1. Fastening plate (1) for fastening a component (2) on a printed circuit board (3),
having means arranged at printed circuit board fastening points for rigid fastening of the printed circuit board (3) to be arranged at one side of the fastening plate (1) and
having means arranged at component fastening points for rigid fastening of the component (2) to be arranged at one side of the printed circuit board (3) sic,
said fastening plate (1) comprising an incision (4) that parts the direct connection between a printed circuit board fastening point and a neighboring component fastening point.
2. Fastening plate according to claim 1, whereby the means for rigid fastening of the printed circuit board (3) are pins (5) projecting from the plane of the printed circuit board.
3. Fastening plate according to claim 1 or 2, whereby the means for rigid fastening of the component (2) are weld surfaces (6) suitable for welding a metal on.
4. Fastening plate according to according to claim 1 through 3 that is electrically conductive.
5. Fastening plate according to claim 1 through 4 that is composed of metal.
6. Fastening plate according to claim 1 through 5 that is spring-elastic.
7. Fastening plate according to claim 1 through 6 wherein the incision (4) proceeds from the edge of the fastening plate (1).
8. Fastening plate according to claim 1 through 7, whereby the incision (4) proceeds in the direction toward the center of gravity (7) of the fastening plate (1).
9. Fastening plate according to claim 1 through 8, whereby the incision (4) forms a planar recess (80 in the fastening plate (1).
10. Fastening plate according to claim 1 through 9, whereby the incision (4) is free of corners.
11. Fastening plate according to claim 1 through 10 that comprises the shape of a circular disk.
12. Fastening plate according to claim 11 that comprises a center hole (9).
13. Fastening plate according to claim 1 through 12 that comprises a plurality of incisions (4) that part all direct connections between a printed circuit board fastening point and a component fastening point.
14. Fastening plate according to claim 1 through 13 that comprises a damping element (10) for mechanical oscillations at that side at which the component (2) is to be arranged.
15. Fastening plate according to claim 1 through 14, that comprises a damping element (10) for mechanical oscillations at that side at which the printed circuit board (3) is to be arranged.
16. Fastening arrangement having a fastening plate (1) according to one of the claims 1 through 15, having a component (2) and having a printed circuit board (3),
whereby the printed circuit board (3) is arranged at one side of the fastening plate (1) and is rigidly connected to the fastening plate (10 at printed circuit board fastening points;
whereby the component (2) is arranged at one side of the fastening plate (1) and is rigidly connected to the fastening plate (1) at fastening plate fastening points; and
whereby the fastening plate (1) comprises an incision (4) that parts the direct connection between a printed circuit board fastening point and a neighboring component fastening point.
17. Fastening arrangement according to claim 16, whereby the fastening plate (1) presses a damping element (10) for mechanical oscillations onto the printed circuit board (3).
18. Fastening arrangement according to claim 16 or 17, whereby the component (2) presses a damping element (10) for mechanical oscillations onto the fastening plate (1).
19. Fastening arrangement according to claim 16 through 18, whereby the component (2) comprises a metal housing (11) that is welded to the fastening plate (1); and whereby the fastening plate (1) is soldered to the printed circuit board (3) by means of pins (5).
20. Fastening arrangement according to claim 19, whereby the component (2) comprises a contact pin (12) that projects through a center hole (9) in the fastening plate (1) and is soldered to the printed circuit board (3).
21. Employment of the fastening plate according to claim 1 through 15 for fastening a capacitors on a circuit board (3) that is provided for installation in the immediate proximity of the internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A geosynthetic tufted drain barrier (GTDB) for preventing vertical migration of gases and fluids, constraining soil particles, providing drainage, and retaining granular materials with predefined permeability, comprising:
a) a single, substantially impermeable continuous layer having a plurality of tufted tensile elements integral thereto, at least a portion of said plurality of tufted tensile elements having a predetermined length and gauge spacing co-dependent on the thickness and gradation of filler material, thickness of GTDB, angle and length of slope on which said GTDB is disposed, and amount of liquid in-plane flow;
b) a membrane having at least one of the group of attachment stated: liquid applied onto, laminated, and integrated with, said substantially impermeable continuous layer; and
c) filler material proximate said plurality of tufted tensile elements and partially constrained thereby, said filler material for facilitating draining and being selected from the group: sand, stone, gravel, rubber, boiler slag, asphalt, recycled concrete, recycled rubber tires, recycled glass, and expansive minerals.
2. The GTDB for preventing vertical migration of gases and fluids, constraining soil particles, providing drainage, and retaining granular materials with predefined permeability of claim 1, wherein the permeability of said membrane is no greater than 10\u22124 cmsec.
3. The GTDB for preventing vertical migration of gases and fluids, constraining soil particles, providing drainage, and retaining granular materials with predefined permeability of claim 2, wherein said membrane is at least 5 mils (0.13 mm) thick and comprises at least one of the group: polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyurethane, PVC, rubber, asphalt, bitumen, synthetic, polymeric and mineral sealant or impermeable barrier.
4. The GTDB for preventing vertical migration of gases and fluids, constraining soil particles, providing drainage, and retaining granular materials with predefined permeability of fluids of claim 2, wherein said membrane has a horizontal permeability of at least 10\u22124 cmsec.
5. The GTDB for preventing vertical migration of gases and fluids, constraining soil particles, providing drainage, and retaining granular materials with predefined permeability of claim 1, wherein said substantially impermeable layer is chosen from the group: woven, non-woven, knitted geogrids, plastic geogrids, piped geosynthetics, and other synthetics.
6. The GTDB for preventing vertical migration of gases and fluids, constraining soil particles, providing drainage, and retaining granular materials with predefined permeability of claim 5, wherein the tensile strength of said substantially impermeable layer is at least 5 lbslineal ft (3.0 kglineal m) in either the machine or cross machine direction and a tuft bind force of at least approximately 1 lb (0.5 kg).
7. The GTDB for preventing vertical migration of gases and fluids, constraining soil particles, providing drainage, and retaining granular materials with predefined permeability of claim 5, wherein said plurality of tufted tensile elements of said substantially impermeable layer has a density of at least 25 tufted tensile elements per square foot (30 square cm).
8. The GTDB for preventing vertical migration of gases and fluids, constraining soil particles, providing drainage, and retaining granular materials with predefined permeability of claim 7, wherein said tufted tensile elements are formed from said substantially impermeable layer in rows and are disposed at a density of at least four rows per foot (30 cm).
9. The GTDB for preventing vertical migration of gases and fluids, constraining soil particles, providing drainage, and retaining granular materials with predefined permeability of claim 8, wherein said tufted tensile elements are produced in rows of at least one of the group of configurations: parallel to the machine direction of the roll and perpendicular to the machine direction thereof, adjacent rows being at least one of the group: aligned with one another and offset with one another.
10. The GTDB for preventing vertical migration of gases and fluids, constraining soil particles, providing drainage, and retaining granular materials with predefined permeability of claim 9, wherein spacing between said rows of tufted tensile elements is filled with at least one element from the group: sand, stone, recycled concrete, recycled glass, rubber, other natural materials, and other synthetic materials with permeability no less than 10\u22126 cmsec and a thickness of between approximately \u215b\u2033 (0.32 cm) and 6\u2033 (15 cm).
11. The GTDB for preventing vertical migration of gases and fluids, constraining soil particles, providing drainage, and retaining granular materials with predefined permeability of claim 1, wherein said expansive materials comprise at least one of the group: volclays, kaolinite, bentonite, and bentonite derivatives.
12. The GTDB for preventing vertical migration of gases and fluids, constraining soil particles, providing drainage, and retaining granular materials with predefined permeability of claim 1, further comprising:
d) substantially impermeable seams for connecting adjacent panels of said GTDB to one another to achieve a permeability of no more than 10\u22124 cmsec.
13. The GTDB for preventing vertical migration of gases and fluids, constraining soil particles, providing drainage, and retaining granular materials with predefined permeability of claim 12, wherein said substantially impermeable seams are constructed by at least one of the group: sewing, welding, taping, bonding, and sealing with synthetic or mineral materials to achieve a permeability of no greater than 10\u22124 sec.
14. The GTDB for preventing vertical migration of gases and fluids, constraining soil particles, providing drainage, and retaining granular materials with predefined permeability of claim 1, wherein the height of said tufted tensile elements is selected to increase storage capacity of surface liquids and as a function of slope length.
15. The GTDB for preventing vertical migration of gases and fluids, constraining soil particles, providing drainage, and retaining granular materials with predefined permeability of claim 1, wherein the impermeable barrier is proximate a polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), or polymeric core element comprising a geosynthetic element having a plurality of porous media constructed and arranged to form a plurality of interconnected transmission paths.
16. The GTDB for preventing vertical migration of gases and fluids, constraining soil particles, providing drainage, and retaining granular materials with predefined permeability of claim 1, wherein the tufted tensile elements and infill form a composite system and resist loss of infill to achieve no more than 750 tonsperacreyear of infill from erosive forces.
17. The GTDB for preventing vertical migration of gases and fluids, constraining soil particles, providing drainage, and retaining granular materials with predefined permeability of claim 1, wherein said tufted tensile elements further comprise an upper surface chosen from the group: gabion mesh, reno mattress mesh, metal fence, plastic grid, woven geotextile, non-woven geotextile, and other tensile mattress.
18. The GTDB for preventing vertical migration of gases and fluids, constraining soil particles, providing drainage, and retaining granular materials with predefined permeability of claim 1, wherein said drainage further comprises the minimization of the erosive forces utilizing said impermeable layer, said tensile elements, and said infill to restrain drainage to said upper surface of said substantially impermeable continuous layer.
19. A geosynthetic tufted drain barrier (GTDB) for preventing vertical migration of gases and fluids, constraining soil particles, providing drainage, and retaining granular materials with predefined permeability, comprising:
a) a single, substantially impermeable continuous layer having an upper surface and a lower surface having a plurality of tufted tensile elements integral thereto, at least a portion of said plurality of tufted tensile elements having a predetermined length and gauge spacing dependent on the thickness and gradation of filler material, thickness of GTDB, angle and length of slope on which said GTDB is disposed, and amount of liquid in-plane flow;
b) a logo, letter, or symbol disposed on said upper surface of said substantially impermeable continuous layer; and
c) filler material proximate said plurality of tufted tensile elements and partially constrained thereby, said filler material for facilitating draining and being selected from the group: sand, stone, gravel, rubber, boiler slag, asphalt, recycled concrete, recycled rubber tires, recycled glass, and expansive minerals.
20. The GTDB for preventing vertical migration of gases and fluids, constraining soil particles, providing drainage, and retaining granular materials with predefined permeability of claim 19, wherein said logo, letter, or symbols is created by at least one of the group: seaming, welding, sewing, painting, and connecting.
21. The GTDB for preventing vertical migration of gases and fluids, constraining soil particles, providing drainage, and retaining granular materials with predefined permeability of claim 19, wherein said tufted tensile elements further comprise an upper surface chosen from the group: gabion mesh, reno mattress mesh, metal fence, plastic grid, woven geotextile, non-woven geotextile, and other tensile mattress.