1. An intelligent gadget for providing a personalization service in a ubiquitous environment, comprising:
a gadget service means for collecting and processing data to provide a personalization service; and
a gadget interface means for forming a gadget network between gadgets and providing a cooperating service based on the collected and processed data.
2. The intelligent gadget of claim 1, wherein the gadget service means provides the personalization service cooperating with an external network.
3. The intelligent gadget of claim 1, wherein the gadget interface means includes:
a gadget network interface for forming a gadget network with a gadget network member;
a gadget network determining unit for determining formation of a gadget network with respect to the gadget network member based on a gadget identification (ID) and a gadget network ID; and
a gadget controlling unit for creating a gadget network based-service based on the processed data between the determined gadget network members.
4. The intelligent gadget of claim 3, wherein the gadget network determining unit determines according to the network ID of the neighboring gadget whether the gadget network to be included is a designated private gadget or a public gadget where the gadget network to be included is not designated.
5. The intelligent gadget of claim 4, wherein the gadget network determining unit forms a network having the private gadget authenticated based on the gadget ID as a member.
6. The intelligent gadget of claim 4, wherein the gadget network determining unit forms a network having the private gadget authenticated based on the gadget ID as a member and including the public gadget.
7. The intelligent gadget of claim 3, wherein the gadget controlling unit performs publishing, inquiring and responding on gadget service control information such that the gadget service provided by the gadget controlling unit can be provided to the gadget network members.
8. The intelligent gadget of claim 3, wherein the gadget controlling unit controls the gadget network member based on the provided gadget service information and gadget service control information.
9. The intelligent gadget of claim 8, wherein the gadget controlling unit determines a gadget attending a specific gadget network based-service based on the gadget service control information exchanged by the gadget network member and forms a logical gadget network with only the gadgets attending the specific gadget network based-service.
10. A method for providing a personalization service by a gadget in a ubiquitous environment, comprising the steps of:
a) when a gadget network is formed based on gadget identification (ID) and network ID of neighboring gadgets, starting own gadget service, exchanging gadget service control information with the neighboring gadgets, and loading a gadget network based-service;
b) creating a new gadget network based-service based on the gadget service control information exchanged with the neighboring gadgets;
c) forming a logical gadget network including only gadgets attending performance of the gadget network based-service when the created gadget network based-service is created; and
d) performing a gadget network based-service through interaction of gadgets based on the logical gadget network.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein the step a) includes the step of:
a1) forming a network with gadgets designated according to the network ID.
12. The method of claim 10, wherein the step a) includes the step of:
a2) forming the network with the gadgets designated according to the network ID and forming a network with gadgets which are not designated to the formed network.
13. The method of claim 10, wherein the step c) includes the steps of:
e) when first and second gadget networks are overlapped, determining whether the network ID designated to the first and second gadget networks is same;
f) when the network ID is same, determining a communication state with the first or second gadget network and trying to joining the gadget networks;
g) when it is determined that an optimal communication state gadget network is the first gadget network, trying to join the first gadget network and performing a user authentication procedure;
h) when it is determined that the first gadget network is a network of another user, trying to join the second gadget network and performing the user authentication procedure; and
i) when it is determined that the second gadget network is the user’s network, joining the second gadget network.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein in the step f), a communication state with the first or second gadget network is determined based on a signal strength, link quality and Packet Error Rate (PER).
15. The method of claim 10, wherein in the step a), the gadget service control information is exchanged with the gadget network members by performing publishing, inquiring and responding.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A transducer structure, comprising:
an upper inner electrode;
an upper outer electrode;
a lower inner electrode;
a lower outer electrode;
a layer of piezoelectric material disposed between the upper electrodes and the lower electrodes;
an upper gap between the upper inner electrode and the upper outer electrode; and
a lower gap between the lower inner electrode and the lower outer electrode, wherein the upper gap and the lower gap are located to substantially coincide with respective inflection points of the transducer structure during oscillation.
2. A transducer structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upper and lower inner electrodes and the upper and lower outer electrodes form plates of capacitors.
3. A transducer structure as claimed in claim 2, wherein the upper electrodes and the lower electrodes are selectively connected to form capacitors in parallel.
4. A transducer structure as claimed in claim 3, further comprising a first contact pad and a second contact pad, wherein the upper electrodes and the lower electrodes are selectively connected to the first and second contact pads to provide the parallel capacitors.
5. A transducer structure as claimed in claim 2, wherein the upper electrodes and the lower electrodes are selectively connected to form capacitors in series.
6. A transducer structure as claimed in claim 5, further comprising a first contact pad and a second contact pad, wherein the upper electrodes and the lower electrodes are selectively connected to the first and second contact pads to provide the series capacitors.
7. A transducer structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inner and outer electrodes are substantially concentric.
8. A transducer structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inner and outer electrodes are substantially circular.
9. A transducer structure as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:
a substrate having a first side and a second side;
a cavity in the substrate from the first side to the second side, wherein the upper and lower electrodes and the piezoelectric layer are disposed over the cavity.
10. A transducer structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upper and lower outer electrodes each comprise a plurality of sections, which are separated by section gaps.
11. A transducer structure as claimed in claim 10, wherein the section gaps are selectively connected to provide capacitors connected in series.
12. A transducer structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inner electrode further comprises a plurality of sections, which are separated by section gaps.
13. A transducer structure, comprising:
an upper annular electrode;
a lower annular electrode; and
a layer of piezoelectric material disposed between the upper and lower electrodes, wherein the upper and the lower annular electrodes each comprise a plurality of sections, which are separated by section gaps located to substantially coincide with respective inflection points of the transducer structure during oscillation.
14. An electronic device comprising:
a transducer structure, which further comprises:
an upper inner electrode;
an upper outer electrode;
a lower inner electrode;
a lower outer electrode;
a layer of piezoelectric material disposed between the upper electrodes and the lower electrodes;
an upper gap between the upper inner electrode and the upper outer electrode; and
a lower gap between the lower inner electrode and the lower outer electrode, wherein the upper gap and the lower gap are located to substantially coincide with respective inflection points of the transducer structure during oscillation.
15. An electronic device as claimed in claim 14, wherein the upper and lower inner electrodes and the upper and lower outer electrodes form plates of capacitors.
16. An electronic device as claimed in claim 15, wherein the upper electrodes and the lower electrodes are selectively connected to form capacitors in parallel.
17. An electronic device as claimed in claim 15, wherein the upper electrodes and the lower electrodes are selectively connected to form capacitors in series.
18. An electronic device as claimed in claim 14, wherein the inner and outer electrodes are substantially concentric.
19. An electronic device as claimed in claim 18, wherein the inner and outer electrodes are substantially circular.
20. An electronic device as claimed in claim 14, wherein the electronic device comprises one or more of: a mobile phone; a portable digital assistant (PDA); a portable video recorder; a portable music recorder; a portable voice recorder; a portable camera; a computer; a remote control; and a laptop computer.
21. An electronic device as claimed in claim 14, wherein the upper electrodes and the lower electrodes are selectively connected to first and second contact pads to provide the series capacitors.
22. An electronic device as claimed in claim 14, wherein the upper electrodes and the lower electrodes are selectively connected to the first and second contact pads to provide the parallel capacitors.