What is claimed is:
1. An optical device, comprising:
a lens array having a plurality of small lenses;
a polarizing conversion element array having a plurality of polarization separating films that separate light emitted from said small lenses into two kinds of polarized light and a plurality of reflecting films that reflect one of said two kinds of polarized light separated by said polarization separating films, said polarizing conversion element array converting non-polarized light into one kind of linearly polarized light; and
a jig that detachably incorporates said lens array and said polarizing conversion element array.
2. The optical device as claimed in claim 1, said lens array and said polarizing conversion element array having substantially rectangular outer shapes,
said jig including:
a frame having a substantially rectangular first open surface on one side of said frame and a substantially rectangular second open surface on another side of said frame, and having a hollow section inside said frame;
a partitioning projection provided on an inner peripheral surface of said frame that partitions said hollow section into a first storage section communicating with said first open surface and second storage section communicating with said second open surface;
fixing members that detachably fix said lens array, said polarizing conversion element array, and said frame in a state where said lens array and said polarizing conversion element array are stored in said frame; and
said lens array being stored in said first storage section from said first open surface and said polarizing conversion element array being stored in said second storage section from said second open surface.
3. The optical device as claimed in claim 2, further comprising a light-shielding plate stored in said frame inserted between said lens array and said polarizing conversion element array that shields at least a part of a light incident surface of said polarizing conversion element array.
4. The optical device as claimed in claim 2, said polarizing conversion element array being divided into a first array unit and a second array unit, each having substantially a rectangular outer shape, and
one of said first storage section and said second storage section in which said first array unit and said second array unit are stored including: positioning projections provided between said first array unit and said second array unit that define positions of said first array unit and said second array unit; and elastic members provided on opposing inner surfaces of said frame that press said first array unit and said second array unit onto said positioning projections, respectively.
5. The optical device as claimed in claim 2, one of said first storage section and said second storage section in which said lens array is stored including an elastic member provided on one inner surface of said frame that presses said lens array onto an opposite inner surface of said frame.
6. The optical device as claimed in claim 1, said lens array and said polarizing conversion element array having substantially rectangular outer shapes,
said jig including:
a frame having a substantially rectangular first open surface on one side of said frame and a substantially rectangular second open surface on another side of said frame, and having a hollow section inside said frame;
a projection provided close to said first open surface;
a step portion provided on an inner peripheral surface of said frame that divides said hollow section into a relatively small first storage section close to said first open surface and a relatively large second storage section close to said second open surface;
fixing members that detachably fix said lens array, said polarizing conversion element array, and said frame in a state where said lens array and said polarizing conversion element array are stored in said frame; and
said lens array and said polarizing conversion element array being stored in said first storage section and said second storage section in a predetermined order from said second open surface.
7. The optical device as claimed in claim 6, further comprising a light-shielding plate stored in said frame inserted between said lens array and said polarizing conversion element array that shields at least a part of a light incident surface of said polarizing conversion element array.
8. The optical device as claimed in claim 6, said polarizing conversion element array being divided into a first array unit and a second array unit, each having substantially a rectangular outer shape, and
one of said first storage section and said second storage section in which said first array unit and said second array unit are stored including: positioning projections provided between said first array unit and said second array unit that define positions of said first array unit and said second array unit; and elastic members provided on opposing inner surfaces of said frame that press said first array unit and said second array unit onto said positioning projections, respectively.
9. The optical device as claimed in claim 6, said polarizing conversion element array being divided into first array unit and second array unit, each having substantially a rectangular outer shape,
one of said first storage section and said second storage section in which said first array unit and said second array unit are stored including positioning projections provided between said first array unit and said second array unit that define positions of said first array unit and said second array unit, and
said first array unit and said second array unit being pressed onto said positioning projections by said fixing members.
10. The optical device as claimed in claim 6, one of said first storage section and said second storage section in which said lens array is stored including an elastic member provided on one inner surface of said frame that presses said lens array onto an opposite inner surface of said frame.
11. A projection display device that projects an image, comprising:
a light source;
a first lens array having a plurality of small lenses;
an optical device including a second lens array having a plurality of small lenses; a polarizing conversion element array having a plurality of polarization separating films that separate light emitted from said small lenses into two kinds of polarized light and a plurality of reflecting films that reflect one of said two kinds of polarized light separated by said polarization separating films, said polarizing conversion element array converting non-polarized light into one kind of linearly polarized light; and a jig that detachably unites said second lens array and said polarizing conversion element array;
an optical modulation device that modulates light emitted from said optical device based on an image signal; and
a projection optical system that projects modulated light emitted from said optical modulation device.
12. The projection display device as claimed in claim 11, said second lens array and said polarizing conversion element array having substantially rectangular outer shapes,
said jig including:
a frame having a substantially rectangular first open surface on one side of said frame and a substantially rectangular second open surface on another side of said frame, and having a hollow section inside said frame;
a partitioning projection provided on an inner peripheral surface of said frame that partitions said hollow section into a first storage section communicating with said first open surface and second storage section communicating with said second open surface;
fixing members that detachably fix said second lens array, said polarizing conversion element array, and said frame in a state where said lens array and said polarizing conversion element array are stored in said frame; and
said second lens array being stored in said first storage section from said first open surface and said polarizing conversion element array being stored in said second storage section from said second open surface.
13. The projection display device as claimed in claim 12, further comprising a light-shielding plate stored in said frame inserted between said second lens array and said polarizing conversion element array that shields at least a part of a light incident surface of said polarizing conversion element array.
14. The projection display device as claimed in claim 12, said polarizing conversion element array being divided into a first array unit and a second array unit, each having substantially a rectangular outer shape, and
one of said first storage section and said second storage section in which said first array unit and said second array unit are stored including: positioning projections provided between said first array unit and said second array unit that define positions of said first array unit and said second array unit; and elastic members provided on opposing inner surfaces of said frame that press said first array unit and said second array unit onto said positioning projections, respectively.
15. The projection display device as claimed in claim 12, one of said first storage section and said second storage section in which said second lens array is stored including an elastic member provided on one inner surface of said frame that presses said second lens array onto an opposite inner surface of said frame.
16. The projection display device as claimed in claim 11, said second lens array and said polarizing conversion element array having substantially rectangular outer shapes,
said jig including:
a frame having a substantially rectangular first open surface on one side of said frame and a substantially rectangular second open surface on another side of said frame, and having a hollow section inside said frame;
a projection provided close to said first open surface;
a step portion provided on an inner peripheral surface of said frame that divides said hollow section into a relatively small first storage section close to said first open surface and a relatively large second storage section close to said second open surface;
fixing members that detachably fix said second lens array, said polarizing conversion element array, and said frame in a state where said lens array and said polarizing conversion element array are stored in said frame; and
said second lens array and said polarizing conversion element array being stored in said first storage section and said second storage section in a predetermined order from said second open surface.
17. The projection display device as claimed in claim 16, further comprising a light-shielding plate stored in said frame inserted between said second lens array and said polarizing conversion element array that shields at least a part of a light incident surface of said polarizing conversion element array.
18. The projection display device as claimed in claim 16, said polarizing conversion element array being divided into a first array unit and a second array unit, each having substantially a rectangular outer shape, and
one of said first storage section and said second storage section in which said first array unit and said second array unit are stored including: positioning projections provided between said first array unit and said second array unit that define positions of said first array unit and said second array unit; and elastic members provided on opposing inner surfaces of said frame that press said first array unit and said second array unit onto said positioning projections, respectively.
19. The projection display device as claimed in claim 16, said polarizing conversion element array being divided into first array unit and second array unit, each having substantially a rectangular outer shape,
one of said first storage section and said second storage section in which said first array unit and said second array unit are stored including positioning projections provided between said first array unit and said second array unit that define positions of said first array unit and said second array unit, and
said first array unit and said second array unit being pressed onto said positioning projections by said fixing members.
20. The projection display device as claimed in claim 16, one of said first storage section and said second storage section in which said second lens array is stored including an elastic member provided on one inner surface of said frame that presses said second lens array onto an opposite inner surface of said frame.
21. A projection display device that projects an image, comprising:
a light source;
a first lens array having a plurality of small lenses;
an optical device including a second lens array having a plurality of small lenses; a polarizing conversion element array having a plurality of polarization separating films that separate light emitted from said small lenses into two kinds of polarized light and a plurality of reflecting films that reflect one of said two kinds of polarized light separated by said polarization separating films, said polarizing conversion element array converting non-polarized light into one kind of linearly polarized light; and a jig that detachably unites said second lens array and said polarizing conversion element array;
a color light separating optical system that separates light emitted from said optical device into a plurality of color light;
a plurality of optical modulation devices that respectively modulate said plurality of color light based on an image signal;
a color light synthesizing section that synthesizes modulated light emitted from said plurality of optical modulation devices; and
a projection optical system that projects synthesized light emitted from said color light synthesizing section.
22. The projection display device as claimed in claim 21, said second lens array and said polarizing conversion element array having substantially rectangular outer shapes,
said jig including:
a frame having a substantially rectangular first open surface on one side of said frame and a substantially rectangular second open surface on another side of said frame, and having a hollow section inside said frame;
a partitioning projection provided on an inner peripheral surface of said frame that partitions said hollow section into a first storage section communicating with said first open surface and second storage section communicating with said second open surface;
fixing members that detachably fix said second lens array, said polarizing conversion element array, and said frame in a state where said lens array and said polarizing conversion element array are stored in said frame; and
said second lens array being stored in said first storage section from said first open surface and said polarizing conversion element array being stored in said second storage section from said second open surface.
23. The projection display device as claimed in claim 22, further comprising a light-shielding plate stored in said frame inserted between said second lens array and said polarizing conversion element array that shields at least a part of a light incident surface of said polarizing conversion element array.
24. The projection display device as claimed in claim 22, said polarizing conversion element array being divided into a first array unit and a second array unit, each having substantially a rectangular outer shape, and
one of said first storage section and said second storage section in which said first array unit and said second array unit are stored including: positioning projections provided between said first array unit and said second array unit that define positions of said first array unit and said second array unit; and elastic members provided on opposing inner surfaces of said frame that press said first array unit and said second array unit onto said positioning projections, respectively.
25. The projection display device as claimed in claim 22, one of said first storage section and said second storage section in which said second lens array is stored including an elastic member provided on one inner surface of said frame that presses said second lens array onto an opposite inner surface of said frame.
26. The projection display device as claimed in claim 21, said second lens array and said polarizing conversion element array having substantially rectangular outer shapes,
said jig including:
a frame having a substantially rectangular first open surface on one side of said frame and a substantially rectangular second open surface on another side of said frame, and having a hollow section inside said frame;
a projection provided close to said first open surface;
a step portion provided on an inner peripheral surface of said frame that divides said hollow section into a relatively small first storage section close to said first open surface and a relatively large second storage section close to said second open surface;
fixing members that detachably fix said second lens array, said polarizing conversion element array, and said frame in a state where said lens array and said polarizing conversion element array are stored in said frame; and
said second lens array and said polarizing conversion element array being stored in said first storage section and said second storage section in a predetermined order from said second open surface.
27. The projection display device as claimed in claim 26, further comprising a light-shielding plate stored in said frame inserted between said second lens array and said polarizing conversion element array that shields at least a part of a light incident surface of said polarizing conversion element array.
28. The projection display device as claimed in claim 26, said polarizing conversion element array being divided into a first array unit and a second array unit, each having substantially a rectangular outer shape, and
one of said first storage section and said second storage section in which said first array unit and said second array unit are stored including: positioning projections provided between said first array unit and said second array unit that define positions of said first array unit and said second array unit; and elastic members provided on opposing inner surfaces of said frame that press said first array unit and said second array unit onto said positioning projections, respectively.
29. The projection display device as claimed in claim 26, said polarizing conversion element array being divided into first array unit and second array unit, each having substantially a rectangular outer shape,
one of said first storage section and said second storage section in which said first array unit and said second array unit are stored including positioning projections provided between said first array unit and said second array unit that define positions of said first array unit and said second array unit, and
said first array unit and said second array unit being pressed onto said positioning projections by said fixing members.
30. The projection display device as claimed in claim 26, one of said first storage section and said second storage section in which said second lens array is stored including an elastic member provided on one inner surface of said frame that presses said second lens array onto an opposite inner surface of said frame.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A method of frame sync detection, comprising:
calculating a first and second differential correlation of a data signal, at a plurality of delay and conjugate multipliers;
convolving the first and second differential correlations with a previous set of differential correlations; and
calculating a correlation peak, at a sync detector, using the convolved differential correlations, to detect a frame sync.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein calculating a correlation peak comprises:
masking out data from the convolved differential correlations, at a MASK block, if a blind mode is used;
computing the products of the convolved differential equations, at a sign correlator;
summing the products of the convolved differential equations, at an adder;
generating the absolute value of the convolved differential equations, at an absolute value block;
computing a magnitude of correlation of the convolved differential equations to determine the correlation peak, at a magnitude block.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the first differential correlation is a 1 T differential correlation and the second differential correlation is a 2 T differential correlation.
4. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
calculating an adaptive threshold, at a slew rate limiter.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein calculating the correlation peak uses the convolved differential equations and the adaptive threshold.
6. An apparatus for frame sync detection, comprising:
delay and conjugate multipliers, that calculate a first differential correlation and a second differential correlation of a data stream and convolves the first and second differential correlations with a previous set of differential correlations; and
a sync detector, that calculates a correlation peak using the convolved differential correlations, to detect a frame sync.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, further comprising:
a MASK block, that masks out data from the convolved differential correlations, if a blind mode is used;
a sign correlator, that computes the products of the convolved differential equations;
adder, that sums the products of the convolved differential equations;
an absolute value block, that generates the absolute value of the convolved differential equations; a magnitude block, that computes a magnitude of correlation of the convolved differential equations.
8. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the first differential correlation is a 1 T differential correlation and the second differential correlation is a 2 T differential correlation.
9. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the delay and conjugate multipliers include a plurality of delay and conjugate multipliers.
10. The apparatus of claim 6, further comprising:
a slew rate limiter, that calculates an adaptive threshold.
11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the slew rate limiter calculates the correlation peak using the convolved differential equations and the adaptive threshold.
12. A method of data aided frequency estimation, comprising:
receiving a plurality of frames, at a storage field, including a plurality of sync signals having the same sync pattern in each frame transmitted at known intervals;
calculating a frequency estimate of the plurality of frames, at a sum function block and an arg function block.
13. The method of claim 12, wherein calculating a frequency estimate is performed using the equation:
\u03a9
\u2032
\ue89e
T
s
=
arg
\ue89e
{
\u2211
k
\ue89e
\u2211
L
\ue89e
z
n
+
1
,
k
\ue89e
z
n
,
k
*
\ue8a0
z
n
+
1
,
k
+
1
\ue89e
z
n
,
k
+
1
*
}
,
wherein \u03a9\u2032 represents the frequency estimate, Ts represents the symbol rate, k represents an index indicating the current sync field, L represents the length of the sync field, and z represents the received signal plus noise.
14. An apparatus for data aided frequency estimation, comprising:
a storage field, that receives a plurality of frames including a plurality of sync signals having the same sync pattern in each frame transmitted at known intervals;
a sum function block and an arg function block, that calculates a frequency estimate of the plurality of frames.
15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the frequency estimate is calculated by the equation:
\u03a9
\u2032
\ue89e
T
s
=
arg
\ue89e
{
\u2211
k
\ue89e
\u2211
L
\ue89e
z
n
+
1
,
k
\ue89e
z
n
,
k
*
\ue8a0
z
n
+
1
,
k
+
1
\ue89e
z
n
,
k
+
1
*
}
,
wherein \u03a9\u2032 represents the frequency estimate, Ts represents the symbol rate, k represents an index indicating the current sync field, L represents the length of the sync field, and z represents the received signal plus noise.
16. A method of non data aided maximum likelihood frequency estimation, comprising
receiving a plurality of frames, at a storage field, including a plurality of sync signals;
computing a maximum likelihood, at an Mth power block, on the plurality of frames;
performing an autocorrelation function, at an autocorrelation block, to exchange a phase step increment measurement with the Mth power block;
performing a differential correlation, at a sum function block and an arg function block.
17. The method of claim 16, wherein the performing the differential correlation uses equations:
\u03a9
\u2032
\ue89e
T
s
=
arg
\ue89e
{
\u2211
L
\ue89e
y
n
+
1
\ue89e
y
n
*
}
\ue89e
\ue89e
and
y
\ue8a0
(
l
)
=
1
N
\ue89e
\u2211
n
\ue89e
z
\ue8a0
(
n
)
M
\ue89e
z
\ue8a0
(
n
–
l
)
M
,
where N>L.
18. An apparatus for non data aided maximum likelihood frequency estimation, comprising
a storage field, that receives a plurality of frames, including a plurality of sync signals;
an Mth power block, that computes a maximum likelihood of the plurality of frames;
an autocorrelation block, that performs an autocorrelation function to exchange a phase step increment measurement with the Mth power block;
a sum function block and an arg function block, that performs a differential correlation.
19. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the sum function block and the arg function block uses equations:
\u03a9
\u2032
\ue89e
T
s
=
arg
\ue89e
{
\u2211
L
\ue89e
y
n
+
1
\ue89e
y
n
*
}
\ue89e
\ue89e
and
y
\ue8a0
(
l
)
=
1
N
\ue89e
\u2211
n
\ue89e
z
\ue8a0
(
n
)
M
\ue89e
z
\ue8a0
(
n
–
l
)
M
,
where N>L.
20. A method of frequency estimation correction performed by a feedback frequency recovery loop circuit, comprising
performing a derotation on the sync symbols and data symbols within a received data signal;
processing the data signal, at a matched filter;
performing frequency estimation, at a frequency estimator, based on the processed data signal received from the matched filter;
smoothing the frequency estimates, at a loop filter;
feeding the output signal back to a derotator, at a numerically controlled oscillator.
21. The method of claim 20, further comprising resampling the data signal, at a symbol timing recovery block, to enable timing recovery of the sync symbols and data symbols.
22. A feedback frequency recovery loop circuit for frequency estimation correction, comprising
A derotator, that derotates sync symbols and data symbols within a received data signal;
a matched filter, that processes the data signal;
a frequency estimator, that performs frequency estimation, based on the processed data signal received from the matched filter;
a loop filter, that smoothes the frequency estimates;
a numerically controlled oscillator, that feeds the output back to the derotator.
23. The apparatus of claim 22, further comprising at a symbol timing recovery block that resamples the data signal, to enable timing recovery of the sync symbols and data symbols.
24. A method of frequency estimation correction in a feedforward frequency recovery loop circuit, comprising
resampling a data signal, at a symbol timing recovery block, to enable timing recovery of sync symbols and data symbols;
processing the data signal, at a matched filter;
performing frequency estimation, at a frequency estimator, based on the processed data signal received from the matched filter;
feeding the output signal to a derotator, at a numerically controlled oscillator.
25. An apparatus for frequency estimation correction in a feedforward frequency recovery loop circuit, comprising
a symbol timing recovery block, that resamples the data signal to enable timing recovery of sync symbols and data symbols;
a matched filter, that processes the data signal;
a frequency estimator, that performs frequency estimation based on the processed data signal received from the matched filter;
a numerically controlled oscillator, that feeds the output to a derotator.