1. A micro-current electrolysis sterilization algaecide device, comprising a solution conductivity detector arranged in the inlet pipe of the tank, at least a group of electrodes arranged in the tank in accordance with the order of anode, auxiliary electrode and cathode, and a controller used to judge the conductance value and control the electrode polarity and the circuit connection; the controller comprises a judging unit, used to determine the conductance value and trigger the corresponding seawater electrolysis-model unit, fresh water electrolysis-model unit and pole-reversing electrolysis-model unit according to the results; the seawater electrolysis-model unit, used to conduct the circuit connections of the anode and cathode, and shut off the circuit connections of auxiliary electrode after receiving trigger signals;
The fresh water electrolysis-model unit, used to, after receiving trigger signals, convert the polarity of the cathode into anode, the polarity of the auxiliary electrode into cathode, and conduct the circuit connections of the anode without change of polarity, the anode converted from cathode and the cathode converted from auxiliary electrode;
The pole-reversing model unit, used to judge if the operating frequency and operating hour of the device exceed the threshold, then convert the polarity of the auxiliary electrode into anode, conduct the circuit connections of anode converted from the auxiliary electrode and cathode without change of polarity, and shut off the circuit connections of anode without change of polarity.
2. For the device defined in claim 1, the electrodes in the electrode group are flaky or tubular electrodes.
3. For the device defined in claim 2, the device also comprises an ultrasonic generator and an ultrasonic reflector arranged at both ends of the tank; the ultrasonic generator comprises at least an ultrasonic energy converter; the group of electrodes is positioned between the ultrasonic generator and the ultrasonic reflector.
4. For the device defined in claim 3, in case the electrode is a flaky electrode, the ultrasonic reflector is of triangular prism or circular arc shape, with the edge of the prism or arc protruding towards the ultrasonic generator; in case the electrode is a tubular electrode, the ultrasonic reflector is of tapered shape, with the tip facing the ultrasonic generator.
5. For the device defined in claim 4, in case the electrode is a tubular electrode, the electrodes and ultrasonic energy converters are arranged concentrically.
6. For the devices defined in either of claims 1-5, the detector is an inductive conductivity sensor or a conductivity transducer.
7. For the devices defined in either of claims 1-6, the anode takes either metallic titanium or titanium alloy as the substrate, onto which at least either of Pt, Ir, Ru, Rh, Pd, Os or oxide comprising Pt, Ir, Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, as well as oxide comprising at least Ta or Ti, are coated to form DSA.
8. For the devices defined in either of claims 1-7, the auxiliary electrode and cathode take either metallic titanium or titanium alloy as the substrate, onto which oxide comprising at least either of Ta or Ti is coated.
9. For the devices defined in either of claims 3-8, the ultrasonic reflector is made of at least either of plastics, metallic titanium, titanium alloy, stainless steel, carbon steel or copper alloy.
10. For the devices defined in either of claims 1-9, the device also comprises a potentiometer or a residual chlorine electrode and a residual chlorine transducer arranged in the outlet pipe of the tank for detection of the chlorinity in electrolyzed solution; the electrolysis units adjust the electrolysis current and voltage according to the chlorinity.
11. For the devices defined in either of claims 1-10, the micro-current electrolysis sterilization algaecide device is applied to sterilization algaecide in seawater or fresh water.
12. A sterilization algaecide method for water bodies using micro-current electrolysis, comprising:
1) Detect the conductivity of the water body;
2) Send the conductance value to the judging unit;
3) Judge the conductance value;
4) Trigger the seawater electrolysis-model unit, fresh water electrolysis-model unit or pole-reversing electrolysis-model unit of the controller according to the results, so as to control the polarity and circuit connections of anode, auxiliary electrode and cathode in water bodies.
13. For the method defined in claim 12, in case the seawater electrolysis-model unit is operated, the circuit connections of the anode and cathode are conducted, and the circuit connections of auxiliary electrode are shut off.
14. For the method defined in claim 12, in case the fresh water electrolysis-model unit is operated, the polarity of cathode is converted into anode and the polarity of auxiliary electrode into cathode, the circuit connections of the anode without change of polarity, the anode converted from cathode and the cathode converted from auxiliary electrode are conducted.
15. For the method defined in claim 12, in case the pole-reversing model unit is operated, in case the operating frequency and operating hour of the device exceed the threshold, the polarity of said auxiliary electrode is converted into anode, the circuit connections of anode converted from auxiliary electrode and cathode without change of polarity are conducted, and the circuit connections of anode without change of polarity are shut off.
16. For the methods defined in either of claims 12-15, the water body is seawater or fresh water.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. An apparatus comprising:
a multi-stage optical amplifier to amplify a wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) optical signal including a plurality of optical signals each of which has different wavelength, the plurality of optical signals being transmitted through associated signal channels, the multi-stage optical amplifier including
a first amplifier amplifying the WDM optical signal,
a dispersion compensator compensating dispersion given to the amplified WDM optical signal and outputting a dispersion compensated WDM optical signal, and
a second amplifier amplifying the dispersion compensated WDM optical signal,
wherein channel spacing between a pair of adjacent signal channels is set to an integer multiple of a minimum channel spacing defined in terms of an optical frequency or an optical wavelength.
2. An apparatus as in claim 1, wherein the first and second amplifiers are erbium doped optical fiber amplifiers.
3. An apparatus as in claim 1, wherein the dispersion compensator is a dispersion compensation fiber.
4. An apparatus as in claim 1, wherein the first and second amplifiers have a combined gain to output the dispersion compensated WDM optical from the second amplifier at a power level sufficient to be received by an apparatus downstream of the second amplifier.
5. An apparatus comprising:
a multi-stage optical amplifier to amplify a wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) optical signal including a plurality of optical signals each of which has different wavelength, the plurality of optical signals being transmitted through associated signal channels, the multi-stage optical amplifier including
a first amplifier amplifying the WDM optical signal,
a dispersion compensator providing dispersion compensation to the amplified WDM optical signal, and
a second amplifier amplifying the WDM optical signal provided with dispersion compensation by the dispersion compensator, wherein channel spacing between a pair of adjacent signal channels is set to an integer multiple of a minimum channel spacing defined in terms of an optical frequency or an optical wavelength.
6. An apparatus as in claim 5, wherein the first and second amplifiers are erbium doped fiber amplifiers.
7. An apparatus as in claim 5, wherein the first dispersion compensator is a dispersion compensation fiber.
8. An apparatus as in claim 5, wherein the first and second amplifiers have a combined gain so that the WDM optical signal is output from the second amplifier at a power level sufficient to be received by an apparatus downstream of the second amplifier.
9. An apparatus comprising:
a multi-stage optical amplifier to amplify a wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) optical signal including a plurality of optical signals each of which has different wavelength, the plurality of optical signals being transmitted through associated signal channels, the multi-stage optical amplifier including
a dispersion compensator providing dispersion compensation to the WDM optical signal,
a first amplifier positioned upstream of the dispersion compensator, and
a second amplifier positioned downstream of the dispersion compensator, wherein
a combined gain of the first and second amplifiers is sufficient to compensate a loss in the dispersion compensator and to output the WDM optical signal from the second amplifier with an output power for transmission downstream of the second amplifier, and
channel spacing between a pair of adjacent signal channels is set to an integer multiple of a minimum channel spacing defined in terms of an optical frequency or an optical wavelength.
10. An apparatus as in claim 9, wherein the dispersion compensator is a dispersion compensation fiber.
11. An apparatus as in claim 9, wherein the first and second amplifiers are erbium doped fiber amplifiers.
12. An apparatus comprising:
a multi-stage optical amplifier to amplify a wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) optical signal including a plurality of optical signals each of which has different wavelength, the plurality of optical signals being transmitted through associated signal channels, the multi-stage optical amplifier including
a dispersion compensator providing dispersion compensation to the plurality of optical signals,
a first amplifier positioned upstream of the dispersion compensator, and
a second amplifier positioned downstream of the dispersion compensator, wherein a combined gain of the first and second amplifiers is sufficient to compensate a loss in the dispersion compensator and to output the plurality of optical signals from the second amplifier at output power for transmission downstream of the second amplifier,
wherein channel spacing between a pair of adjacent signal channels is set to an integer multiple of a minimum channel spacing defined in terms of an optical frequency or an optical wavelength.
13. An apparatus as in claim 12, wherein the dispersion compensator is a dispersion compensation fiber.
14. An apparatus as in claim 13, wherein the first and second amplifiers are erbium doped fiber amplifiers.
15. An optical transmission system comprising:
a multiplexer wavelength-division-multiplexing a plurality of optical signals, each having a different wavelength and being transmitted thorough an associated signal channel, into a multiplexed optical signal, and outputting the multiplexed optical signal to an optical fiber;
a multi-stage optical amplifier, optically coupled to the optical fiber, including
a first amplifier amplifying the multiplexed optical signal from the optical fiber,
a dispersion compensator providing dispersion compensation to the amplified multiplexed optical signal to thereby output a dispersion compensated multiplexed optical signal, and
a second amplifier amplifying the dispersion compensated multiplexed optical signal to thereby output an amplified, dispersion compensated multiplexed optical signal; and
a demultiplexer wavelength division-demultiplexing the amplified, dispersion compensated multiplexed optical signal into respective optical signals,
wherein channel spacing between a pair of adjacent signal channels is set to an integer multiple of a minimum channel spacing defined in terms of an optical frequency or an optical wavelength.
16. An optical transmission system as in claim 15, wherein a combined gain of the first and second amplifiers is sufficient to compensate a loss in the dispersion compensator and to output the amplified, dispersion compensated multiplexed optical signal from the second amplifier at an output power for transmission downstream of the multi-stage optical amplifier.
17. An optical transmission system comprising:
an optical transmitter outputting a wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) optical signal to an optical fiber, the WDM optical signal including a plurality of optical signals transmitted through associated signal channels, each of the plurality of optical signals having different wavelength;
a multi-stage optical amplifier, optically coupled to the optical fiber, including
a first amplifier amplifying the WDM optical signal received from the optical fiber,
a dispersion compensator providing dispersion compensation to the amplified WDM optical signal to thereby output a dispersion compensated WDM optical signal, and
a second amplifier amplifying the dispersion compensated WDM optical signal to thereby output an amplified, dispersion compensated WDM optical signal from the multi-stage optical amplifier; and
an optical receiver receiving the amplified, dispersion compensated WDM optical signal output from the multi-stage optical amplifier,
wherein channel spacing between a pair of adjacent signal channels is set to an integer multiple of a minimum channel spacing defined in terms of an optical frequency or an optical wavelength.
18. An optical transmission system as in claim 17, wherein the first and second amplifiers have a combined gain so that the amplified, dispersion compensated WDM optical signal is output from the multi-stage optical amplifier at a power level sufficient to be received by the receiver.