1. A method of making a cased wellbore comprising at least the steps of:
assembling a lower segment of a drill string comprising in sequence from top to bottom a first hollow segment of drill pipe, a latching subassembly means, a directional drilling means, and a rotary drill bit having at least one mud passage for passing drilling mud from the interior of the drill string to the outside of the drill string;
periodically halting rotary drilling, introducing into said wellbore a directional surveying means to determine the direction of the wellbore being drilled, and thereafter removing said directional surveying means from said wellbore;
rotary drilling the well into the earth in a desired direction to a predetermined depth with the drill string by attaching successive lengths of hollow drill pipes to said lower segment of the drill string and by circulating mud from the interior of the drill string to the outside of the drill string during rotary drilling so as to produce a wellbore;
after said predetermined depth is reached, pumping a latching float collar valve means down the interior of the drill string with drilling mud until it seats into place within said latching subassembly means;
pumping a bottom wiper plug means down the interior of the drill string with cement until the bottom wiper plug means seats on the upper portion of the latching float collar valve means so as to clean the mud from the interior of the drill string;
pumping any required additional amount of cement into the wellbore by forcing it through a portion of the bottom wiper plug means and through at least one mud passage of the drill bit into the wellbore;
pumping a top wiper plug means down the interior of the drill string with water until the top wiper plug seats on the upper portion of the bottom wiper plug means thereby cleaning the interior of the drill string and forcing additional cement into the wellbore through at least one mud passage of the drill bit;
allowing the cement to cure;
thereby cementing into place the drill string to make a cased welbore.
2. Rotary drilling apparatus to drill a borehole into the earth comprising a hollow drill string possessing directional drilling means comprising a jet deflection bit having at least one mud passage for passing the drilling mud from within the hollow drill string to the borehole, a source of drilling mud, a source of cement, and at least one latching float collar valve means that is pumped with the drilling mud into place above the jet deflection bit to install said latching float collar means within the hollow drill string above said jet deflection bit that is used to cement the drill string and said jet deflection bit into the earth during one pass into the formation of the drill string to make a steel cased well.
3. A method of directional drilling a well from the surface of the earth and cementing a drill string into place within a wellbore to make a cased well in a formation using an apparatus having at least a hollow drill string attached to a rotary drill bit, the drill bit having at least one mud passage to convey drilling mud from the interior of the drill string to the wellbore, a source of drilling mud, a source of cement, and at least one latching float valve, comprising:
pumping the latching float valve from the surface of the earth through the hollow drill string with drilling mud so as to seat the latching float valve above the drill bit; and
pumping cement through the seated latching float valve to cement the drill string and rotary drill bit into place within the wellbore.
4. A method for drilling and casing a wellbore, comprising:
providing a drill string and an earth removal member operatively connected to the drill suing, at least a portion of the drill string comprising casing;
drilling the wellbore using the drill string;
using the casing portion to line the wellbore;
pumping a latching float valve from the surface of the earth through the drill string with drilling mud so as to seat the latching float valve above the earth removal member, wherein the earth removal member possesses at least one mud passage to convey drilling mud from the interior of the drill string to the wellbore; and
pumping cement through the seated latching float valve to cement the drill string and the earth removal member into place within the wellbore.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the earth removal member comprises a drill bit.
6. The method of claim 4, further comprising performing logging of a surrounding geological formation.
7. The method of claim 4, further comprising curing the cement under hydrostatic conditions.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein curing the cement under hydrostatic conditions comprises:
pumping a first wiper plug through the drill string; and
pumping a second wiper plug through the drill string.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A method for providing targeted questions to a user of a social networking system, the method comprising:
providing a question interface to the user of the social networking system for display, the question interface comprising a plurality of selectable topics, each selectable topic associated with one or more tags stored by the social networking system;
receiving a selection of a topic in the question interface from the user;
retrieving profile information related to the user, the profile information including the user’s tag affinities;
selecting questions based on tags related to the selected topic;
sorting the questions based on the user’s affinities for the tags; and
providing one or more of the sorted questions in the question interface for display to the user.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein selecting questions based on tags related to the selected topic further comprises:
selecting questions based on tags hierarchically under the tag corresponding to the selected topic.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein selecting questions based on tags related to the selected topic further comprises:
selecting questions based on tags corresponding to the user’s tag affinities.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the profile information further includes a history of the user’s interactions with questions on the social networking system and wherein selecting questions based on tags related to the selected topic further comprises:
determining a frequency of interaction for each of at least one past tag associated with the history of the user’s interactions with questions on the social networking system; and
selecting questions based on the past tags with a frequency of interaction that meets a predetermined threshold.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the profile information further includes the user’s connections’ tag affinities and wherein selecting questions based on tags related to the selected topic further comprises selecting questions based on tags corresponding to the user’s connections’ tag affinities.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein sorting the questions based on a model utilizing the user’s tag affinities further comprises:
for each of the questions, determining a score for the question by combining the user’s tag affinities for the tags associated with the question; and
ordering the questions by the corresponding scores from highest score to lowest score.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein sorting the questions based on a model utilizing the user’s tag affinities further comprises:
for each of the questions, determining a score for the question by combining the user’s tag affinities for the tags associated with the question and the user’s connections’ tag affinities for the tags associated with the question; and
ordering the questions by the corresponding scores from highest score to lowest score.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the profile information further includes a history of the user’s interactions with questions on the social networking system and wherein sorting the questions based on a model utilizing the user’s tag affinities further comprises:
determining a frequency of interaction with past tags associated with the history of the user’s interactions with questions on the social networking system;
for each of the questions, determining a score for the question by the frequency of interaction with the past tags; and
ordering the questions by the corresponding scores from highest score to lowest score.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the profile information further includes a time lapse measurement for the duration of time elapsed since the user last interacted with a question related to the selected topic and wherein sorting the questions based on a model utilizing the user’s tag affinities further comprises:
comparing the time lapse measurement to an average time lapse measurement for the selected topic;
determining an adjustment for the selected topic based on the comparison;
for each of the questions, determining a score for the question by combining the user’s tag affinities for the tags associated with the question;
applying the adjustment to the scores for the questions associated with the selected topic; and
ordering the questions by the corresponding scores from highest score to lowest score.
10. A method for providing questions in an interface to a user of a social networking system, the method comprising:
retrieving profile information related to the user, the profile information including the user’s tag affinities;
selecting questions based on tags related to the user’s tag affinities;
sorting the questions based on a model utilizing the user’s tag affinities; and
providing the highest sorted question in the interface for display to the user.
11. The method of claim 10, further comprising:
receiving an answer to the question in the interface from the user;
modifying the profile information related to the user to indicate affinities for the tags associated with the question; and
storing the answer on the social networking system.
12. The method of claim 10, further comprising:
receiving a selection of a link in the interface that indicates the user directing the question to a connected user of the social networking system; and
providing the question to the connected user in a separate interface for display within the social networking system.
13. The method of claim 10, wherein selecting questions based on tags related to the user’s tag affinities further comprises:
determining a similarity index value of the user; and
selecting questions answered by other users of the social networking system having the similarity index value.
14. The method of claim 10, further comprising:
determining a trustworthiness value of the user from the received profile information; and
responsive to the trustworthiness value meeting a predetermined threshold, providing the question in the interface for display to the user.
15. The method of claim 10, wherein the user represents a page on the social networking system and answers the question on behalf of the page.
16. The method of claim 10, wherein the question polls other users of the social networking system and returns an answer interface displaying responses.
17. The method of claim 10, wherein providing the highest sorted question in the interface for display to the user further comprises:
embedding the interface in an external website associated with the social networking system; and
providing the question in the embedded interface with selectable links to direct the user to the social networking system.
18. The method of claim 10, wherein providing the highest sorted question in the interface for display to the user further comprises:
embedding the interface in a third party application associated with the social networking system; and
providing the question in the embedded interface with selectable links to direct the user to the social networking system.
19. The method of claim 10, wherein providing the highest sorted question in the interface for display to the user further comprises:
displaying the interface as an instant message associated with the social networking system; and
providing the question in the instant message with selectable links to direct the user to the social networking system.
20. The method of claim 10, wherein providing the highest sorted question in the interface for display to the user further comprises:
providing the interface as an advertisement associated with the social networking system; and
providing the question in the advertisement with selectable links to direct the user to the social networking system.