3, wherein the colligative agent is an antifreeze.
43. The lubricant of claim 42, wherein the antifreeze is propylene glycol.
44. The lubricant of claim 4, wherein the surfactant is nonylphenoxypolyethoxyethanol.
45. The lubricant of claim 5, wherein the base is sodium hydroxide.
46. The lubricant of claim 7, wherein the defoamer is petroleum derivatives.
47. A method for preparing a lubricant, the method comprising:
combining polyethylene oxide and propylene glycol;
combining an emulsifying agent and castor oil;
filling a container with water;
adding a surfactant to the water;
adding a biocide to the water;
adding combination of the polyethylene oxide and the propylene glycol;
adding combination of the emulsifying agent and the castor oil; and,
adding sodium hydroxide.
48. A method for preparing a lubricant, the method comprising:
combining a vegetable oil and a polymeric thickener;
filling a container with water;
adding combination of the vegetable oil and the polymeric thickener; and,
adding a water-soluble, polymeric dispersant.
49. The method of claim 48, wherein the method further comprises:
mixing an anti-freeze with the dispersant prior to addition to the water.
50. The method of claim 49, wherein the method further comprises:
adding a surfactant.
51. The method of claim 50, wherein the method further comprises:
adding a biocide.
52. The method of claim 51, wherein the method further comprises:
adding a base.
53. The method of claim 48, wherein the water is approximately 30% to approximately 99% by weight, the vegetable oil is approximately 0.01% to approximately 15% by weight, the polymeric thickener is approximately 0.1% by to approximately 1% by weight, and the dispersant is approximately 0.5% to approximately 5% by weight.
54. The method of claim 53, wherein the water is approximately 84% to approximately 89% by weight, the vegetable oil is approximately 3% to approximately 8% by weight and the dispersant is approximately 0.5% to approximately 2% by weight.
55. The method of claim 52, wherein the anti-freeze is approximately 0% to approximately 60% by weight, the biocide is approximately 0.01% to approximately 1% by weight, the surfactant is approximately 0.01% to approximately 1% by weight, the defoamer is approximately 0.01% to approximately 1% by weight, and the base is approximately 0.01% to approximately 1% by weight.
56. The method of claim 55, wherein the anti-freeze is propylene glycol, the surfactant is nonylphenoxypolyethoxyethanol, the defoamer is petroleum derivatives, the base is sodium hydroxide, the vegetable oil is castor oil, the dispersant is polyethylene oxide, and the thickener is homopolymer acrylic acid, wherein the propylene glycol is approximately 6% to approximately 11%, the nonylphenoxypolyethoxyethanol is less than approximately 0.01%, the petroleum derivates are less than approximately 0.01%, the sodium hydroxide is less than approximately 0.01%, the castor oil is approximately 3% to approximately 8%, the polyethylene oxide is approximately 0.5% to approximately 2%, the water is approximately 84% to approximately 89%, and the biocide is less than approximately 0.01%.