1. A method of processing at least first and second images of an image flow of an object to determine a relative displacement map of elements of the image flow over a predetermined time interval, the method comprising:
recording a first array of pixel values associated with the first image of the image flow;
recording a second array of pixel values associated with the second image of the image flow;
defining a first plurality of interrogation regions on the first array of pixel values, each of the first plurality of interrogation regions including a first number of pixels indicative of a first resolution at which to correlate the first and second images;
determining a first correlation plane formed from correlations between each of the first plurality of interrogation regions and at least one associated region in the second array of pixel values, the first correlation plane including a maximum correlation value for each of the first plurality of interrogation regions indicating which of the at least one associated regions each of the first plurality of interrogation regions are most highly correlated with;
determining a direction and magnitude associated with each of the maximum correlation values which represents the relative displacement between each of the first interrogation regions and the respective most highly correlated associated region in the second array of pixels over the predetermined time interval;
for each of the determined directions and magnitudes that are resolved, adding each resolved direction and magnitude to the displacement map at a location associated with the respective first interrogation region;
for each of the determined directions and magnitudes that are unresolved, expanding the associated first interrogation region to form a second plurality of interrogation regions, each of the second plurality of interrogation regions having a second number of pixels, greater than the first number of pixels, indicative of a second resolution at which to correlate the first and second images and determining a second correlation plane formed from correlations between each of the second plurality of interrogation regions and one or more associated regions in the second array of pixel values, the second correlation plane including a maximum correlation value for each of the second plurality of interrogation regions indicating which of the at least one associated regions each of the second plurality of interrogation regions are most highly correlated with, and determining a direction and magnitude associated with each of the maximum correlation values which represents the relative displacement between each of the second interrogation regions and the respective most highly correlated associated region in the second array of pixels over the predetermined time interval; and
for each of the determined directions and magnitudes that are resolved, adding each resolved direction and magnitude to the displacement map at a location associated with the respective second interrogation region.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein for each of the determined directions and magnitudes that are unresolved, the method further includes:
expanding the associated second interrogation region to form a third plurality of interrogation regions, each of the third plurality of interrogation regions having a third number of pixels, greater than the second number of pixels, indicative of a third resolution at which to correlate the first and second images.
3. The method of claim 2, further including:
determining a third correlation plane formed from correlations between each of the third plurality of interrogation regions and one or more associated regions in the second array of pixel values, the third correlation plane including a maximum correlation value for each of the third plurality of interrogation regions indicating which of the at least one associated regions each of the third plurality of interrogation regions are most highly correlated with.
4. The method of claim 3, further including:
determining a direction and magnitude associated with each of the maximum correlation values which represents the relative displacement between each of the third interrogation regions and the respective most highly correlated associated region in the second array of pixels over the predetermined time interval.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein expanding the plurality of interrogations regions includes doubling the number of pixels that form each of the plurality of interrogation regions.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein
determining the second correlation plane includes combining corresponding portions of the first correlation plane.
7. The method of claim 3, wherein
determining the third correlation plane includes combining corresponding portions of the second correlation plane.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein expanding the associated first interrogation regions includes grouping at least two interrogation regions of the first plurality of interrogation regions to form one of the second plurality of interrogation regions.
9. The method according to claim 2, wherein expanding the associated first interrogation regions includes grouping at least two interrogation regions of the second plurality of interrogation regions to form one of the third plurality of interrogation regions.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. Dynamic oxidation of hazardous gases comprising:
admitting hazardous gases to a chamber,
heating the gases in the chamber to auto ignition temperatures,
introducing oxygen to the heated gases and auto igniting the hazardous gases with the oxygen,
combusting the hazardous gases and producing non hazardous combustion gaseous products,
cooling the combustion products,
cleaning particulate matter from the combustion products, and
exhausting the cooled and cleaned combustion products.
2. The dynamic oxidation of claim 1, wherein the heating comprises heating the hazardous gases with rods or cylinders extending into the chamber.
3. The dynamic oxidation of claim 2, wherein the rods or cylinders extend partially into the chamber.
4. The dynamic oxidation of claim 1, wherein the introducing oxygen to the heated gases occurs near or at an open end of the chamber.
5. The dynamic oxidation of claim 1, wherein the introducing oxygen to the heated gases occurs in the chamber before an open end of the chamber.
6. The dynamic oxidation of claim 1, wherein the admitting hazardous gas to the chamber further comprises admitting the hazardous gas through multiple inlets near a closed end of the chamber.
7. The dynamic oxidation of claim 1, further comprising adding combustible gases to the chamber.
8. The dynamic oxidation of claim 1, wherein the cooling the combustion products comprises introducing cooling air following the combusting of the hazardous gases.
9. The dynamic oxidation of claim 9, wherein the cleaning particulate matter from the combustion products comprises introducing the cooling air at an angle and creating a vortex in a cyclone separator and collecting particles flung outward from the vortex.
10. The dynamic oxidation of claim 8, further comprising flowing the combustion products and cooling air over a heat exchanger.
11. The dynamic oxidation of claim 8, wherein the cleaning further comprises filtering the combustion products and cooling air through a filter before the exhausting.
12. Dynamic oxidation apparatus comprising:
an inlet for connection to a source of hazardous gases,
a heating chamber connected to the inlet,
heating rods or cylinders mounted in the chamber for heating the hazardous gases to auto ignition temperatures,
a combustion chamber connected to the heating chamber for flowing the heated hazardous gases into the combustion chamber,
an oxygen source connected to the combustion chamber for introducing oxygen to the hazardous gases that have been heated to the auto ignition temperatures and combusting the heated gases in the combustion chamber,
a cooling chamber connected to the combustion chamber for cooling the combusted gases,
a particulate separation chamber connected to the cooling chamber for separating particles from the combusted gases, and an exhaust connected to the separation chamber.
13. The dynamic oxidation apparatus of claim 12, further comprising a heat exchanger jacket on the exhaust for cooling gases in the exhaust.
14. The dynamic oxidation apparatus of claim 12, wherein the cooling chamber and the particulate separation chamber are combined in a cyclone separator connected to the combustion chamber and the exhaust for mixing air with the combustion gases and spinning the combustion gases to accelerate and fling particles centrifugally outward to a collector.
15. The dynamic oxidation apparatus of claim 12, wherein the combustion chamber is continuous with the heating chamber and wherein the heating rods or cylinders terminate at the combustion chamber and wherein the oxygen source is connected laterally to the combustion chamber for introducing oxygen transverse to the auto igniting hazardous gas for complete mixing of the oxygen and hazardous gas.
16. The dynamic oxidation apparatus of claim 12, wherein air is flowed into the cooling chamber transverse to the combustion chamber for complete mixing with the combusted gases for diluting and cooling the combusted gases.
17. The dynamic oxidation apparatus of claim 16, wherein the separation chamber comprises an outer chamber and a star-shaped filter inward from the outer chamber, and wherein the exhaust is connected to a center of the filter, the mixed air and combusted gases flow into the outer chamber, inward through the star-shaped filter and into the exhaust.
18. The dynamic oxidation apparatus of claim 12, further comprising a cooled heat exchanger between the cooling chamber and the particulate separation chamber.
19. The dynamic oxidation apparatus of claim 12, wherein the oxygen source is a pressurized combustion air source and wherein the hazardous gas inlet comprises plural hazardous gas inlets and wherein the cooling chamber has a cooling air inlet.
20. The dynamic oxidation apparatus of claim 19, further comprising a cabinet having openings at the top for the hazard gas inlets, the pressurized combustion air and the cooling air.
21. The dynamic oxidation apparatus of claim 20, further comprising a cylindrical housing, and wherein the heating chamber and the combustion chamber comprise a continuous cylinder, having open upper and lower ends having an upper annular flange connected to the upper end of the cylinder and to the housing and having a recess in the upper annular flange around the open upper end of the chamber, wherein the hazardous gas inlet comprises plural inlet pipes extending through the annular flange to openings in a side of the chamber near the upper end, bolts fixed in the recess and extending upward therefrom, wherein the heating rods or cylinders have upper ends connected to a plate for fitting in the recess and closing the upper end of the continuous cylinder, wherein the plate has holes for receiving the bolts, and securing the plate in the recess, wherein the heating rods or cylinders terminate downward above the open lower end of the cylinder, providing the combustion chamber between the lower open end and the lower ends of the heating rods or cylinders, a lower annular flange extending outward from the open lower end of the cylinder to the cylindrical housing for supporting the continuous cylinder in the housing and forming an upper surface of the cooling chamber, wherein the cooling air inlet is connected to the cylindrical housing below the lower annular flange, and the pressurized combustion air source comprises a valved pipe extending downward in the cabinet external to the cylindrical housing and radially inward through the cylindrical housing to a radial combustion air opening in the combustion chamber.
22. The dynamic oxidation apparatus of claim 21, wherein the cylindrical housing has an upper part and a lower part connected by a quick disconnect clamp, wherein the continuous cylinder and the cooling chamber are in the upper part, and the particulate separation chamber is in the lower part, the separation chamber further comprising an outer annular plenum receiving cooling air and combustion products from the cooling chamber, a complex-shaped filter inward from the annular plenum, upper and lower bypass prevention plates mounted above and below the filter, and wherein the exhaust is connected to a center of the filter.