1. A composite support comprising:
an ordered mesoporous carbon comprising mesopores having an average diameter of about 2 nanometers to about 8 nanometers; and
a silicon carbide dispersed in the ordered mesoporous carbon,
wherein the ordered mesoporous carbon is in the form of a framework including walls which define the mesopores, and
wherein the silicon carbide is in the form of a particle and is disposed on an inner surface of the walls of the framework of the ordered mesoporous carbon.
2. The composite support of claim 1, wherein the silicon carbide is disposed on an inner surface and on an outer surface of the walls of the framework of the ordered mesoporous carbon.
3. The composite support of claim 1, wherein the silicon carbide is bound to the ordered mesoporous carbon.
4. The composite support of claim 1, wherein the silicon carbide has a shape of least one selected from a spherical, platelet, amorphous, and an acicular shape.
5. The composite support of claim 1, wherein the ordered mesoporous carbon and the silicon carbide are in a weight ratio of about 1:99 to about 30:70.
6. The composite support of claim 1, wherein the composite support has a specific surface area of about 300 square meters per gram to about 600 square meters per gram.
7. A method of preparing a composite support, the method comprising:
contacting an ordered mesoporous silica template and a carbonaceous precursor-containing mixture to prepare a first mixture;
thermally treating the first mixture at a temperature of about 1300\xb0 C. to about 1500\xb0 C. to form a pre-composite comprising an ordered mesoporous carbon comprising mesopores having an average diameter of about 2 nanometers to about 8 nanometers, a silicon carbide dispersed in the ordered mesoporous carbon, and the ordered mesoporous silica template; and
removing the ordered mesoporous silica template from the pre-composite to prepare the composite support, wherein the composite support comprises the ordered mesoporous carbon comprising mesopores having an average diameter of about 2 nanometers to about 8 nanometers and the silicon carbide dispersed in the ordered mesoporous carbon,
wherein the ordered mesoporous carbon is in the form of a framework including walls which define the mesopores,
wherein the silicon carbide is in the form of a particle and is disposed on an inner surface of the walls of the framework of the ordered mesoporous carbon, and
wherein the silicon carbide in the pre-composite is derived from the ordered mesoporous silica template and the carbonaceous precursor of the first mixture.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the ordered mesoporous silica template comprises at least one selected from MCM-48, SBA-1, SBA-15, KIT-1, and MSU-1.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein a carbonaceous precursor of the carbonaceous precursor-containing mixture comprises at least one selected from glucose, sucrose, fructose, benzene, naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, pyrene, phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resin, urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin, quinoxaline, propylenediamine, 4,4\u2032-dipyridyl, phenanthroline, p-toluenesulfonic acid, and furfuryl mercaptan.
10. The method of claim 7, wherein the carbonaceous precursor-containing mixture further comprises a metal precursor and a solvent.
11. The method of claim 7, wherein the thermally treating of the first mixture is performed at a temperature of about 1350\xb0 C. to about 1450\xb0 C.
12. The method of claim 7, wherein the thermal treating of the first mixture is performed in an inert atmosphere.
13. The method of claim 7, wherein the removing of the ordered mesoporous silica template from the pre-composite comprises contacting the pre-composite with an acid or an alkali solution capable of dissolving silica.
14. An electrode catalyst for a fuel cell, comprising: the composite support of claim 1; and a catalyst particle disposed on the composite support.
15. A membrane-electrode assembly for a fuel cell, the membrane-electrode assembly comprising:
a cathode;
an anode disposed opposite to the cathode; and
an electrolyte membrane disposed between the cathode and the anode,
wherein at least one of the cathode and the anode comprises the electrode catalyst of claim 14.
16. A fuel cell comprising the membrane-electrode assembly of claim 15.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. An interface card for interfacing a drive to a LAN without modifying a main control card of the drive, the interface card comprising:
a dual port memory interface to the main control card of the drive for receiving feedbacks and transmitting setpoints;
an ASIC for generating an interrupt signal;
an interrupt line that transmits the interrupt signal and informs a communication processor connected on the main control card to update the feedbacks in the dual port memory and read the setpoints from the dual port memory; and
control registers for interfacing the communication processor to the LAN.
2. The interface card of claim 1, wherein the ASIC is a controller for interfacing with firmware in the communication processor in order to pass data between a main processor and the interface card.
3. The interface card of claim 1, further comprising a stab terminal for a ground connection.
4. The interface card of claim 1, further comprising a LNPL connector for connecting the interface card with the main control card of the drive.
5. The interface card of claim 1, further comprising a 2PL connector for transmitting power to the interface card.
6. The interface card of claim 1, wherein the LAN is an ISBus LAN.
7. A method for interfacing a drive to a LAN without modifying a main control card of the drive, the main control card including a communications processor and a main processor, the method comprising the steps of:
triggering an interrupt to notify the communications processor on the main control card to update feedbacks in a dual port memory and read setpoints from the dual port memory;
transmitting setpoints from the dual port memory interface to the main processor on the main control card;
transmitting feedback from the main processor on the main control card to the dual port memory interface; and
interfacing the communications processor with the LAN with control registers.
8. The method of claim 7, further comprising performing a page swap in the dual port memory after updating the feedbacks in the dual port memory.
9. The method of claim 8, further comprising storing the transmitted set points in a communication processor external RAM inactive page.
10. The method of claim 9, further comprising performing an external RAM page swap.
11. A method for interfacing a drive to a LAN, the drive having a main control card including a communication processor and a main processor, the method comprising the steps of:
providing an interface card having an ASIC, a dual port memory and an interrupt line for transmitting an interrupt signal generated by the ASIC over the interrupt line to the communications processor;
updating feedbacks in an inactive page of the dual port memory;
swapping the inactive page with an active page;
reading setpoints from the inactive page after swapping;
loading setpoints into an external RAM of the communication processor;
performing a page swap on the external RAM of the communication processor; and
transmitting setpoints from the active page of the communication processor external RAM to the main processor.