1. An electric machine, comprising:
housing;
a stator fixedly secured to said housing;
a rotor, rotatably secured to said housing, at least one of said housing, said stator and said rotor including an inner wall defining a passageway adapted for improved fluid flow therethrough.
2. The electric machine as in claim 1, wherein said rotor includes the inner wall, the passageway extending longitudinally.
3. The electric machine as in claim 2, wherein at least one of said housing, said stator and said rotor includes a second inner wall, the second inner wall defining a second longitudinally extending passageway, the second passageway spaced from the first mentioned passageway.
4. The electric machine as in claim 1, wherein said rotor defines a rotor protrusion for generating air flow.
5. The electric machine as in claim 1, wherein at least one of said stator and said housing includes the inner wall, the passageway extending longitudinally.
6. The electric machine as in claim 1, wherein the passageway has opposed end portions extending from a central portion thereof, the central portion extending generally parallel to the longitudinal axis of the machine.
7. The electric machine as in claim 6, wherein the cross sectional area of the central portion is smaller than the cross sectional area of the end portions.
8. The electric machine as in claim 6, wherein the end portions extend at least partially normal to the longitudinal axis of the machine.
9. The electric machine as in claim 1, wherein at least one of said housing, said stator and said rotor includes a protuberance extending from an external surface of said housing, the protuberance including at least a portion of the inner wall.
10. The electric machine as in claim 1:
wherein said housing includes the first mentioned inner wall; and
wherein said rotor includes a second inner wall defining a second passageway adapted for improved fluid flow therethrough.
11. The electric machine as in claim 1, wherein at least one of said housing, said stator and said rotor includes at least one of textures or protrusions thereon adapted to improve heat transfer in the electric machine.
12. The electric machine as in claim 1, wherein the inner wall includes at least one of texture or protrusions thereon adapted to improve heat transfer in the electric machine.
13. The electric machine as in claim 1, wherein said one of said at least one of said housing, said stator and said rotor including the inner wall defining the passageway further includes a plurality of components, one of the plurality of components including the inner wall defining the passageway
14. The electric machine as in claim 13, wherein said one of the plurality of components including the inner wall defining the passageway comprises a tube.
15. A stator for use in an electric machine, said stator having an inner wall defining a longitudinally extending passageway adapted for improved fluid flow therethrough.
16. The stator as in claim 15, wherein the passageway has opposed ends extending from a central portion thereof, the central portion extending generally parallel to the longitudinal axis of the machine and the end portions extending at least partially normal to the longitudinal axis of the machine.
17. The stator as in claim 15, wherein the inner wall of said stator includes at least one of textures or protrusions thereon adapted to improve heat transfer in the electric machine.
18. A rotor for use in an electric machine, said rotor having an inner wall defining a longitudinally extending passageway adapted for improved fluid flow therethrough.
19. The rotor as in claim 18, wherein the passageway is generally spirally shaped.
20. The rotor as in claim 18, wherein the inner wall of said rotor includes at least one of textures or protrusions thereon adapted to improve heat transfer in the electric machine.
21. The rotor as in claim 18, wherein said rotor defines a rotor protrusion for generating air flow.
22. A method for making an electric machine with improved fluid flow, the method comprising:
providing a stator;
providing a housing, at least one of the stator and the housing having an internal periphery defining a passageway, the passageway having opposed end portions extending from a central portion thereof, the central portion extending generally parallel to the longitudinal axis of the machine, the passageways adapted for improved fluid flow therethrough;
fixedly securing the stator to the housing;
providing a rotor; and
rotatably securing the rotor to the housing.
23. The method as in claim 22, wherein the cross sectional area of the central portion is smaller than the cross sectional area of the end portions.
24. The method as in claim 22, wherein the rotor includes a second inner wall defining a first longitudinally extending rotor passageway the rotor passageway adapted for improved fluid flow therethrough.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A method for identifying a: compound for modulating the cellular activity or location of PTPL1, the method comprising
selecting a test compound and
evaluating the test compound to identify a compound that modulates the interaction of PTPL1 with TAPP; or which modulates or mimics the interaction of TAPP with PtdIns(3, 4)P2; or which modulates the cellular location of TAPP.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the selecting step comprises using molecular modelling means to select or design a compound that is predicted to interact with the phosphoinositide binding domain of TAPP, wherein a three-dimensional structure of at least a part of the phosphoinoisitide binding domain of the TAPP is compared with a three- dimensional structure of a compound, and a compound that is predicted to interact with said phosphoinositide binding domain is selected.
3. The method of claim 2 wherein the three-dimensional structure of at least a part of the phosphoinositide binding domain of the TAPP is a three-dimensional structure of at least a part of the phosphoinositide binding site of the TAPP and a compound that is predicted to interact with said phosphoinositide binding site is selected.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein the evaluating step comprises the steps of
exposing a TAPP or PTPL1 polypeptide to the test compound; and
determining whether the test compound modulates the interaction of PTPL1 with TAPP; or modulates or mimics the interaction of TAPP with PtdIns(3,4) P2; or modulates the cellular location of TAPP.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein the TAPP comprises the C-terminal PH domain of human TAPP1 or TAPP2 and the three or four most C-terminal residues of full length human TAPP1 or TAPP2; and wherein the PTPL1 comprises one or more of the PDZ1 domain of human PTPL1, the PDZ5 domain of human PTPL1 or the phosphatase domain of human PTPL1.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein the evaluating comprises using a fluorescence-based assay system.
7. A method for selecting a compound for modulating signalling via PtdIns(3,4)P2, the method comprising
selecting a test compound and
evaluating the test compound to identify a compound which modulates the interaction between TAPP and PTPL1 or the intracellular location of PTPL1.
8. The method of claim 7 wherein the evaluating comprises exposing a TAPP or PTPL1 polypeptide to a test compound; and determining whether the test compound modulates the interaction between TAPP and PTPL1 or the intracellular location of PTPL1.
9. A kit of parts comprising TAPP or a polynucleotide encoding TAPP, and PTPL1 or a polyoucleotide encoding PTPL1.
10. A method for modulating the cellular activity or location of PTPL1, the method comprising the step of exposing the PTPL1 to a compound that modulates the interaction of PTPL1 with TAPP; or that modulates or mimics the interaction of TAPP with PtdIns(3,4)P2; or that modulates the cellular location of TAPP.
11. The method of claim 10 wherein the method is performed in vitro.
12. A method for modulating signalling via PtdIns(3,4)P2, the method comprising the step of exposing the PTPL1 to a compound which modulates the interaction between TAPP and PTPL1 or the intracellular location of PTPL1.
13. The method of claim 12 wherein the method is performed in vitro.
14.-17. (canceled)
18. A method of treating a patient in need of inhibition of apoptosis, the method comprising administering an effective amount of a compound that inhibits the interaction of PtdIns(3, 4)P2 with TAPP or that inhibits the interaction of TAPP with PTPL1 to the patient under conditions effective to inhibit apoptosis.
19. The method according to claim 18, wherein the patient is has diabetes, ischaemic disease, or requires wound healing or nerve regeneration.
20. A method of treating a patient in need of promotion of apoptosis, the method comprising administering an effective amount of a compound that promotes the interaction of TAPP with PtdIns(3,4)P2 or that mimics the effect of PtdIns(3,4)P2 on TAPP, or that promotes the interaction of TAPP with PTPL1 to the patient under conditions effective to promote apoptosis.
21. The method according to claim 20 wherein the patient is being treated for cancer or inflammation.