1. Modular internal combustion engine comprising an engine housing with a crankshaft drive having at least one reciprocating piston in a cylinder, which acts on a crankshaft by means of a connecting rod, and a variable-speed gear box connected to the crankshaft via a disengaging clutch, and a gearbox output train which connects to at least one drive shaft of a vehicle, wherein the internal combustion engine is provided with least one main module including the subassemblies engine housing, crankshaft drive, variable-speed gearbox, and gearbox output train, and at least one auxiliary module attachable to the main module, and wherein no mechanical connection between the variable-speed gearbox and the gearbox output train is provided within the main module but a rotational connection is facilitated by attaching a first auxiliary module to the main module, wherein the variable-speed gearbox includes an output shaft and the gearbox output train includes a secondary input shaft, wherein the first auxiliary module includes a gear step between the output shaft and the secondary input shaft, and wherein an axis distance of the gear step corresponds to an axis distance between the output shaft and the secondary input shaft.
2. Internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the main module includes the crankshaft.
3. Internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the first auxiliary module has the same housing wall in all gear variants.
4. Internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein a second auxiliary module with an output gear for a power take-off shaft can be attached to a gear shaft of the variable-speed gearbox.
5. Internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein a third auxiliary module with a shiftable reverse gear for the variable-speed gearbox can be attached to the main module.
6. Internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein a fourth auxiliary module with a differential gear for the gearbox output train can be attached to the main module.
7. Internal combustion engine according to claim 6, wherein a fifth auxiliary module with an output driving gear for the gearbox output train can be attached to the main module or the fourth auxiliary module.
8. Internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein a sixth auxiliary module with a centrifugal clutch can be attached to the main module at the input side of the variable-speed gearbox.
9. Internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the main module includes an engine housing configured for one cylinder or an engine housing for two cylinders.
10. Internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein at least five shafts are positioned in one and the same plane.
11. Internal combustion engine according to claim 10, wherein at least crank shaft, balancer shaft, first gearbox shaft, second gearbox shaft and first secondary shaft are positioned in one and the same plane.
12. Internal combustion engine according to claim 10, wherein the plane is a first partitioning plane between two housing parts.
13. Internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the main module can be used for at least two types of vehicles from the group of motor-rickshaws, ATVs, small tractors and micro-cars.
14. Modular internal combustion engine comprising an engine housing with a crankshaft drive having at least one reciprocating piston in a cylinder, which acts on a crankshaft by means of a connecting rod, and a variable-speed gear box connected to the crankshaft via a disengaging clutch, and a gearbox output train which connects to at least one drive shaft of a vehicle, wherein the internal combustion engine is provided with least one main module including the subassemblies engine housing, crankshaft drive, variable-speed gearbox, and gearbox output train, and at least one auxiliary module attachable to the main module, and wherein no mechanical connection between the variable-speed gearbox and the gearbox output train is provided within the main module but a rotational connection is facilitated by attaching a first auxiliary module to the main module, wherein at least five shafts are positioned in one and the same plane.
15. Internal combustion engine according to claim 14, wherein the main module includes the crankshaft.
16. Internal combustion engine according to claim 14, wherein the first auxiliary module contains at least one gear step.
17. Internal combustion engine according to claim 14, wherein the axis distance of the gear step corresponds to the axis distance between an output shaft of the variable-speed gearbox and a secondary input shaft of the gearbox output train.
18. Internal combustion engine according to claim 14, wherein the first auxiliary module has the same housing wall in all gear variants.
19. Internal combustion engine according to claim 14, wherein a second auxiliary module with an output gear for a power take-off shaft is attached to a gear shaft of the variable-speed gearbox.
20. Internal combustion engine according to claim 14, wherein a third auxiliary module with a shiftable reverse gear for the variable-speed gearbox is attached to the main module.
21. Internal combustion engine according to claim 14, wherein a fourth auxiliary module with a differential gear for the gearbox output train is attached to the main module.
22. Internal combustion engine according to claim 21, wherein a fifth auxiliary module with an output driving gear for the gearbox output train is attached to the main module or the fourth auxiliary module.
23. Internal combustion engine according to claim 14, wherein a sixth auxiliary module with a centrifugal clutch is attached to the main module at the input side of the variable-speed gearbox.
24. Internal combustion engine according to claim 14, wherein the main module includes an engine housing configured for one cylinder or an engine housing for two cylinders.
25. Internal combustion engine according to claim 14, wherein at least crank shaft, balancer shaft, first gearbox shaft, second gearbox shaft and first secondary shaft are positioned in one and the same plane.
26. Internal combustion engine according to claim 14, wherein the plane is a first partitioning plane between two housing parts.
27. Internal combustion engine according to claim 14, wherein the main module can be used for at least two types of vehicles from the group of motor-rickshaws, ATVs, small tractors and micro-cars.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. Apparatus for penetrating a cavern at a lower end of a well bore in a subsurface formation wherein the diameter of the cavern is greater than that of the well bore, said apparatus comprising:
means for penetrating said cavern, said means including an elongated projectile assembly having a projectile member disposed in said assembly and an explosive charge behind said projectile member, said projectile assembly being of a length greater than the diameter of said well bore but less than the diameter of said cavern;
a suspension member including means for advancing said suspension member through said well bore, said projectile assembly pivotally mounted externally of said suspension member for extension alongside said suspension member;
means for pivoting said projectile assembly between a first position extending substantially parallel to a longitudinal axis of the well bore and a second position substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the well bore; and
means for detonating said explosive charge whereby to discharge said projectile member into a wall of said cavern.
2. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said projectile member includes an elongated metal rod.
3. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein a pair of said projectile members are in end-to-end relation and said explosive charge therebetween.
4. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said detonating means includes an ignition member and an igniter wire running from said explosive charge to a surface above said well bore.
5. Apparatus according to claim 4 wherein said explosive charge and said ignition member are sealed off in watertight compartments.
6. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said pivoting means includes wire members secured to said suspension member and said projectile assembly.
7. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said suspension member has stop means whereby to direct the positioning of said projectile assembly within said cavern.
8. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said projectile member is disposed in a first tube, and said explosive charge is contained within a second tube and is threadedly connected to said first tube.
9. Apparatus for penetrating a subterranean formation surrounding an open hole which is located at a lower end of a well bore, said well bore having a diameter that is lesser than the diameter of said open hole, comprising:
at least one elongated projectile member;
an explosive charge disposed behind said projectile member, said projectile member and said explosive charge each disposed within a tube which are threadedly connected to one another forming a tubular housing;
said tubular housing having a length that is slightly less than the diameter of said open hole but greater than the diameter of said well bore;
means for advancing said tubular housing through said well bore, said advancing means including a suspension member and said tubular housing pivotally mounted on said suspension member;
means for orienting said tubular housing between a first position extending substantially parallel to a longitudinal axis of said well bore and a second position substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of said well bore;
means for detonating said explosive charge; and
means for discharging each of said projectile members into the formation surrounding said open hole.
10. Apparatus according to claim 9 wherein said detonating means includes an igniter wire running to a well surface.
11. Apparatus according to claim 9 wherein a pair of said projectile members are mounted in end-to-end relation to one another, and said explosive charge is mounted between adjacent ends of said pair of said projectile members.
12. Apparatus according to claim 9 wherein said tubular housing is mounted on an external surface of said suspension member.
13. Apparatus according to claim 9 wherein said orienting means includes wire members secured to said suspension member and said tubular housing.