What is claimed is:
1. A method for performing a transaction amongst a plurality of participants including a first participant and a second participant, wherein the first and second participants purchase products of a given type from a product supplier at first and second purchase prices, respectively, the first and second purchase prices being different from each other, the method comprising:
receiving a first transaction information from the first participant wishing to perform a transaction in connection with one or more products of the given type with another participant, the first transaction information including at least price information on the one or more products without providing information on the first purchase price associated with the first participant; and
receiving a second transaction information from the second participant agreeing to transact with the first participant based on the first transaction information, the second transaction information not providing information on the second purchase price associated with the second participant.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
displaying at least a portion of the first transaction information to the second participant, wherein the information displayed to the second participant provides a first transaction balance amount,
wherein the first transaction balance amount provides sufficient information to the second participant to determine a transaction price of the one or more products as realized by the second participant but insufficient for the second participant to determine the first purchase price associated with the first participant.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the first transaction information is purchase information, the transaction price is a purchase price, and the first transaction balance amount is a wish-to-buy balance amount.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the first transaction information is sales information, the transaction price is a sales price, and the first transaction balance amount is a wish-to-sell balance amount.
5. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
storing the first transaction information in an information receiving unit that is accessible to the plurality of participants;
receiving a first information request from the second participant, the first request providing one or more search criteria; and
upon determining that the first transaction information satisfies the search criteria, providing at least a portion of the first transaction information to the second participant, wherein the information provided to the second participant is sufficient for the second participant to determine a transaction price of the one or more products as realized by the second participant but insufficient for the second participant to determine the first purchase price associated with the first participant.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the information provided to the second participant includes a first transaction balance amount, wherein the second transaction information including an identifier specifying the first transaction information.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the first transaction information is purchase information and the first transaction balance amount is a wish-to-buy balance amount.
8. The method of claim 6, wherein the first transaction information includes a wish-to-transact price, further comprising:
retrieving the first purchase price associated with the first participant; and
calculating the first transaction balance amount using the wish-to-transact price and the first purchase price.
9. The method of claim 6, further comprising:
receiving a consent to enter into a transaction agreement with the first participant from the second participant; and
deleting the first transaction information from the information receiving unit.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein a first agreement between the first participant and the product supplier and a second agreement between the second participant and the product supplier are formed in response to the receipt of the consent from the second participant.
11. The method of claim 9, wherein the one or more products have not yet been manufactured by a manufacturer.
12. A method for trading a transactional right for a product in a network environment having a plurality of participants and a product supplier, the method comprising:
receiving sales information from a first participant for a purchase right to a product of a given type being supplied by the supplier, the first participant having agreed to pay a first purchase price to the supplier for the one or more products in connection with the purchase right;
providing information on the sales information to a second participant, the information on the sales information being insufficient for the second participant to determine the first purchase price but sufficient to enable the second participant to determine a total purchase price for the product; and
receiving an acceptance of the purchase right from the second participant based on the information provided on the sales information to the second participant.
13. The method of claim 12, further comprising:
forming a purchase agreement between the second participant and the supplier based on the acceptance by the second participant.
14. The method of claim 12, further comprising:
receiving a request for sales information from the second participant, the request including one or more search criteria.
15. The method of claim 12, wherein the information provided on the sales information provides a wish-to-sale balance amount.
16. The method of claim 12, further comprising:
receiving purchase information from a third participant for a purchase right to a product of the given type being supplied by the supplier; and
providing information on the purchase information to a fourth participant who wishes to purchase a purchase right to a product of the given type, the information on the purchase information providing a wish-to-buy balance amount.
17. The method of claim 12, wherein the total purchase price is sum of purchase prices paid to the supplier and the first participant.
18. A system for trading a purchase right to a product of a given type, comprising:
a server system coupled to a plurality of clients via the network, the server system being associated with the product supplier and the clients being associated with product brokers, the server system including an information storage area including:
code for receiving sales information from a first client for a purchase right to a product of a given type being supplied by the supplier, wherein a first product broker associated with the first client has agreed to pay a first purchase price to the supplier for the one or more products in connection with the purchase right;
code for providing information on the sales information to a second client, the information on the sales information being insufficient for a second product broker of the second client to determine the first purchase price but sufficient to enable the second user to determine a total purchase price for the product; and
code for receiving an acceptance of the purchase right from the second product broker based on the information provided on the sales information.
19. A computer readable medium storing information relating to a method for performing a transaction amongst a plurality of participants including a first participant and a second participant, wherein the first and second participants purchase products of a given type from a product supplier at first and second purchase prices, respectively, the first and second prices being different from each other, the medium comprising:
code for receiving a first transaction information from the first participant wishing to perform a transaction in connection with one or more products of the given type with another participant, the first transaction information including at least price information on the one or more products without providing information on the first purchase price associated with the first participant; and
code for receiving a second transaction information from the second participant agreeing to transact with the first participant based on the first transaction information, the second transaction information not providing information on the second purchase price associated with the second participant.
20. The computer medium of claim 19, further comprising:
code for storing the first transaction information in an information receiving unit that is accessible to the plurality of participants;
code for receiving a first information request from the second participant, the first request providing one or more search criteria; and
code for, upon determining that the first transaction information satisfies the search criteria, providing at least a portion of the first transaction information to the second participant,
wherein the information provided to the second participant is sufficient for the second participant to determine a transaction price of the one or more products realized by the second participant but insufficient for the second participant to determine the first purchase price associated with the first participant.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A vibrating element, comprising:
a vibrating body having frequency temperature dependency; and
a temperature characteristic correcting part provided on a surface of the vibrating body, the temperature characteristic correcting part having a temperature characteristic of at least one of a Young’s modulus and a thermal expansion coefficient and being expressed by a temperature characteristic curve, the temperature characteristic curve having at least one of an inflection point and an extremal value, wherein
a temperature of at least one of the inflection point and the extremal value is within an operating temperature range of the vibrating body, and
the vibrating body includes two kinds of the temperature characteristic correcting parts that have different temperatures of at least one of the inflection point and the extremal value from each other.
2. The vibrating element according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of at least one of the inflection point and the extremal value is a Neel temperature.
3. The vibrating element according to claim 1, wherein the temperature characteristic correcting part is made of one of Cr and a Cr alloy.
4. The vibrating element according to claim 1, wherein the temperature difference is generated by a difference of thickness of metal films constituting the temperature correcting parts.
5. The vibrating element according to claim 1, wherein the temperature characteristic correcting parts are made of one of an alloy and a metal mainly contained in the alloy, and
the temperature difference is generated by one of difference between a content rate of mainly-contained metal of the alloy and a content rate of other metal and difference between a thickness of the alloy and a thickness of the mainly contained metal of the alloy.
6. The vibrating element according to claim 1, wherein a main vibration of the vibrating body is a flexural vibration.
7. The vibrating element according to claim 1, wherein a main vibration of the vibrating body is a contour vibration.
8. The vibrating element according to claim 1, wherein an insulation film is interposed between the vibrating body and the temperature characteristic correcting part.
9. A vibrator, comprising: the vibrating element according to claim 1 and a package in which the vibrating element is mounted.
10. A vibrating element, comprising:
a vibrating body having frequency temperature dependency: and
a temperature characteristic correcting part provided on a surface of the vibrating body, the temperature characteristic correcting part having a temperature characteristic of at least one of a Young’s modulus and a thermal expansion coefficient and being expressed by a temperature characteristic curve, the temperature characteristic curve having at least one of an inflection point and an extremal value, wherein
a temperature of at least one of the inflection point and the extremal value is within an operating temperature range of the vibrating body, and
one vibrating body is bonded to an upper surface of the temperature characteristic correcting part formed on a surface of the other vibrating body so as to sandwich the temperature characteristic correcting part by two pieces of temperature characteristic correcting parts.