1. A method for determining an analyte concentration in a sample, comprising:
generating an output signal responsive to a concentration of an analyte in a sample and an input signal;
determining a compensated output signal from the output signal in response to a primary function and a first residual function; and
determining the analyte concentration in the sample from the compensated output signal.
2. The method of claim 1, where the primary function includes an index function, where the index function is a slope-based function.
3. The method of claim 1, where the primary function includes a complex index function, the complex index function including
at least one term having an hematocrit error parameter, and
at least one term having a temperature error parameter.
4. The method of claim 3, where the complex index function includes a first term and a second term, where the first and the second terms are each modified by a complex index function term weighing coefficient, the first and the second terms each include an error parameter, and the error parameters are independently selected from intermediate output signal values and values external to the output signal.
5. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
converting the output signal with a conversion function including at least one reference correlation prior to determining the compensated output signal.
6. The method of claim 5, further comprising determining the at least one reference correlation with a reference instrument in a controlled environment prior to determining the analyte concentration in the sample
7. The method of claim 1, further comprising adjusting a compensation provided by the first residual function with a first weighing coefficient, where the first weighing coefficient is responsive to a compensation provided by the primary function.
8. The method of claim 7, further comprising:
determining the compensated output signal from the output signal in response to a second residual function.
9. The method of claim 8, further comprising:
adjusting a compensation provided by the second residual function with a second weighing coefficient, where the second weighing coefficient is responsive to the compensation provided by the first residual function.
10. The method of claim 1, where the primary function compensates at least 50% of the total error in the output signal.
11. The method of claim 1, where the primary function is determined from at least one controlled environment test case prior to determining the analyte concentration in the sample.
12. The method of claim 1, where the first residual function substantially compensates errors not compensated by the primary function.
13. The method of claim 1, where the first residual function compensates at least 5% of the total error in the output signal.
14. The method of claim 1, where the first residual function compensates error arising substantially from operating condition errors.
15. The method of claim 14, where the first residual function is determined from at least one self-testing test case prior to determining the analyte concentration in the sample.
16. The method of claim 1, where the first residual function is determined prior to determining the analyte concentration in the sample by a residual function determination method.
17. The method of claim 16, where the residual function determination method comprises:
selecting multiple error parameters as potential terms in the first residual function;
determining a first exclusion value for the potential terms;
applying an exclusion test responsive to the first exclusion value for the potential terms;
identifying one or more of the potential terms for exclusion from the first residual function; and
excluding one or more identified potential terms from the first residual function.
18. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining if a test sensor is filled more than once with the sample before the output signal is generated; and
determining the compensated output signal from a different first residual function if the test sensor is filled more than once.
19. The method of claim 1, where the sample is a whole blood sample and the analyte is glucose, and where the determining the analyte concentration in the sample from the compensated output signal reduces the slope of a correlation plot representing hematocrit sensitivity in whole blood to \xb10.4 or less when the whole blood sample has a hematocrit level from about 30% to about 55%.
20. The method of claim 1, where the analyte concentration is determined from at least a forty sample self-testing test case, where the test case has a measurement performance of at least one of
at least 85% of the determined analyte concentrations are within a \xb110% percent bias limit,
at least 95% of the determined analyte concentrations are within a \xb18% percent bias limit, and
at least 60% of the determined analyte concentrations are within a \xb15% percent bias limit.
21. The method of claim 1, where the analyte concentration is determined from at least a 5,000 sample test case, where the test case is at least one of a self-testing test case and a health care professional test case, where the test case uses test sensors from between two and 45 test sensor lots, where the test case has a measurement performance of at least one of
the determined analyte concentrations have an average percent bias standard deviation value of less than five,
at least 90% of the determined analyte concentrations are within a \xb110% percent bias, and
the determined analyte concentrations have a mean percent bias spread within about \xb112%.
22. The method of claim 1, where the analyte concentration lacks at least 60% of the total error of the output signal.
23. The method claim 1, where a mean percent bias of the analyte concentrations determined from the compensated output signal from different lots of test sensors is at least 47% less than a mean percent bias determined from the output signal for analyte concentrations determined from the different lots of test sensors.
24. The method of claim 1, further comprising reducing to \xb15% or less the difference between analyte concentrations determined from test sensors stored for four weeks at \u221220\xb0 C. and analyte concentrations determined from test sensors stored for four weeks at 50\xb0 C.
25. The method of claim 18, where 90% or more of the determined analyte concentrations are within a \xb110% percent bias limit when the test sensors are filled more than once with the sample before the output signal is generated.
26. A biosensor system, for determining an analyte concentration in a sample, comprising:
a test sensor having a sample interface in electrical communication with a reservoir formed by the test sensor; and
a measurement device having a processor connected to a sensor interface through a signal generator, the sensor interface having electrical communication with the sample interface, and the processor having electrical communication with a storage medium,
where the processor instructs the signal generator to apply an electrical input signal to the sensor interface,
where the processor determines an output signal responsive to the input signal and the concentration of the analyte in the sample from the sensor interface,
where the processor compensates at least 50% of the total error in the output signal with a primary function,
where the processor compensates at least 5% of the remaining error in the output signal with a first residual function,
where the processor determines a compensated output signal, and
where the processor determines an analyte concentration in a sample from the compensated output signal.
27-39. (canceled)
40. A method for determining an analyte concentration in a sample, comprising:
generating an output signal responsive to a concentration of an analyte in a sample and an input signal;
compensating the output signal with a primary function and a first residual function; and
determining the analyte concentration in the sample from a compensated output signal.
41-42. (canceled)
43. A method of determining a desired residual function for compensating an analyte concentration of a sample, comprising:
generating an output signal responsive to a concentration of an analyte in a sample;
selecting multiple error parameters as potential terms in a residual function, the error parameters describing at least a portion of the total error in the output signal;
determining a first exclusion value for the potential terms;
applying an exclusion test responsive to the first exclusion value for the potential terms;
identifying one or more of the potential terms for exclusion from the residual function;
excluding one or more identified potential terms from the residual function; and
determining a desired residual function.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A monitoring system for monitoring a predetermined location, comprising:
an entire image display portion for storing in a storage unit image data derived from a first camera unit capable of taking images from different imaging directions, and position information associated with each set of image data, said entire image display portion displaying either compressed images of said image data having been compressed from said first camera unit or compressed images of said image data read from said storage unit and then being compressed, at a position based on position information associated with a set of said displayed image data, with the position information of a respective set of image data being assembled therein;
a specified image display portion for deriving moving image data from a second camera unit capable of taking images from changeable directions and displaying said moving image data; and
a movement range image display portion for storing in a storage unit image data, derived from different positions from said first camera unit over all image-taking directions in a maximum movement range thereof, with position information associated with each set of said image data derived from different positions from said first camera unit over all image-taking directions in a maximum movement range thereof, said third image display portion displaying either compressed images of said image data derived from the first camera unit over all image-taking directions in a maximum movement range thereof having been compressed from said first camera unit or compressed images of said image data derived from the first camera unit over all image-taking directions in a maximum movement range thereof read from said storage unit and then being compressed, at a position based on associated position information, with the position information of a respective set of said image data sets derived from the first camera unit over all image-taking directions in a maximum movement range thereof being assembled therein,
wherein a predetermined range is selected with a first indicating display and superimposed on said entire image display portion, and said moving image data is derived within said predetermined range,
wherein the movement range image display portion does not display all images from the first camera unit that are within the movement range, the movement range image display portion displays only particular images within the movement range the particular images selected from the group consisting of images showing four sides of the movement range, images showing the four corners of the movement range, and images showing the four corners and center of the movement range, and
wherein the movement range image display portion, the entire image display portion, and the specified image display portion are displayed simultaneously in mutually different regions that do not overlap one another.
2. The monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein display information of a range indicated by a second indicating display superimposed on said movement range image display portion is displayed on said entire image display portion.
3. The monitoring system according to claim 2, wherein, while selection is being made with said first or second indicating displays, and during the time from said selection until starting of image-taking of said selected range, image data within said predetermined range selected with said first or second indicating displays is read out from said storage unit and displayed on said specified or entire image display portion.
4. The monitoring system according to claim 2, wherein, upon selection of an arbitrary point on said entire or movement range image display portion, said first or second indicating displays are superimposed on said entire or movement image display portion according to said selected arbitrary point.
5. A monitoring method for monitoring a predetermined location, comprising:
a step for storing in a storage unit image data, derived from a first camera unit capable of taking images from different imaging directions, and position information associated with each set of image data;
a step for displaying an entire image display portion, either compressed images of said image data having been compressed from said first camera unit or compressed images of said image data read from said storage unit and then being compressed, at a position based on position information associated with a set of said displayed image data, with the position information of a respective set of image data being assembled therein;
a step for deriving moving image data from a second camera unit capable of taking images from changeable directions;
a step for displaying said moving image data on a specified image display portion; and
a step of using a movement range image display portion for storing in a storage unit image data, taken of different positions with said first camera unit over all image-taking directions in the maximum movement range thereof, with position information attached to each set of image data taken over all image-taking directions in the maximum movement range, and displaying in the movement range image display portion either compressed images of said taken image data derived from the first camera unit over all image-taking directions in a maximum movement range thereof having been compressed from the first camera or compressed images of said image data derived from the first camera unit over all image-taking directions in a maximum movement range thereof stored in said storage unit having been compressed, at a position based on corresponding position information of a respective set of said set of image data derived from the first camera unit over all image-taking directions in a maximum movement range thereof being assembled therein,
wherein a predetermined range is selected with a first indicating display and superimposed on said entire image display portion, and said moving image data is derived within said predetermined range
wherein the movement range image display portion does not display all images from the first camera unit that are within the movement range, the third image display portion displays only particular images within the movement range the particular images selected from the group consisting of images showing four sides of the movement range, images showing the four corners of the movement range, and images showing the four corners and center of the movement range, and
wherein the movement range image display portion, the entire image display portion, and the specified image display portion are displayed simultaneously in mutually different regions that do not overlap one another.
6. The monitoring system according to claim 5,
wherein an image of a range indicated by a second indicating display superimposed on said movement range image display portion is displayed on said entire image display portion.
7. The monitoring method according to claim 6, wherein, while selection is being made with said first or second indicating displays, and during the time from selection with said first or second indicating displays until starting of image-taking of said selected desired range, image data within said predetermined range selected with said first or second indicating displays is read out from said storage unit and displayed on said specified or entire image display portions.
8. The monitoring method according to claim 6, wherein, upon an arbitrary point on said entire or movement range image display portion being selected, said first or second indicating displays are superimposed on said entire movement range image display portion according to said selected arbitrary point.
9. A computer-readable medium encoded with a program for causing a computer to execute a monitoring method for monitoring a predetermined location by:
storing in a storage unit image data, derived from a first camera unit capable of taking images from different imaging directions, and position information associated with each set of image data;
displaying on an entire image display portion, either compressed images of said image data having been compressed from said first camera unit or compressed images of said image data read from said storage unit and then being compressed, at a position based on position information associated with a set of said displayed image data, with the position information of a respective set of image data being assembled therein;
deriving moving image data from a second camera unit capable of taking images from changeable directions;
displaying said moving image data on a specified image display portion; and
using a movement range image display portion for storing in a storage unit image data, taken of different positions with said first camera unit over all image-taking directions in the maximum movement range thereof, with position information attached to each set of image data taken over all image-taking directions in the maximum movement range, and displaying in the movement range image display portion either compressed images of said taken image data derived from the first camera unit over all image-taking directions in a maximum movement range thereof having been compressed from the first camera or compressed images of said image data derived from the first camera unit over all image-taking directions in a maximum movement range thereof stored in said storage unit having been compressed, at a position based on corresponding position information of a respective set of said set of image data derived from the first camera unit over all image-taking directions in a maximum movement range thereof being assembled therein,
wherein a predetermined range is selected with a first indicating display and superimposed on said entire image display portion, and said moving image data is derived within said predetermined range,
wherein the movement range image display portion does not display all images from the first camera unit that are within the movement range, the movement range image display portion displays only particular images within the movement range the particular images selected from the group consisting of images showing four sides of the movement range, images showing the four corners of the movement range, and images showing the four corners and center of the movement range, and
wherein the movement range image display portion, the entire image display portion, and the specified image display portion are displayed simultaneously in mutually different regions that do not overlap one another.