1. A biocompatible polymer having the formula,
in which,
R1-R4 are independently a methacryl, acryl, styryl, acrylamido, methacrylamido, sulfovinyl, amido, ester, ethyl, or propyl;
R5 is a hydrocarbon chain, cycloaliphatic group, ester group, amide group, thiol, sulfone, carbonate, saccharide, PEG, or combination thereof;
R6 includes a zwitterion group, a linker being a chain of 2-12 carbon atoms, and an ester or amide attachment to the methacryl group; wherein the zwitterion group is selected from the group consisting of phosphorylcholine, phosphoryl ethanolamine, phosphatidyl ethanolamine, phosphoethanolamine, and phosphatidyl serine;
R7 is a methyl, ethyl, or hydrogen group;
n is in a range from about 0.005 to about 0.5;
o is in a range from about 0.005 to about 0.4;
p optionally included in a range from 0.005 to 0.25;
q is in a range from about 0.005 to about 0.98; and
r is optionally included in a range from about 0.005 to about 0.4.
2. A biocompatible polymer as in claim 1, wherein n+o+p+q+r=1.
3. A biocompatible polymer as in claim 1, wherein a 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl group is substituted with a 2,3-dihydroxyphenyl group.
4. A biocompatible polymer as in claim 1, in which the glass transition temperature of the polymer when hydrated is in a range from about \u221230\xb0 C. to about 37\xb0 C.
5. A biocompatible polymer as in claim 1, in which the glass transition temperature of the polymer when dry is in a range from about \u221230\xb0 C. to about 100\xb0 C.
6. A biocompatible polymer as in claim 1, in which the polymer is substantially free of cross-linking.
7. A medical device coating comprising the biocompatible polymer of claim 1.
8. A biocompatible polymer as in claim 1 having the formula,
in which,
R6 includes a zwitterion group, a linker being a chain of 2-12 carbon atoms, and an ester or amide attachment to the methacryl group; wherein the zwitterion group is selected from the group consisting of phosphorylcholine, phosphoryl ethanolamine, phosphatidyl ethanolamine, phosphoethanolamine, and phosphatidyl serine;
n is in a range from about 0.01 to about 0.50;
o is in a range from about 0.01 to about 0.4;
q is in a range from about 0.1 to about 0.98; and
n+o+q=1.
9. A medical device coating comprising the biocompatible polymer of claim 8.
10. A biocompatible polymer as in claim 1 having the formula,
in which,
n is in a range from about 0.005 to about 0.5;
o is in a range from about 0.005 to about 0.4;
p is in a range from about 0.005 to about 0.25;
q is in a range from about 0.1 to about 0.98; and
n+o+p+q=1.
11. A medical device coating comprising the biocompatible polymer of claim 10.
12. A biocompatible polymer as in claim 1 having the formula,
in which,
n is in a range from about 0.005 to about 0.5;
o is in a range from about 0.005 to about 0.4;
q is in a range from about 0.005 to about 0.98; and
n+o+q=1.
13. A medical device coating as in claim 11, in which R6 is selected from the group consisting of phosphorylcholine, phosphoryl ethanolamine, phosphatidyl ethanolamine, phosphoethanolamine, phosphatidyl serine, sulfobetaine and combinations thereof.
14. A medical device coating comprising the biocompatible polymer of claim 12.
15. A biocompatible polymer as in claim 1, in which the molecular weight of the polymer is in a range from about 20 kDa to about 800 kDa.
16. A biocompatible polymer as in claim 1, in which the molecular weight of the polymer is in a range from about 2 kDa to about 200 kDa.
17. A biocompatible coating comprising the biocompatible polymer of claim 1 blended with a polymer selected from the group consisting of poly(vinyl pyrrolidinone), poly(n-butyl methacrylate), poly(n-butyl methacrylate) copolymers, methacrylate polymers, acrylate polymers, andor a terpolymers of hexyl methacrylate, vinyl acetate, and vinyl pyrrolidinone.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A defibrillator device comprising a casing containing electrical circuitry for generating in use a defibrillation voltage for application to a patient, a control system for controlling operation of said defibrillator device, and a detector means which is associated with at least one region of said casing and which is responsive to at least one of touching by, handling by, or proximity of, an operator, said control system being responsive in use to said detector means to change the operational status of said defibrillator device from a first state to a second state on detection of an operator.
2. A defibrillator device according to claim 1, wherein the casing includes a handle region and said detector means is associated with said handle or an adjacent region on said casing.
3. A defibrillator device according to claim 1, wherein said detectors means is one or more selected from the group comprising microswitches, IR detectors, capacitive sensors, membrane switches.
4. A defibrillator device according to claim 1, wherein the or each detector means defines a sensing region on said casing.
5. A defibrillator device according to claim 1, wherein the or each detector comprises a proximity detector.
6. A defibrillator device according to claim 1, wherein said detector comprises a contact detector.
7. A defibrillator device according to claim 1, wherein said control system is operable on sustained detectors of an operator to change the operational states of said defibrillator device from said second state to a different state.
8. A defibrillator device according to claim 1, wherein said first state is an Off state.
9. A defibrillator device according to claim 1, wherein said first state is a quiescent or sleep state.
10. A defibrillator device according to claim 9, wherein said control system is operational periodically to initiate a self-check routine during said sleep state.
11. A defibrillator device according to claim 1, wherein said second state is an On state.
12. A defibrillator device according to claim 1, wherein said second state is a self-test state in which said control system initiates a self-test routine.
13. A defibrillator device according to claim 1, wherein following detection of an operator and changing of the operational status of the defibrillator to said second state, the control system is operable to change the operational status of the defibrillator device to a different state on sustained detection of said operator beyond a preset period.
14. A defibrillator device according to claim 1, wherein, following detection of an operator, the control system is operable to change the operational status of the device to a different state if no further detection is detected within a preset period.
15. A defibrillator device according to claim 1, wherein the defibrillator device includes means for issuing instructions to an operator following detection by said detector means.
16. A defibrillator device according to claim 15, wherein said means for issuing instructions comprises at least one of a loudspeaker or a display on the defibrillator device.
17. A defibrillator device according to claim 16, wherein the control system is operable to issue an instruction to the operator to connect a further item of equipment, on detecting absence of an operator following the change from said first operational state to a second operational state.
18. A defibrillator device according to claim 16, wherein the control system is operable to issue an instruction for the operator to touch or trip a further sensor on detecting absence of the operator following said change from said first operational state to said second operational state.
19. A defibrillator device according to claim 1, which includes one or more attitude sensors for detecting the attitude of the casing and for supplying the corresponding attitude signals to said control system.
20. A defibrillator device according to claim 1, wherein after application of a defibrillation voltage in use to a patient, detection by said detector means of the presence or absence of operator causes the device to provide andor store post-rescue data.
21. A defibrillator device according to claim 1, wherein the defibrillator device includes means for storing data relating to the by said detector means of the presence or absence of operator causes the device to provide andor store post-rescue data.
22. A defibrillator device according to claim 1, wherein the defibrillator device includes means for storing data relating to the operation of the device following the application of a defibrillation voltage to a patient, and said control system is responsive to a signal from said detector means to apply a compression algorithm to said stored data.