1. A system of a plurality of series-connected converter devices for a fuel cell apparatus, the system comprising:
a fuel cell apparatus controller electrically connected to the fuel cell apparatus;
the plurality of converter devices electrically connected to an output end of the fuel cell apparatus and an output end of the fuel cell apparatus controller and configured to convert electricity generated by the fuel cell apparatus and output the converted electricity;
a series connection unit electrically connected to each said converter device and configured to deliver electrical energy to a load;
a Mux control unit electrically connected to the series connection unit and configured to read an amount of electricity output by the series connection unit;
a power control unit electrically connected to the load and configured to calculate an amount of electricity required by the load; and
a master controller electrically connected to the Mux control unit, the power control unit, and each said converter device.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein each said converter device comprises:
a converter electrically connected to the output end of the fuel cell apparatus;
a bi-directional converter electrically connected to the converter;
a battery electrically connected to the bi-directional converter; and
a sub-controller electrically connected to the converter, the battery, and the fuel cell apparatus controller and controlled by the master controller so as to control operation of the converter and the bi-directional converter.
3. The system of claim 2, wherein the master controller determines which of the converter devices need to be turned on, based on signals from the Mux control unit and the power control unit, and transmits a control signal to each said sub-controller.
4. A method for controlling the system of claim 1, comprising:
a step of estimating a load, wherein a load power value and a load output voltage value required by the load are calculated;
a step of determining the number of said converter devices to be turned on, wherein the number of said converter devices that need to be turned on is determined according to the load power value or the load output voltage value, and the converter devices selected are defined as working converter devices;
a step of calculating an output power, wherein a required output power assigned to and to be provided by each said working converter device is calculated;
a step of discharging, wherein when the fuel cell apparatus has an available output power above 0 but lower than the required output power, a battery in each said working converter device works in conjunction with the fuel cell apparatus to provide the required output power, and when the available output power of the fuel cell apparatus is 0, the battery of each said working converter device provides the required output power; and
a step of charging, wherein when an amount of electricity of a said battery is smaller than a predetermined amount, and the available output power of the fuel cell apparatus is higher than the required output power, the fuel cell apparatus begins to charge the corresponding battery.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the step of determining the number of said converter devices to be turned on comprises either dividing the load power value by a maximum output power, or dividing the load output voltage value by a maximum output voltage of each said converter device, so as to determine the number of said converter devices to be selected.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the step of calculating an output power comprises dividing the load power value by the number of the working converter devices so as to obtain the required output power to be provided by each said working converter device.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the working converter devices are connected in series by the series connection unit.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the step of estimating a load comprises calculating, by the power control unit, the load power value and the load output voltage value required by the load.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the step of determining the number of said converter devices to be turned on comprises controlling, by the master controller and according to the load power value or the load output voltage value, the working converter devices to be turned on.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the step of calculating an output power comprises calculating, by the master controller, the required output power assigned to and to be provided by each said working converter device.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein the step of discharging comprises controlling a bi-directional converter of each said working converter device by a corresponding sub-controller so as to control discharging of the corresponding battery.
12. The method of claim 11, wherein the step of charging comprises controlling the bi-directional converters by the corresponding sub-controllers so as to control charging of the corresponding batteries.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1-22. (canceled)
23. A polyphase electric machine, comprising:
a stator, impinged by an electromagnetic rotating field, including a yoke having yoke teeth having at least partially peripheral slots, in which windings, which generate a magnetic field, are situated; and
a rotor, which is rotatable around an axis, having permanent magnets, which is peripherally separated from the stator by an air gap, the rotor fixedly connected to a pulley;
wherein the yoke teeth in the stator are assembled into modules, whose number is at least one of (a) equal to a number of current phases and (b) corresponds to an integral multiple thereof, each module including a number of at least one yoke tooth and directly neighboring yoke teeth of a module having opposing magnetic field polarity.
24. The polyphase electric machine according to claim 23, wherein a ratio of a pole pitch of the rotor to a slot pitch of the stator is 98.
25. The polyphase electric machine according to claim 23, wherein the magnetic field in the air gap is formed in the radial direction to the axis.
26. The polyphase electric machine according to claim 23, wherein the rotor is arranged as an external rotor.
27. The polyphase electric machine according to claim 23, wherein the stator has a peripheral recess, in which the windings including a core assembly and the permanent magnets including the rotor yoke of the rotor are arranged.
28. The polyphase electric machine according to claim 23, wherein the windings in directly neighboring yoke teeth of two modules are arranged in a same rotational direction.
29. The polyphase electric machine according to claim 23, wherein the yoke teeth have pole shoes, which at least partially close the slots lying between the yoke teeth on a side of the air gap.
30. The polyphase electric machine according to claim 23, wherein the yoke has yoke auxiliary teeth between two directly neighboring yoke teeth.
31. The polyphase electric machine according to claim 23, wherein a ratio of the pole pitch of the rotor to the slot pitch of the stator is one of: (a) 910; (b) 98; (c) 65; (d) 67; and (e) 34; each module including at least 3 yoke teeth at the pole pitch to slot pitch ratio of one of (a) 910; and (b) 98; at least two yoke teeth at the pole pitch to slot pitch ratio of one of (a) 65; and (b) 67; and at least one yoke tooth at the pole pitch to slot pitch ratio of 34.
32. The polyphase electric machine according to claim 31, wherein a winding arrangement:
a \u2212a \u2212a a a \u2212a b \u2212b \u2212b b b \u2212b c \u2212c \u2212c c c \u2212c
is provided at the pole pitch of the rotor to slot pitch of the stator ratio of 98 and a winding arrangement:
a \u2212a \u2212a a a \u2212a \u2212b b b \u2212b \u2212b b c \u2212c \u2212c c c \u2212c
is provided at the pole pitch of the rotor to the slot pitch of the stator ratio of 910;
wherein a, b, and c represent current phases of a three-phase current.
33. The polyphase electric machine according to claim 23, wherein the rotor has a recess to at least partially accommodate a bearing.
34. The polyphase electric machine according to claim 23, wherein the rotor has a recess for spacing apart the rotor from the yoke and the windings and a fastener of the yoke on the stator.
35. The polyphase electric machine according to claim 23, wherein the stator has a recess for spacing apart the stator from fasteners of the pulley on the rotor.
36. The polyphase electric machine according to claim 23, wherein the rotor is constructed from multiple identical rings.
37. The polyphase electric machine according to claim 23, wherein an encoder is situated on the polyphase electric machine.
38. The polyphase electric machine according to claim 23, wherein a projection is situated on a circular path concentric to the pulley, whose radius is larger than a radius of the pulley.
39. The polyphase electric machine according to claim 23, wherein the stator is at least partially enclosed by a motor housing and the rotor.
40. The polyphase electric machine according to claim 23, wherein a cover is situated on a motor housing.
41. The polyphase electric machine according to claim 23, wherein the polyphase electric machine is configured as a drive for at least one of (a) a freight elevator and (b) a passenger elevator.
42. The polyphase electric machine according to claim 23, wherein the polyphase electric machine is configured as at least one of (a) a cable drive and (b) a belt drive having at least one pulley.
43. The polyphase electric machine according to claim 23, wherein the polyphase electric machine is configured a drive for an escalator.
44. A device, comprising:
a polyphase electric machine including:
a stator, impinged by an electromagnetic rotating field, including a yoke having yoke teeth having at least partially peripheral slots, in which windings, which generate a magnetic field, are situated; and
a rotor, which is rotatable around an axis, having permanent magnets, which is peripherally separated from the stator by an air gap, the rotor fixedly connected to a pulley;
wherein the yoke teeth in the stator are assembled into modules, whose number is at least one of (a) equal to a number of current phases and (b) corresponds to an integral multiple thereof, each module including a number of at least one yoke tooth and directly neighboring yoke teeth of a module having opposing magnetic field polarity; and
wherein the device is arranged as at least one of (a) a passenger elevator; (b) a freight elevator; and (c) an escalator.
45. A method for at least one of (a) assembling and (b) disassembling a force transmission device in a polyphase electric machine including: a stator, impinged by an electromagnetic rotating field, including a yoke having yoke teeth having at least partially peripheral slots, in which windings, which generate a magnetic field, are situated; a rotor, which is rotatable around an axis, having permanent magnets, which is peripherally separated from the stator by an air gap, the rotor fixedly connected to a pulley; and a cover situated on a motor housing, the yoke teeth in the stator being assembled into modules, whose number is at least one of (a) equal to a number of current phases and (b) corresponds to an integral multiple thereof, each module including a number of at least one yoke tooth and directly neighboring yoke teeth of a module having opposing magnetic field polarity, comprising:
removing the cover;
at least one of (a) removing and (b) attaching the force transmission device; and
refastening the cover.
46. The method according to claim 45, wherein the force transmission device includes at least one of (a) a cable and (b) a belt.