1. A method for regulating an ionization device in an exhaust-gas aftertreatment apparatus of an internal combustion engine, the method comprising the following steps:
providing at least one cathode at a distance from an anode in the exhaust-gas aftertreatment apparatus;
applying a high voltage between the at least one cathode and the anode;
predefining a first value for the high voltage;
detecting a current, generated by the high voltage, between the at least one cathode and the anode; and
predefining a second value for the high voltage if the detected current exceeds a predefinable first current intensity for a predefinable number of times.
2. The method according to claim 1, which further comprises increasing the predefinable first value for the high voltage with a predefinable high-voltage increase rate.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the second value is lower than the first value.
4. The method according to claim 1, which further comprises the following steps:
determining a current increase rate of the detected current; and
predefining the second value for the high voltage if the current increase rate exceeds a predefinable current increase value.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the predefinable first value for the high voltage assigned to the current in the event of exceeding the predefinable current increase value is a critical high voltage, and the second value for the high voltage is less than or equal to the critical high voltage.
6. The method according to claim 1, which further comprises reducing the predefined high voltage to the second value if at least one of the following takes place:
the current exceeds the predefinable first current intensity or
a current increase rate exceeds a current increase value, multiple times.
7. The method according to claim 1, which further comprises predefining the second value in such a way that a current with a predefinable second current intensity flows.
8. The method according to claim 1, which further comprises predefining at least one of the first value or the second value as a function of at least one of the following parameters:
aging of the cathode,
operating point of the internal combustion engine,
exhaust-gas mass flow rate,
exhaust gas humidity,
exhaust gas temperature,
load of the internal combustion engine, or
size of particles in the exhaust gas.
9. The method according to claim 1, which further comprises predefining the first value as a function of the second value from at least one previous operating cycle.
10. The method according to claim 1, which further comprises generating the high voltage between the at least one cathode and the anode using a high-voltage source, adjusting a magnitude of the high voltage to be proportional to a low voltage applied to an input side of the high-voltage source and controlling the magnitude of the high voltage by using the low voltage.
11. The method according to claim 1, which further comprises generating the high voltage between the at least one cathode and the anode by using a high-voltage source, and controlling a magnitude of the high voltage by using a frequency of a control voltage applied to the high-voltage source.
12. A motor vehicle, comprising:
an internal combustion engine;
an exhaust-gas aftertreatment apparatus having an ionization device with a cathode and an anode disposed at a distance form each other; and
a control device configured to regulate said ionization device by:
applying a high voltage between said cathode and said anode;
predefining a first value for the high voltage;
detecting a current, generated by the high voltage, between said cathode and said anode; and
predefining a second value for the high voltage if the detected current exceeds a predefinable first current intensity for a predefinable number of times.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A retractable Universal Serial Bus (USB) connector comprising:
a first module including:
a first insulating main body; and
a first conductive module disposed in the first insulating main body and having a plurality of first conductive terminals and a plurality of second conductive terminals, each of the first conductive terminals formed with a first contact portion and a first mounting portion, each of the second conductive terminals formed with a second contact portion and a second mounting portion; and
a second module disposed on the first module including:
a second insulating main body; and
a second conductive module disposed in the second insulating main body and having a plurality of third conductive terminals and a plurality of fourth conductive terminals, each of the third conductive terminals formed with a third contact portion and a first conductive portion, each of the fourth conductive terminals formed with a fourth contact portion and a second conductive portion;
wherein the second module is linearly movable on the first module and configured to
allow electrical connection with the corresponding first and second contact portions when the second module contacts thereto, and
allow electrical disconnection from the corresponding first and second contact portions when the second module is removed there-from.
2. The retractable USB connector according to claim 1, wherein the first module meets a USB specification selected from a group consisting of: USB A, USB B, Micro USB and Mini USB standard.
3. The retractable USB connector according to claim 1, wherein the second module meets a USB specification selected from a group consisting of: USB A, USB B, Micro USB and Mini USB standard.
4. The retractable USB connector according to claim 1, wherein the first insulating main body has a plate and a bump formed on the rear end of the plate, the first and second contact portions are exposed from the front end of the plate, and the second module is disposed on the plate in a linearly movable manner.
5. The retractable USB connector according to claim 1, wherein the second module is divided into a front section and a rear section by a shaft assembly, and the front section is approximately from the third and fourth contact portions to the shaft assembly whereas the rear section is approximately from the shaft assembly to the second conductive portion.
6. The retractable USB connector according to claim 5, wherein the front section of the second module is longitudinally split into two portions of a first unit and a second unit thereby the third and fourth conductive terminals are allowed for independent movement.
7. The retractable USB connector according to claim 1, wherein the second module includes a slide button.
8. The retractable USB connector according to claim 7, wherein the first module is enveloped by a jacket, and the jacket has a slit for receiving the slide button.
9. The retractable USB connector according to claim 1 selectively connecting a power supply and a USB hub device.
10. The retractable USB connector according to claim 1 further formed with a pair of tracks for receiving a pair of knobs disposed on a convertor and the tracks and knobs are interchangeable between the retractable USB connector and the convertor.
11. A retractable Universal Serial Bus (USB) connector comprising:
a first module including:
a first insulating main body; and
a first conductive module disposed in the first insulating main body and having a plurality of first conductive terminals, each of the first conductive terminals formed with a first contact portion and a first mounting portion; and
a second module disposed on the first module including:
a second insulating main body; and
a second conductive module disposed in the second insulating main body and having a plurality of third conductive terminals, each of the third conductive terminals formed with a third contact portion and a first conductive portion;
wherein the second module is linearly movable on the first module and configured to
allow electrical connection with the corresponding first contact portion when the second module contacts thereto, and
allow electrical disconnection from the corresponding first contact portions when the second module is removed there-from.
12. The retractable USB connector according to claim 11, wherein the first module meets a USB specification selected from a group consisting of: USB A, USB B, Micro USB and Mini USB standard.
13. The retractable USB connector according to claim 11, wherein the second module meets a USB specification selected from a group consisting of: USB A, USB B, Micro USB and Mini USB standard.
14. The retractable USB connector according to claim 11, wherein the first insulating main body has a plate and a bump formed on the rear end of the plate, the first and second contact portions are exposed from the front end of the plate, and the second module is disposed on the plate in a linearly movable manner.
15. The retractable USB connector according to claim 11, wherein the second module is divided into a front section and a rear section by a shaft assembly, and the front section is approximately from the third and fourth contact portions to the shaft assembly whereas the rear section is approximately from the shaft assembly to the second conductive portion.
16. The retractable USB connector according to claim 11, wherein the second module includes a slide button.
17. The retractable USB connector according to claim 16, wherein the first module is enveloped by a jacket, and the jacket has a slit for receiving the slide button.
18. The retractable USB connector according to claim 11 selectively connecting a power supply and a USB hub device.
19. The retractable USB connector according to claim 11 further formed with a pair of tracks for receiving a pair of knobs disposed on a convertor, and the tracks and knobs are interchangeable between the retractable USB connector and the convertor.
20. A retractable Universal Serial Bus (USB) connector comprising:
a first module including:
a first insulating main body; and
a first conductive module disposed in the first insulating main body and having a plurality of first conductive terminals and a plurality of second conductive terminals, each of the first conductive terminals formed with a separated pair of first contact portions and a separated pair of first mounting portions disposed on the opposite end of the first insulating main body, each of the second conductive terminals formed with a separated pair of second contact portions and a separated pair of second mounting portions disposed on the opposite end of the first insulating main body; and
a second module disposed on the first module including:
a second insulating main body; and
a second conductive module disposed in the second insulating main body and having a plurality of third conductive terminals and a plurality of fourth conductive terminals, each of the third conductive terminals formed with a third contact portion and a first conductive portion, and each of the fourth conductive terminals formed with a fourth contact portion and a second conductive portion;
wherein the second module is linearly movable on the first module and configured to
allow electrical connection with the corresponding first and second contact portions when the second module contacts thereto, and
21. A retractable Universal Serial Bus (USB) connector comprising:
a first module including:
a first insulating main body; and
a first conductive module disposed in the first insulating main body and having a plurality of first conductive terminals, each of the first conductive terminals formed with a first contact portion and a first mounting portion; and
a second module disposed on the first module including:
a second insulating main body; and
a second conductive module disposed in the second insulating main body and having a plurality of third conductive terminals, each of the third conductive terminals formed with a third contact portion and a first conductive portion;
wherein the second module is linearly movable on the first module and configured to
allow electrical connection with the corresponding first and second contact portions when the second module contacts thereto, and
allow electrical disconnection from the corresponding first and second contact portions when the second module is removed there-from.
22. The retractable USB connector according to claim 21, wherein the first module meets a HDMI standard or a Mini DisplayPort standard.
23. The retractable USB connector according to claim 21, wherein the second module meets a HDMI standard or a Mini DisplayPort standard.