1. A stent comprising:
a stent member comprising a first stent member end, a second stent member end, a first fluid port, a second fluid port, and a first lumen, the first fluid port being located at or near the first stent member end, the second fluid port being located at or near the second stent member end, the first lumen extending between and being in internal fluid communication with the first fluid port and the second fluid port, the stent member configured to extend within a body lumen between a first body portion and a second body portion of a subject;
an elongate injection member comprising a first injection member end portion and a second injection member end portion, the first injection member end portion being connected to the stent member, and the second injection member end portion comprising an injection port, an injection lumen extending within the elongate injection member for delivering a substance out of a third fluid port into at least a part of at least one of the body lumen, the first body portion, or second body portion.
2. The stent of claim 1, wherein the injection lumen extends within the stent member, and the stent member comprises the third fluid port.
3. The stent of claim 2, wherein the third fluid port is positioned at about \u2153 of the total length of the stent member from the first stent member end.
4. The stent of claim 1, wherein the injection member is removably connected to the stent member.
5. The stent of claim 1, wherein the second injection member end portion has a length sufficient to extend from the subject’s urinary bladder to a location outside of the subject.
6. The stent of claim 1, wherein the second injection member end portion is connected to a substance reservoir.
7. The stent of claim 1, wherein the first lumen is dimensioned to allow a guidewire to extend therethrough.
8. The stent of claim 1, wherein the substance includes a solution operative to show injury or integrity of the part of the body portion.
9. The stent of claim 1, wherein the substance includes a contrast agent.
10. A stent comprising:
a first elongate member configured to extend within a body lumen of a subject; and
a second elongate member having (i) a first end portion connected to the first elongate member and (ii) a second end portion;
wherein an injection lumen extends within the second elongate member for injecting a substance into at least a part of the body lumen.
11. The stent of claim 10, further comprising at least one outflow port through the first end portion of the second elongate member for injecting the substance into the part of the body lumen.
12. The stent of claim 10, wherein the first elongate member defines a first lumen and a second lumen, the second lumen being separated from the first lumen within the elongate member such that fluid is not permitted to flow solely within the first elongate member between the first lumen in the second lumen, the first end portion of the injection lumen being in fluid communication with the second lumen.
13. The stent of claim 12, further comprising an outflow port extending through a side wall of the first elongate member to inject the substance into the part of the body portion through the second lumen.
14. The stent of claim 10, wherein the second elongate member has a length such that the second end portion of the second elongate member is accessible from outside of the subject while the first end portion is positioned within the subject’s urinary bladder.
15. The stent of claim 10, further comprising a separate injection tube configured to extend through a body wall of the subject to connect to the second end portion of the second elongate member.
16. The stent of claim 10, wherein the first elongate member includes a first end portion configured to be retained at a kidney of the subject and a second end portion configured to be retained in the subject’s urinary bladder while the first elongate member extends through the subject’s ureter.
17. The stent of claim 16, further configured such that the first end portion of the second elongate member and the first elongate member diverge in the bladder.
18. The stent of claim 16, further configured such that the first end portion of the second elongate member and the first elongate member diverge in a renal pelvis of the subject.
19. A method of assessing a condition of a body lumen of a subject, the method comprising:
providing a stent comprising a first lumen, a second lumen, a first port, a second port, a third port, and a fourth port, the first lumen extending between the first port the second port, the second lumen extending between the second port in the third port, the third port being positioned between the first port and the second port;
positioning the stent at least partially within the subject such that the first lumen extends through the body lumen, the first port is positioned in a first body cavity, the second port is positioned in a second body cavity, the third port is positioned in the body lumen, and the fourth port is positioned outside of the first body cavity, the second body cavity, and the lumen;
connecting a reservoir containing a contrast agent to the fourth port;
injecting the contrast agent into the body lumen through fourth port, the second lumen, and the third port; and
obtaining images of the body lumen.
20. The method of claim 19, wherein positioning the stent comprises positioning the fourth port outside of the subject.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A picture display device comprising a cathode ray tube (2) provided with indexing elements (12, 14) for detecting an electron beam of the cathode ray tube (2) that impinges on said elements (12, 14), and a level shifter (30) for transmitting at least one signal, based on the detection at the indexing elements (12, 14), from a high-voltage system (20) of the cathode ray tube (2) to a low voltage-system of an electron beam control means 50;
characterized in that the level shifter (30) comprises an input stage (32a, 32b) which is arranged to decrease an input impedance (Z; Z12) of the level shifter (30).
2. The picture display device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the input stage (32a, 32b) comprises a current mirror (32).
3. The picture display device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the input stage (32a, 32b) comprises an inverting current to voltage converter (32).
4. The picture display device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the input stage (32a, 32b) comprises at least two cascaded operational amplifiers (326, 328) and a feedback connection connecting (FBI2) an output O2 of the last operational amplifier (328) of the cascaded operational amplifiers (326, 328) to an input of the first operational amplifier (326) of the cascaded operational amplifiers (326, 328), said feedback connection (FB12) including a resistor R12.
5. The picture display device as claimed in claim 4, wherein one of the at least two operational amplifiers (326, 328) is arranged as an inverting current to voltage converter (32).
6. The picture display device as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the level shifter circuit (30) comprises at least one optical signal path (38) for transmitting said at least one signal and for providing galvanic separation between the high-voltage system (20) and a low voltage-system (22).
7. The picture display device as claimed in claim 6, wherein the optical path (38) comprises a light-emitting diode (346) for sending said at least one signal from the high-voltage system (20) and a photo-diode (362) for receiving said at least one signal at the low-voltage system (22).
8. The picture display device as claimed in claim 1 wherein the indexing elements (12, 14), comprising a first indexing element (12) and a second indexing (14) element, are arranged adjacent to each other and are arranged to generate a first indexing signal on an output conductor (16) and a second indexing signal on an output conductor (18), respectively.
9. The picture display device as claimed in claim 8, further comprising a subtraction means (342) for subtracting the second indexing signal from the first indexing signal and for generating a differential signal (343), indicating the difference between the first indexing signal and the second indexing signal.
10. The picture display device as claimed in claim 8 or 9, wherein the differential signal is transmitted from the high-voltage system (20) to the low voltage system (22) via an optical path (38).
11. The picture display device as claimed in claim 1; characterized in that the high voltage system (20) comprises the indexing elements (12, 14) and a high voltage side (HV) of the level shifter (30),
the indexing elements (12, 14) are connected via output conductors (16, 18) to the input stage (32a, 32b) of the level shifter (30),
low voltage system (22) comprises a low voltage side (LV) of the level shifter (30) and the electron beam control means (50),
an output (369) of the level shifter (30) is connected to the electron beam control means (50) for controlling the position of the electron beam that impinges on the indexing elements (12, 14).