1. A method for inkjet textile printing comprising a printing step for printing an aqueous pigment ink on a specifically pretreated portion of a textile fiber product by an inkjet process,
wherein said specific pretreatment is performed by applying at least:
(A) a quaternary ammonium salt type cationic surfactant represented by the formula (1) below, and
(B) a block isocyanate compound
to the entire textile fiber product or a required portion thereof,
and said aqueous pigment ink comprises at least a pigment, an aqueous liquid as a solvent or dispersion medium, and:
(C) a water-soluble dispersing agent having a crosslinking property,
(D) a self-emulsifying type urethane resin, and
(E) a block isocyanate compound.
In the formula (1), two of R1 to R4 mutually independently represent an alkyl group having 8 to 18 carbon atoms, the remaining two mutually independently represent a methyl group or an ethyl group, and X\u2212 represents an anion.
2. The method for inkjet textile printing according to claim 1 having a pretreatment step for performing the specific pretreatment on the entire textile fiber product or a required portion thereof prior to said printing step.
3. The method for inkjet textile printing according to claim 1 wherein the pretreatment is performed by applying a pretreatment agent containing at least:
(A) a cationic surfactant represented by the formula (1) and
(B) a block isocyanate compound
to the entire textile fiber product or a required portion thereof.
4. The method for inkjet textile printing according to claim 1 wherein (B) the block isocyanate compound is a compound resulting from blocking of the isocyanate group in
trimethylolpropane adduct form or isocyanurate form of:
hexamethylene diisocyanate,
hydrogenated xylylene diisocyanate,
isophorone diisocyanate, or
dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate.
5. The method for inkjet textile printing according to claim 4 wherein (B) the block isocyanate compound has been obtained using diethyl malonate, diisopropylamine, 1,2,4-triazole, 3,5-dimethylpyrazole, or 2-butanonoxime as a blocking agent.
6. The method for inkjet textile printing according to claim 1 wherein the aqueous pigment ink is a dispersion liquid containing a dispersed pigment having a maximum particle diameter of not more than 500 nm.
7. The method for inkjet textile printing according to claim 1 wherein (C) the water-soluble dispersing agent having a crosslinking property results from neutralization, with a basic substance, of an emulsion polymer having a molecular weight of 2,000 to 20,000 obtained from:
(1) 20 to 80 parts by weight of a (meth)acrylic acid ester monomer represented by CH2\u2550CR5\u2014COOR6 wherein R5 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and R6 represents an alkyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms.,
(2) 80 to 20 parts of an aliphatic vinyl monomer having a carboxyl group, and
(3) 0 to 20 parts of an aliphatic vinyl monomer having a crosslinking property.
8. The method for inkjet textile printing according to claim 7 wherein (2) the aliphatic vinyl monomer having a carboxyl group is at least one selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid, and fumaric acid.
9. The method for inkjet textile printing according to claim 7 wherein the basic substance is a secondary amine or a tertiary amine.
10. The method for inkjet textile printing according to claim 1 wherein the blending ratio of (C) the water-soluble dispersing agent having a crosslinking property in the aqueous pigment ink ranges from 0.05 to 2.0 parts by weight relative to 1.0 part by weight of the pigment.
11. The method for inkjet textile printing according to claim 1 wherein the aqueous pigment ink contains a polyoxyethylene styrenated phenyl ether sulfate or a polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfate as a dispersing aid.
12. The method for inkjet textile printing according to claim 1 wherein (D) the self-emulsifying type urethane resin has been obtained from a composition comprising at least:
an isocyanate and
a polyol having a carboxyl group or a sulfonic acid group.
13. The method for inkjet textile printing according to claim 1 wherein the glass transition point (Tg) of (D) the self-emulsifying type urethane resin is \u221260 to 20\xb0 C.
14. The method for inkjet textile printing according to claim 1 wherein (E) the block isocyanate compound is a compound resulting from blocking the isocyanate group in
trimethylolpropane adduct form or isocyanurate form of:
hexamethylene diisocyanate,
hydrogenated xylylene diisocyanate,
isophorone diisocyanate, or
dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate.
15. The method for inkjet textile printing according to claim 14 wherein (E) the block isocyanate compound has been obtained with diethyl malonate, diisopropylamine, 1,2,4-triazole, 3,5-dimethylpyrazole, or 2-butanonoxime as a blocking agent.
16. The method for inkjet textile printing according to claim 1 wherein (E) the block isocyanate compound is water-soluble or self-emulsifying, and wherein the aqueous pigment ink is excellently redispersible.
17. The method for inkjet textile printing according to claim 1 wherein the viscosity of the aqueous pigment ink is 3 to 30 mPa\xb7s at 20\xb0 C.
18. The method for inkjet textile printing according to claim 1 wherein the surface tension of the aqueous pigment ink is 20 to 40 mNm.
19. The method for inkjet textile printing according to claim 1, having a heat treatment step for heating at least a portion on which an aqueous pigment ink is printed of a textile fiber product on which the aqueous pigment ink is printed by an inkjet process in said printing step.
20. The method for inkjet textile printing according to claim 2 wherein the pretreatment is performed by applying at least:
(A) a cationic surfactant represented by the formula (1) above and
(B) a block isocyanate compound
to the entire textile fiber product or a required portion thereof by a padding process, coating process, screen printing process, inkjet process, or spraying process.
21. The method for inkjet textile printing according to claim 1, having a post-treatment step for post-treating at least a portion on which an aqueous pigment ink is printed of a textile fiber product on which the aqueous pigment ink is printed by an inkjet process in said printing step, by a padding process, coating process, screen printing process, inkjet process, or spraying process.
22. The method for inkjet textile printing according to claim 21 wherein the post-treatment is performed by applying at least one of acrylic resin emulsion, urethane resin emulsion, crosslinking agent, plasticizer, surfactant, and silicone-based softening agent to at least a portion on which an aqueous pigment ink is printed of said textile fiber product.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A system for analyzing a material, the system including:
a laser source which outputs a laser beam;
an interferometer which receives the laser beam, and transmits the laser beam into a material being tested;
a detector which generates an energy absorption signal corresponding to an energy absorbed by the material as a result of the laser beam being transmitted into the material; and
a processor which analyzes the energy absorption signal to determine a characteristic of the material being tested.
2. The system of claim 1, further wherein:
the interferometer includes a movable mirror, wherein the mirror of the interferometer is movable through a range of different positions to provide a series of interference fringes in the laser beam transmitted into the material.
3. The system of claim 2, further including:
wherein the processor is operative to analyze the energy absorption signal to determine a wavelength of the laser beam.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein the laser source includes a QCL laser.
5. The system of claim 1, wherein the laser source includes a multi-sectional laser.
6. The system of claim 1, further including:
a photoacoustic cell in which the material being analyzed is disposed.
7. The system of claim 6, wherein the detector is disposed in the photoacoustic cell, and the detector is a photoacoustic detector.
8. The system of claim 1, wherein the laser beam has a wavelength in the range of 3 to 30 microns.
9. The system of claim 1, wherein the laser source includes a tunable laser.
10. The system of claim 1, further including:
a reference laser which outputs a reference laser beam;
wherein the reference laser beam is transmitted through the interferometer to a reference detector, which outputs a reference signal;
wherein the reference signal is analyzed by the processor to determine characteristics of the interferometer.
11. A system for analyzing a material, the system including:
a laser source which outputs a laser beam;
a beam splitter which splits the laser beam into a first component and a second component;
a first photoacoustic cell in which the material being analyzed is disposed, wherein the first component of the laser beam is input into the first photoacoustic cell, and wherein a first detector is included in the first photoacoustic cell, and the first detector generates an energy absorption signal corresponding to an energy absorbed by the material as a result of the first component laser beam being transmitted into the material;
a processor which analyzes the energy absorption signal to determine a characteristic of the material being tested;
an interferometer which receives the second component of the laser beam, and transmits the second component of the laser beam toward a second detector;
wherein the second detector generates a second energy absorption signal in response to the second component of the laser beam;
wherein the processor analyzes the second energy absorption signal to determine a wavelength of the laser beam.
12. The system of claim 11, further wherein:
the interferometer includes a movable mirror, wherein the mirror of the tunable interferometer is movable through a range of different positions to provide a series of interference fringes in the second component of the laser beam transmitted into the reference material.
13. The system of claim 11, wherein the laser source includes a QCL laser.
14. The system of claim 11, wherein the laser source includes a multi-sectional laser.
15. A method for analyzing a material, the method including:
generating a laser beam;
transmitting the laser through an interferometer and into the material;
detecting an energy absorbed by the material as a result of the laser beam being transmitted into the material;
generating an energy absorption signal corresponding to the detected energy;
analyzing the energy absorption signal to determine a characteristic of the material.
16. The method of claim 15, further including:
analyzing the amount of energy absorbed by the material relative to the wavelength of the laser beam to identify the composition of the material.
17. The method of claim 15, further including:
tuning the interferometer to produce a series of fringe patterns in laser beam.
18. The method of claim 17, further including:
analyzing the series of fringe patterns to determine the wavelength of the laser beam.
19. The method of claim 15, wherein laser beam has a wavelength in the range of 3 to 30 microns.
20. The method of claim 15, further including:
sweeping the laser beam through a range of frequencies; and
determining absorption characteristics of the material at different frequencies.
21. A system for analyzing a material, the system including:
a laser source which outputs a laser beam;
an interferometer which receives the laser beam, the interferometer including a beam splitter which splits the laser beam into a first component and a second component, wherein the first component travels a first path of the interferometer and the second component travels a second path of the interferometer, wherein the first path and the second path are such that the first component and the second component are recombined and the recombined laser beam is transmitted into a photoacoustic cell;
a cell containing the material which is disposed in the first path of the interferometer such that the first component travels through the cell containing the material;
a detector disposed in the photoacoustic cell which outputs a signal in response to the laser beam transmitted into the photoacoustic cell;
a processor which receives the signal and analyzes the signal to determine characteristics of the material.