1. An electronic assembly comprising:
a substrate;
a first integrated circuit package mounted to said substrate;
a first phase change pad including a mesh embedded into a first thermally conductive phase change material, the first phase change pad being coupled to said first integrated circuit package;
a second integrated circuit package mounted to said substrate;
a second phase change pad including a mesh embedded into a second thermally conductive phase change material, the second phase change pad being thicker than the first phase change pad and coupled said second integrated circuit package; and
a thermal element coupled to both said first phase change pad and said second first phase change pad.
2. The assembly of claim 1, wherein said first thermally conductive phase change material and said second thermally conductive phase change material includes a poly-olefin.
3. The assembly of claim 2, wherein said first thermally conductive phase change material and said second thermally conductive phase change material includes a thermally conductive filler material being substantially greater in volume than said poly-olefin.
4. The assembly of claim 1, wherein said first thermally conductive phase change material changes from a solid state to a liquid state at approximately 45 to 50 degrees centigrade.
5. The assembly of claim 1, wherein said substrate has a plurality of conductive pads along an edge of said substrate.
6. An electronic assembly, comprising:
a substrate;
a first integrated circuit package mounted to said substrate;
a second integrated circuit package mounted to said substrate;
a thermal element that is separated from said first integrated circuit package by a first distance and from said second integrated circuit package by a second distance which is greater than the first distance;
a first thermally conductive phase change pad that couples said first integrated circuit package to said thermal element, said first thermally conductive phase change pad includes a first thermally conductive phase change material; and,
a second thermally conductive phase change pad that couples said second integrated circuit package to said thermal element, said second thermally conductive phase change pad includes a second thermally conductive phase change material embedded into a mesh and sized with a thickness greater than a thickness of the first thermally conductive phase change pad.
7. The assembly of claim 6, wherein both said first thermally conductive phase change material and said second thermally conductive phase change material includes a poly-olefin.
8. The assembly of claim 7, wherein said first thermally conductive phase change material and said second thermally conductive phase change material includes a thermally conductive filler material being substantially greater in volume than said poly-olefin.
9. The assembly of claim 6, wherein said first thermally conductive phase change material changes from a solid state to a liquid state at approximately 45 to 50 degrees centigrade.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. An optical wavefront sensing system comprising:
a lenslet array positioned for receiving an incoming wavefront;
means for transforming an image emerging from the lenslet array at a focal plane thereof into a real image; and
means for sensing the transformed image positioned at a final image plane.
2. The system recited in claim 1, wherein the image-transforming means comprises a fiber-optic faceplate positioned to receive the image emerging from the lenslet array at an upstream plane and to transmit the image therethrough to a downstream plane.
3. The system recited in claim 1, further comprising a demagnification relay positioned between the image-transforming means and the sensing means.
4. The system recited in claim 3, wherein the demagnification relay is adapted to reduce the lenslet array focal plane image to a dimension smaller than a dimension of the incoming wavefront.
5. The system recited in claim 3, wherein the demagnification relay comprises a lens.
6. The system recited in claim 3, wherein the demagnification relay comprises a tapered-fiber-optic device comprising a plurality of fiber optics having a first diameter at an upstream plane and a second diameter smaller than the first diameter at a downstream plane.
7. The system recited in claim 6, wherein the fiber optics have a substantially conical shape.
8. The system recited in claim 1, further comprising means for analyzing a wavefront distortion in the sensed image.
9. The system recited in claim 1, wherein the sensing means comprises a charge-coupled-device camera.
10. An optical wavefront sensing system comprising:
a lenslet array positioned for receiving an incoming wavefront;
means for transforming and demagnifying an image emerging from the lenslet array at a focal plane thereof into a real image; and
means for sensing the transformed image positioned at a final image plane.
11. The system recited in claim 10, wherein the image-transforming means comprises a fiber-optic faceplate positioned to receive the image emerging from the lenslet array at an upstream plane and to transmit the image therethrough to a downstream plane.
12. The system recited in claim 10, wherein the transforming and demagnifying means is adapted to reduce the lenslet array focal plane image to a dimension smaller than a dimension of the incoming wavefront.
13. The system recited in claim 10, wherein the transforming and demagnifying means comprises a lens relay.
14. The system recited in claim 10, wherein the transforming and demagnifying means comprises a tapered-fiber-optic device comprising a plurality of fiber optics having a first diameter at an upstream plane and a second diameter smaller than the first diameter at a downstream plane.
15. The system recited in claim 14, wherein the fiber optics have a substantially conical shape.
16. The system recited in claim 10, further comprising means for analyzing a wavefront distortion in the sensed image.
17. The system recited in claim 10, wherein the sensing means comprises a charge-coupled-device camera.
18. A system for determining refractive aberrations of an eye comprising:
means for directing a beam of light onto a cornea of an eye;
a lenslet array positioned for receiving a wavefront reflected from a retina of the eye;
means for transforming an image emerging from the lenslet array at a focal plane thereof into a real image;
means for demagnifying the real image at a final image plane; and
means for sensing and analyzing the demagnified image for determining aberrations from planarity of the reflected wavefronts.
19. The system recited in claim 18, wherein the demagnifying means is adapted to reduce the lenslet array focal plane image to a dimension smaller than a dimension of the image emerging from the lenslet array.
20. The system recited in claim 18, wherein the sensing and analyzing means comprises a charge-coupled-device camera.
21. The system recited in claim 20, wherein the camera comprises a small-active-area camera.
22. A method for sensing an optical wavefront comprising the steps of:
receiving an incoming wavefront using a lenslet array;
transforming an image emerging from the lenslet array at a focal plane thereof into a real image; and
sensing the transformed image positioned at a final image plane.
23. The method recited in claim 22, wherein the image-transforming step comprises receiving the image emerging from the lenslet array at an upstream plane using a fiber-optic faceplate, the image then transmitted therethrough to a downstream plane.
24. The method recited in claim 22, further comprising demagnifying the transformed image prior to the sensing step.
25. The method recited in claim 24, wherein the demagnifying step comprises reducing the lenslet array focal plane image to a dimension smaller than a dimension of the incoming wavefront.
26. The method recited in claim 24, wherein the demagnifying step comprises using a lens.
27. The method recited in claim 24, wherein the demagnifying step comprises using a tapered-fiber-optic device comprising a plurality of fiber optics having a first diameter at an upstream plane and a second diameter smaller than the first diameter at a downstream plane.
28. The method recited in claim 27, wherein the fiber optics have a substantially conical shape.
29. The method recited in claim 22, further comprising the step of analyzing a wavefront distortion in the sensed image.
30. The method recited in claim 22, wherein the sensing step comprises using a charge-coupled-device camera.
31. An optical wavefront sensing method comprising the steps of:
receiving an incoming wavefront using a lenslet array;
transforming and demagnifying an image emerging from the lenslet array at a focal plane thereof into a real image; and
sensing the transformed image positioned at a final image plane.
32. The method recited in claim 31, wherein the image-transforming step comprises receiving the image emerging from the lenslet array at an upstream plane using a fiber-optic faceplate and transmitting the image therethrough to a downstream plane.
33. The method recited in claim 31, wherein the transforming and demagnifying step comprises reducing the lenslet array focal plane image to a dimension smaller than a dimension of the incoming wavefront.
34. The method recited in claim 31, wherein the transforming and demagnifying step comprises using a lens relay.
35. The method recited in claim 31, wherein the transforming and demagnifying step comprises using a tapered-fiber-optic device comprising a plurality of fiber optics having a first diameter at an upstream plane and a second diameter smaller than the first diameter at a downstream plane.
36. The method recited in claim 35, wherein the fiber optics have a substantially conical shape.
37. The method recited in claim 31, further comprising the step of analyzing a wavefront distortion in the sensed image.
38. The method recited in claim 31, wherein the sensing step comprises using a charge-coupled-device camera.
39. A method for determining refractive aberrations of an eye comprising the steps of:
directing a beam of light onto a cornea of an eye;
receiving a wavefront reflected from a retina of the eye using a lenslet array;
transforming an image emerging from the lenslet array at a focal plane thereof into a real image;
demagnifying the real image at a final image plane; and
sensing and analyzing the demagnified image for determining aberrations from planarity of the reflected wavefronts.
40. The method recited in claim 39, wherein the demagnifying step comprises reducing the lenslet array focal plane image to a dimension smaller than a dimension of the image emerging from the lenslet array.
41. The method recited in claim 39, wherein the sensing and analyzing step comprises using a charge-coupled-device camera.
42. The method recited in claim 41, wherein the camera comprises a small-active-area camera.