1. An adjustable knucklesteer arm assembly for adjusting a toe curve setting for a wheel of a vehicle having a suspension, comprising:
a knuckle connectable to the wheel; and
a steer arm pivotally connected to the knuckle at a pivot and connectable to a tie rod of the suspension;
wherein one of the knuckle and the steer arm has a slot formed therein and the other has a connector member which engages the slot; and
wherein the steer arm is angularly adjustable with respect to the knuckle via adjustable engagement of the connector member along the slot to enable the toe curve setting for the wheel to be adjusted.
2. The adjustable knucklesteer arm assembly of claim 1, wherein the steer arm has a proximate portion, an intermediate portion, and a distal portion; and wherein the proximate portion forms a hole, the intermediate portion forms the slot, and the distal portion is attachable to a tie rod of a vehicle suspension.
3. The adjustable knucklesteer arm assembly of claim 2, wherein the pivot is a first bolt connected with the hole and the connector member is a second bolt.
4. The adjustable knucklesteer arm assembly of claim 3, further comprising a sleeve disposed between the steer arm and the first bolt.
5. The adjustable knucklesteer arm assembly of claim 1, wherein an angular position of the steer arm with respect to the knuckle is selectively adjustable over a predetermined range of angular positions.
6. The adjustable knucklesteer arm assembly of claim 5, wherein one of the knuckle and the steer arm has a scale for determining the angular position of the steer arm with respect to the knuckle.
7. The adjustable knucklesteer arm assembly of claim 6, wherein the scale is a vernier scale.
8. A vehicle having a suspension including an adjustable knucklesteer arm assembly, comprising:
a wheel;
a tie rod of the suspension;
a knuckle connected to the wheel; and
a steer arm connected to the tie rod and pivotally connected to the knuckle at a pivot;
wherein one of the knuckle and the steer arm has a slot formed therein and the other has a connector member which engages the slot; and
wherein the steer arm is angularly adjustable with respect to the knuckle via adjustable engagement of the connector member along the slot to enable a toe curve setting for the wheel to be adjusted.
9. The vehicle of claim 8, wherein the steer arm has a proximate portion, an intermediate portion, and a distal portion; and wherein the proximate portion forms a hole, the intermediate portion forms the slot, and the distal portion is connected to the tie rod.
10. The vehicle of claim 9, wherein the pivot is a first bolt connected with the hole and the connector member is a second bolt.
11. The vehicle of claim 10, further comprising a sleeve disposed between the steer arm and the first bolt.
12. The vehicle of claim 8, wherein an angular position of the steer arm with respect to the knuckle is selectively adjustable over a predetermined range of angular positions.
13. The vehicle of claim 12, wherein one of the knuckle and the steer arm has a scale for determining the angular position of the steer arm with respect to the knuckle.
14. The vehicle of claim 13, wherein the scale is a vernier scale.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A method of forming a metal line, comprising:
forming a channel layer on a base substrate;
forming a metal layer on the formed channel layer;
forming a photoresist pattern in a wiring area of the metal layer;
etching the metal layer by using the photoresist pattern to form a metal line;
removing a predetermined thickness of the photoresist pattern to form a residual photoresist pattern on the metal line;
etching the channel layer by using the metal line to form an undercut under the metal line and to cause a portion of the metal line to protrude relative to the channel layer; and
removing the protruding portion of the metal line by using the residual photoresist pattern.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the channel layer is isotropically dry etched.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the undercut has a length of about 0.5 \u03bcm to about 1 \u03bcm.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the protruding portion of the metal line is removed through a dry etching process.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the residual photoresist pattern is formed on the metal line to expose an edge portion of the metal line, and a length of the undercut is longer than or equal to a length of the exposed edge portion.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the exposed edge portion has a length of less than or equal to about 0.5 \u03bcm.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein the undercut has a length of about 0.5 \u03bcm to about 1 \u03bcm.
8. The method of claim 5, wherein the protruding portion of the metal line is removed through a dry etching process.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the residual photoresist pattern is formed on the metal line to expose an edge portion of the metal line, and wherein the exposed edge portion has a length of less than or equal to about 0.5 \u03bcm, and the undercut has a length of about 0.5 \u03bcm to about 1 \u03bcm.
10. A method of manufacturing a display substrate, comprising:
forming a channel layer on a base substrate, the substrate having a gate line and a gate electrode of a switching element;
forming a source metal layer on the formed channel layer;
forming a first photoresist pattern on the source metal layer in a source line area and a first area, wherein a source electrode and a drain electrode of the switching element is formed in the first area;
forming a second photoresist pattern on the source metal layer in a second area, wherein a channel portion of the switching element is formed in the second area;
patterning the source metal layer by using the first and second photoresist patterns to form an electrode metal pattern in the first and second areas and a source line in the source line area;
forming a residual photoresist pattern on the electrode metal pattern of the first area, and removing the first and second photoresist patterns by a predetermined thickness to expose the electrode metal pattern in the second area;
etching the channel layer by using the electrode metal pattern and the source line to form undercuts under the electrode metal pattern and the source line;
etching the electrode metal pattern in the second area to form the source electrode and the drain electrode; and
forming a pixel electrode electrically connected to the drain electrode of the switching element.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein the first photoresist pattern has an inclined angle of about 60 degrees to about 90 degrees with respect to the base substrate.
12. The method of claim 11, wherein the second photoresist pattern has a thickness of about 5000 \u212b.
13. The method of claim 10, wherein the residual photoresist pattern is formed on the electrode metal pattern and the source line to expose edge portions of the electrode metal pattern and the source line, and a length of the undercuts is greater than or equal to a length of the edge portions.
14. The method of claim 10, wherein the channel layer is isotropically dry etched.
15. The method of claim 10, further comprising removing protruding portions of the electrode metal pattern and the source line by using the residual photoresist pattern, the protruding portions protruding in relation to the undercuts.
16. The method of claim 15, wherein the protruding portion of the electrode metal pattern is removed through a dry etching process.
17. The method of claim 10, wherein forming the source electrode and the drain electrode comprises selectively etching the channel layer by using the source electrode and the drain electrode to form the channel portion.
18. The method of claim 10, wherein forming the pixel electrode comprises:
forming a protective insulation layer on the base substrate having the switching element;
removing the protective insulation layer by using a third photoresist pattern to form a contact portion corresponding to the drain electrode;
forming a transparent electrode layer making contact with the drain electrode through the contact portion; and
patterning the transparent electrode layer by using a fourth photoresist pattern to form the pixel electrode.
19. The method of claim 10, further comprising forming the gate line, the gate electrode and a storage line on the base substrate.
20. The method of claim 19, wherein forming the pixel electrode comprises:
forming a protective insulation layer on the base substrate having the switching element;
forming a third photoresist pattern on areas having the switching element, the gate line and the source line;
removing a portion of the protective insulation layer corresponding to an area that has the pixel electrode and includes an end portion of the drain electrode by using the third photoresist pattern;
forming a transparent electrode layer on the base substrate having a remaining portion of the protective insulation layer; and
removing the third photoresist pattern and patterning the transparent electrode layer to form the pixel electrode to make contact with the end portion of the drain electrode.
21. The method of claim 20, wherein forming the third photoresist pattern comprises forming a fourth photoresist pattern that covers the storage line, the fourth photoresist pattern being thinner than the third photoresist pattern.
22. The method of claim 21, further comprising removing the fourth photoresist pattern prior to forming the transparent electrode layer.
23. The method of claim 20, further comprising simultaneously:
forming a cover metal pattern covering the storage line with the source line; and
removing the cover metal pattern with the protective insulation layer.
24. The method of claim 10, wherein the residual photoresist pattern is formed on the metal pattern and the source line to expose edge portions of the electrode metal pattern and the metal line, and wherein each of the exposed edge portions has a length of less than or equal to about 0.5 \u03bcm, and each of the undercuts has a length of about 0.5 \u03bcm to about 1 \u03bcm.