1.-16. (canceled)
17. An apparatus for a hill training stationary portable bicycle trainer comprising:
a rod coupled to a front fork andor a front wheel of a bicycle and movable within a plane to adjust an elevation of the front fork andor the front wheel of the bicycle and to thereby adjust an orientation of the bicycle to at least one of an inclined orientation or a declined orientation,
wherein movement of the rod within the plane causes corresponding movement of the front fork andor the front wheel of the bicycle within the plane to adjust the elevation of the front fork andor the front wheel of the bicycle, and
wherein the movement of the rod is not parallel to the corresponding movement of the front fork andor the front wheel.
18. The apparatus of claim 17, further comprising a slider, slidably supported by a surface, wherein the rod comprises a connecting rod that links the slider to the front fork andor the front wheel of the bicycle, and wherein force applied to the slider causes the slider to slide along the surface and causes the movement of the connecting rod, altering an angle of the connecting rod and the slider relative to the surface, and operating to raise or lower the front fork andor the front wheel of the bicycle.
19. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the surface is a part of a housing containing all or part of the slider.
20. The apparatus of claim 17, the rod further comprising a mount configured to couple to the front fork andor the front wheel of the bicycle, the mount integrally formed with the rod.
21. The apparatus of claim 17, the rod further comprising a mount configured to couple to the front fork andor the front wheel of the bicycle, the mount removably coupled with the rod.
22. The apparatus of claim 17, further comprising:
a crank; and
a pivot,
wherein the rod comprises a coupler that links the crank to the front fork or the front wheel of the bicycle through the pivot, and wherein torque applied to the crank alters an angle between the crank and the coupler, causing the front fork andor the front wheel of the bicycle to raise or lower.
23. The apparatus of claim 17, further comprising:
a slider; and
a pivot,
wherein the slider operatively connects the rod to the front fork andor the front wheel of the bicycle and, wherein the rod is operatively connected to the pivot such that torque applied to the rod causes the rod to rotate about the pivot such that the slider is raised or lowered, thereby raising or lowering the front fork andor the front wheel of the bicycle.
24. The apparatus of claim 17, further comprising a computer control panel configured to:
calculate an effective translational velocity of a cyclist operating the bicycle; and
determine an instantaneous elevation of the front fork andor the front wheel of the bicycle to simulate cycling on a particular hill.
25. The apparatus of claim 24, wherein the computer control panel is mounted on a handle bar of the bicycle.
26. An apparatus for a hill training stationary portable bicycle trainer comprising:
a rod coupled to a rear fork andor a rear wheel of a bicycle and movable within a plane to adjust an elevation of the rear fork andor the rear wheel of the bicycle and to thereby adjust an orientation of the bicycle to at least one of an inclined orientation or a declined orientation,
wherein movement of the rod within the plane causes corresponding movement of the rear fork andor the rear wheel of the bicycle within the plane to adjust the elevation of the rear fork andor the rear wheel of the bicycle, and
wherein the movement of the rod is not parallel to the corresponding movement of the rear fork andor the rear wheel.
27. The apparatus of claim 26, further comprising a slider, slidably supported by a surface, wherein the rod comprises a connecting rod that links the slider to the rear fork andor the rear wheel of the bicycle, and wherein force applied to the slider causes the slider to slide along the surface and causes the movement of the connecting rod, altering an angle of the connecting rod and the slider relative to the surface, and operating to raise or lower the rear fork andor the rear wheel of the bicycle.
28. The apparatus of claim 26, the rod further comprising a mount configured to couple to the rear fork andor the rear wheel of a bicycle, the mount integrally formed with the rod.
29. The apparatus of claim 26, the rod further comprising a mount configured to couple to the rear fork andor the rear wheel of a bicycle, the mount removably coupled with the rod.
30. The apparatus of claim 26, further comprising:
a crank; and
a pivot,
wherein the rod comprises a coupler that links the crank to the rear fork andor the rear wheel of the bicycle through the pivot, and wherein torque applied to the crank alters an angle between the crank and the coupler, causing the rear fork andor the rear wheel of the bicycle to raise or lower.
31. The apparatus of claim 26, further comprising:
a slider; and
a pivot,
wherein the slider operatively connects the rod to the rear fork andor the rear wheel of the bicycle and, wherein the rod is operatively connected to the pivot such that torque applied to the rod causes the rod to rotate about the pivot such that the slider is raised or lowered, thereby raising or lowering the rear fork andor the rear wheel of the bicycle.
32. The apparatus of claim 26, further comprising a computer control panel configured to:
calculate an effective translational velocity of a cyclist operating the bicycle; and
determine an instantaneous elevation of the rear fork andor the rear wheel of the bicycle to simulate cycling on a particular hill.
33. The apparatus of claim 32, wherein the computer control panel is mounted on a handle bar of the bicycle.
34. A method of adjusting an elevation of a front or back end of a bicycle comprising moving a rod within a plane to adjust the elevation of the front or back end of the bicycle and to thereby adjust an orientation of the bicycle to at least one of an inclined orientation or a declined orientation, wherein the rod and the front or back end of the bicycle are linked and wherein movement of the rod within the plane: (i) causes corresponding movement of the front or back end of the bicycle within the plane to adjust the elevation of the front or back end of the bicycle, and (ii) is not parallel to the corresponding movement of the front or back end of the bicycle.
35. The method of claim 34 further comprising providing resistance to the back hub andor wheel of the bicycle.
36. The method of claim 34 further comprising determining the effective translational velocity of the bicycle.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
What is claimed is:
1. Scanning optics comprising:
first optics for coupling a light beam issuing from a light source;
second optics for condensing the light beam output from said first optics substantially in a form of a line elongate in a main scanning direction;
a deflector including reflection faces, which adjoin a position where the light beam is condensed in the form of a line, for deflecting said light beam with said reflection faces; and
third optics for condensing the light beam deflected by said deflector toward a surface to be scanned to thereby form a beam spot on said surface for optically scanning said surface;
wherein said third optics includes at least one focusing element formed of resin;
said second optics includes at least one focusing element formed of resin and at least one focusing element formed of glass,
at least one surface of said second optics comprises a non-arcuate auxiliary surface non-arcuate in a section in a subscanning direction, and
among said focusing elements of said second optics, a focusing element through which the light beam output from said first optics is transmitted with a maximum diameter in the subscanning direction comprises said at least one non-arcuate auxiliary surface.
2. The scanning optics as claimed in claim 1, wherein said third optics includes said at least one arcuate auxiliary surface.
3. The scanning optics as claimed in claim 1, wherein among said focusing elements of said second optics, a surface of the focusing element through which the light beam output from said first optics is transmitted with the maximum diameter in the subscanning direction comprises said at least one non-arcuate auxiliary surface.
4. The scanning optics as claimed in claim 3, wherein said second optics comprises two lenses formed of resin and a single lens formed of glass,
said two lenses formed of resin adjoin said first optics and have negative power in the subscanning direction,
said single lens formed of glass adjoins said deflector and has positive power in the subscanning direction, and
at least one of said two lenses formed of resin has power in the main scanning direction opposite to power of said focusing element of said third optics formed of resin in the main scanning direction.
5. The scanning optics as claimed in claim 4, wherein one of said two lenses formed of resin has a concave, spherical input surface and a concave, cylindrical output surface and adjoins said first optics,
the other of said two lenses comprises a cylindrical lens having negative power in the subscanning direction, and
said single lens formed of glass comprises a toroidal lens having positive power in the main and subscanning directions and is positioned closer to said deflector than said cylindrical lens and has a non-arcuate auxiliary input surface.
6. The scanning optics as claimed in claim 5, wherein said third optics includes said at least one non-arcuate auxiliary surface.
7. The scanning optics as claimed in claim 1, wherein said second optics comprises two lenses formed of resin and a single lens formed of glass,
said two lenses formed of resin adjoin said first optics and have negative power in the subscanning direction,
said single lens formed of glass adjoins said deflector and has positive power in the subscanning direction, and
at least one of said two lenses formed of resin has power in the main scanning direction opposite to power of said focusing element of said third optics formed of resin in the main scanning direction.
8. The scanning optics as claimed in claim 7, wherein one of said two lenses formed of resin has a concave, spherical input surface and a concave, cylindrical output surface and adjoins said first optics,
the other of said two lenses comprises a cylindrical lens having negative power in the subscanning direction, and
said single lens formed of glass comprises a toroidal lens having positive power in the main and subscanning directions and is positioned closer to said deflector than said cylindrical lens and has a non-arcuate auxiliary input surface.
9. The scanning optics as claimed in claim 8, wherein said third optics includes said at least one non-arcuate auxiliary surface.
10. Scanning optics comprising:
first optics for coupling a light beam issuing from a light source;
second optics for condensing the light beam output from said first optics substantially in a form of a line elongate in a main scanning direction;
a deflector including reflection faces, which adjoin a position where the light beam is condensed in the form of a line, for deflecting said light beam with said reflection faces; and
third optics for condensing the light beam deflected by said deflector toward a surface to be scanned to thereby form a beam spot on said surface for optically scanning said surface;
wherein said third optics includes at least one focusing element formed of resin;
said second optics includes at least one focusing element formed of resin and at least one focusing element formed of glass,
at least one surface of said second optics comprises a non-arcuate auxiliary surface non-arcuate in a section in a subscanning direction, and
among said focusing elements of said second optics, a focusing element formed of resin through which the light beam output from said first optics is transmitted with a maximum diameter in the subscanning direction comprises said at least one non-arcuate auxiliary surface.
11. The scanning optics as claimed in claim 10, wherein said third optics includes said at least one non-arcuate auxiliary surface.
12. The scanning optics as claimed in claim 10, wherein among said focusing elements of said second optics, a surface of the focusing element through which the light beam output from said first optics is transmitted with the maximum diameter in the subscanning direction comprises said at least one non-arcuate auxiliary surface.
13. The scanning optics as claimed in claim 10, wherein said second optics comprises two lenses formed of resin and a single lens formed of glass,
said two lenses formed of resin adjoin said first optics and have negative power in the subscanning direction,
said single lens formed of glass adjoins said deflector and has positive power in the subscanning direction, and
at least one of said two lenses formed of resin has power in the main scanning direction opposite to power of said focusing element of said third optics formed of resin in the main scanning direction.
14. The scanning optics as claimed in claim 13, wherein one of said two lenses formed of resin has a concave, spherical input surface and a concave, cylindrical output surface and adjoins said first optics,
the other of said two lenses comprises a cylindrical lens having negative power in the subscanning direction and having a non-arcuate auxiliary output surface, and said single lens formed of glass comprises a toroidal lens having positive power in the main and subscanning directions and is positioned closer to said deflector than said cylindrical lens.
15. The scanning optics as claimed in claim 14, wherein among said focusing elements of said second optics, a surface of the focusing element through which the light beam output from said first optics is transmitted with the maximum diameter in the subscanning direction comprises said at least one non-arcuate auxiliary surface.
16. The scanning optics as claimed in claim 10, wherein said second optics comprises two lenses formed of resin and a single lens formed of glass,
said two lenses formed of resin adjoin said first optics and have negative power in the subscanning direction,
said single lens formed of glass adjoins said deflector and has positive power in the subscanning direction, and
at least one of said two lenses formed of resin has power in the main scanning direction opposite to power of said focusing element of said third optics formed of resin in the main scanning direction.
17. The scanning optics as claimed in claim 16, wherein one of said two lenses formed of resin has a concave, spherical input surface and a concave, cylindrical output surface and adjoins said first optics,
the other of said two lenses comprises a cylindrical lens having negative power in the subscanning direction and having a non-arcuate auxiliary output surface, and
said single lens formed of glass comprises a toroidal lens having positive power in the main and subscanning directions and is positioned closer to said deflector than said cylindrical lens.
18. The scanning optics as claimed in claim 17, wherein said third optics includes said at least one non-arcuate auxiliary surface.
19. In an optical scanning device including scanning optics that couples a light beam issuing from a light source with first optics, condenses a coupled light beam with second optics substantially in a form of a line elongate in a main scanning direction, deflects a condensed light beam with a deflector including reflection faces, which adjoin a position where said light beam is condensed in the form of a line, and then condenses a deflected light beam toward a surface to be scanned with third optics to thereby form a beam spot on said surface for thereby optically scanning said surface, said third optics includes at least one focusing element formed of resin,
said second optics includes at least one focusing element formed of resin and at least one focusing element formed of glass,
at least one surface of said second optics comprises a non-arcuate auxiliary surface non-arcuate in a section in a subscanning direction, and
among said focusing elements of said second optics, a focusing element through which the light source output from said first optics is transmitted with a maximum diameter in the subscanning direction comprises said at least one non-arcuate auxiliary surface.
20. In an optical scanning device including scanning optics that couples a light beam issuing from a light source with first optics, condenses a coupled light beam with second optics substantially in a form of a line elongate in a main scanning direction, deflects a condensed light beam with a deflector including reflection faces, which adjoin a position where said light beam is condensed in the form of a line, and then condenses a deflected light beam toward a surface to be scanned with third optics to thereby form a beam spot on said surface for thereby optically scanning said surface, said third optics includes at least one focusing element formed of resin, said second optics includes at least one focusing element formed of resin and at least one focusing element formed of glass,
at least one surface of said second optics comprises a non-arcuate auxiliary surface non-arcuate in a section in a subscanning direction, and
among said focusing elements of said second optics, a focusing element formed of resin through which the light beam output from said first optics is transmitted with a maximum diameter in the subscanning direction comprises said at least one non-arcuate auxiliary surface.
21. In an image forming apparatus including an optical scanning device for scanning an image carrier, said optical scanning device comprising scanning optics that couples a light beam issuing from a light source with first optics, condenses a coupled light beam with second optics substantially in a form of a line elongate in a main scanning direction, deflects a condensed light beam with a deflector including reflection faces, which adjoin a position where said light beam is condensed in the form of a line, and then condenses a deflected light beam toward a surface of said image carrier with third optics to thereby form a beam spot on said surface for thereby optically scanning said surface, said third optics includes at least one focusing element formed of resin,
said second optics includes at least one focusing element formed of resin and at least one focusing element formed of glass,
at least one surface of said second optics comprises a non-arcuate auxiliary surface non-arcuate in a section in a subscanning direction, and
among said focusing elements of said second optics, a focusing element through which the light beam output from said first optics is transmitted with a maximum diameter in the subscanning direction comprises said at least one non-arcuate auxiliary surface.
22. The apparatus as claimed in claim 21, wherein said image carrier comprises a photoconductive element, and said optical scanning device forms a latent image on said photoconductive element.
23. In an image forming apparatus including an optical scanning device for scanning an image carrier, said optical scanning device comprising scanning optics that couples a light beam issuing from a light source with first optics, condenses a coupled light beam with second optics substantially in a form of a line elongate in a main scanning direction, deflects a condensed light beam with a deflector including reflection faces, which adjoin a position where said light beam is condensed in the form of a line, and then condenses a deflected light beam toward a surface of said image carrier with third optics to thereby form a beam spot on said surface for thereby optically scanning said surface, said third optics includes at least one focusing element formed of resin;
said second optics includes at least one focusing element formed of resin and at least one focusing element formed of glass,
at least one surface of said second optics comprises a non-arcuate auxiliary surface non-arcuate in a section in a subscanning direction, and
among said focusing elements of said second optics, a focusing element formed of resin through which the light beam output from said first optics is transmitted with a maximum diameter in the subscanning direction comprises said at least one non-arcuate auxiliary surface.
24. The apparatus as claimed in claim 23, wherein said image carrier comprises a photoconductive element, and said optical scanning device forms a latent image on said photoconductive element.