1. A copolymer made of alkylene oxides and glycidyl ethers according to formula (I)
in which
R1 is hydrogen or a C1-C4-alkyl radical,
R2 and R4 are hydrogen or a methyl group,
R3 is an alkyl or aryl radical having 1 to 50 carbon atoms which may also contain heteroatoms,
A is an alkylene unit having 2 to 6 carbon atoms,
x is 0 or 1,
y is 0 or 1,
n is a number from 2 to 50,
k is a number from 1 to 100,
R5 is an acid group or hydrogen, and
m is a number from 2 to 100,
with the proviso that (y+n) must be at least 2.
2. The copolymer as claimed in claim 1, in which R5 is the radical of a dibasic or tribasic acid.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A liquid phase process for the synthesis of mesitylene in the absence of added hydrogen which comprises treating pseudocumene with a catalytic composition comprising a zeolite, in acid or prevalently acid form, selected from ZSM-5 zeolite having a crystal lattice made up of silicon oxide and aluminum oxide, and ZSM-5 modified by the partial or total substitution of Si with a tetravalent element andor the partial or total substitution of Al with other trivalent elements, wherein said process is carried out exclusively in the liquid phase at a temperature of from 250 to 375\xb0 C. and a pressure of between 5 and 50 bar, and wherein said process is conducted in the absence of added hydrogen.
2. The process according to claim 1, wherein the catalytic composition comprises ZSM-5 zeolite having a crystal lattice made up of silicon oxide and aluminum oxide.
3. The process according to claim 2, wherein the molar ratio between silicon oxide and aluminum oxide is higher than 20.
4. The process according to claim 3, wherein the molar ratio between silicon oxide and aluminum oxide ranges from 20 to 1000.
5. The process according to claim 4, wherein the molar ratio between silicon oxide and aluminum oxide ranges from 25 to 300.
6. The process according to claim 1, wherein the catalytic composition comprises the zeolite in a bound form, with a binder selected from alumina, silica, magnesia, zirconia or mixtures thereof.
7. The process according to claim 6, wherein the weight ratio between zeolite and binder ranges from 5:95 to 95:5.
8. The process according to claim 7, wherein the weight ratio ranges from 20:80 to 80:20.
9. The process according to claim 1, wherein the WHSV space velocity is between 0.1 and 10 hours\u22121.
10. The process according to claim 1, carried out continuously, in a fixed bed reactor.
11. The process according to claim 1, wherein the pseudocumene is de-oxygenated before being treated with the catalytic composition.
12. The process according to claim 11, wherein the pseudocumene is de-oxygenated by means of degassing by saturation with an inert gas or by boiling.
13. The process according to claim 1, wherein the pseudocumene used comes directly from distillation, without intermediate storage.
14. The process according to claim 1, wherein said catalytic composition comprises ZSM-5 modified by the partial or total substitution of Si with a tetravalent element andor the partial or total substitution of Al with other trivalent elements.
15. The process according to claim 14, wherein said catalytic composition comprises ZSM-5 modified by the partial or total substitution of Si with Ti or Ge andor the partial or total substitution of Al with Fe, Ga or B.
16. The process according to claim 1, wherein said process consists essentially of contacting said catalytic composition with said pseudocumene.
17. A process for regenerating a catalyst, at least partially exhausted, which comprises treating said catalyst at a temperature ranging from 450 to 550\xb0 C., at a pressure ranging from 1 to 3 bar, with mixtures of oxygen and nitrogen in a ratio ranging from 0.1 to 20% by volume, and with a GHSV space velocity of between 3000 and 6000 hours\u22121, wherein said catalyst is a catalyst previously used in a process for the synthesis of mesitylene which comprises treating pseudocumene with a catalytic composition comprising a zeolite, in acid or prevalently acid form, selected from ZSM-5 zeolite having a crystal lattice made up of silicon oxide and aluminum oxide, and ZSM-5 modified by the partial or total substitution of Si with a tetravalent element andor the partial or total substitution of Al with other trivalent elements.