1. A method of detecting particulate matter in an aerosol sample; said method comprising:
collecting a size-selected sample of airborne particulate material;
exposing the sample to electromagnetic excitation radiation having a plurality of selected wavelengths; and
detecting electromagnetic emission radiation emitted from the sample in response to the excitation radiation.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein said collecting comprises depositing airborne particulate material on a medium.
3. The method of claim 2 wherein said medium comprises a filter medium.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein said collecting comprises concentrating the particulate material.
5. The method of claim 4 wherein said concentrating comprises removing particles larger than a first threshold size.
6. The method of claim 5 wherein said first threshold size is about ten microns.
7. The method of claim 4 wherein said concentrating comprises removing particles smaller than a second threshold size.
8. The method of claim 7 wherein said second threshold size is about one micron.
9. The method of claim 4 wherein said concentrating comprises removing particles larger than a first threshold size and smaller than a second threshold size.
10. The method of claim 9 wherein said first threshold size is about ten microns and said second threshold size is about one micron.
11. The method of claim 1 wherein said exposing comprises exposing the sample sequentially to each of the plurality of selected wavelengths.
12. The method of claim 1 wherein said excitation radiation is ultraviolet radiation.
13. The method of claim 1 wherein said detecting comprises detecting radiation at each of a plurality of emission wavelengths.
14. The method of claim 13 wherein said detecting comprises detecting radiation simultaneously at each of the plurality of emission wavelengths.
15. The method of claim 1 further comprising analyzing emission radiation responsive to said detecting.
16. A system for detecting particulate matter in an aerosol sample; said system comprising:
means for collecting a size-selected sample of airborne particulate material;
means for exposing the sample to electromagnetic excitation radiation having a plurality of selected wavelengths; and
means for detecting electromagnetic emission radiation emitted from the sample in response to the excitation radiation.
17. The system of claim 16 wherein said means for collecting comprises means for depositing airborne particulate material on a medium.
18. The system of claim 17 wherein said medium comprises a filter medium.
19. The system of claim 16 wherein said means for collecting comprises means for concentrating the airborne particulate material.
20. The system of claim 19 wherein the means for concentrating comprises means for removing particles larger than a first threshold size.
21. The system of claim 20 wherein said first threshold size is about ten microns.
22. The system of claim 19 wherein said means for concentrating comprises means for removing particles smaller than a second threshold size.
23. The system of claim 22 wherein said second threshold size is about one micron.
24. The system of claim 19 wherein said means for concentrating comprises means for removing particles larger than a first threshold size and smaller than a second threshold size.
25. The system of claim 24 wherein said first threshold size is about ten microns and said second threshold size is about one micron.
26. The system of claim 19 wherein said means for concentrating comprises a virtual impactor.
27. The system of claim 16 wherein said means for exposing comprises a lamp and an ultraviolet filter.
28. The system of claim 16 wherein said means for exposing comprises an ultraviolet laser diode.
29. The system of claim 27 wherein said means for exposing comprises a lamp and a plurality of ultraviolet filters.
30. The system of claim 29 further comprising means for sequentially positioning each of said plurality of ultraviolet filters between said lamp and the sample.
31. The system of claim 30 wherein said means for sequentially positioning comprises an ultraviolet filter wheel and means for rotating said filter wheel.
32. The system of claim 16 wherein said means for detecting comprises a detector operative to detect ultraviolet radiation at a selected emission wavelength.
33. The system of claim 32 wherein said detector comprises a photomultiplier tube.
34. The system of claim 16 wherein said means for detecting comprises a plurality of detectors, each of said plurality of detectors operative to detect ultraviolet radiation at a selected one of a plurality of emission wavelengths.
35. The system of claim 34 wherein each of said plurality of detectors comprises a photomultiplier tube.
36. The system of claim 16 further comprising means for analyzing the detected emission radiation.
37. The system of claim 16 wherein said means for exposing comprises means for exposing the sample sequentially to each of the plurality of selected wavelengths.
38. The system of claim 16 wherein said means for exposing comprises means for exposing the sample sequentially to each of the plurality of selected wavelengths and wherein one of the plurality of selected wavelengths is selected to identify a specific interferent particle.
39. The system of claim 19 wherein operation of said means for concentrating the airborne particulate material results in increased sensitivity of said means for detecting.
40. A sensor system comprising:
a size-separation component operative to collect a sample of airborne particulate material and to deposit selected particulate matter from the sample having a size within a predetermined range on a medium;
a sensor component operative to expose the selected particulate matter to electromagnetic excitation radiation having a plurality of selected wavelengths and to detect electromagnetic emission radiation emitted from the selected particulate matter in response to the excitation radiation; and
an analyzer component operative to execute an analysis of the selected particulate matter using data representative of the emission radiation acquired by said sensor component.
41. The system of claim 40 wherein said size-separation component deposits the selected particulate matter on a filter medium.
42. The system of claim 41 wherein said size-separation component comprises a virtual impactor.
43. The system of claim 40 wherein said sensor component comprises an ultraviolet spectral fluorescence detector.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. An electrical connector comprising:
a first contact comprising a first distal end;
a second contact comprising a first distal end, wherein the first and second contacts define a first linear array extending along a first direction; and
a third contact in a second linear array that is adjacent to the first linear array, the second linear array extending along the first direction, the third contact comprising a first distal end that is offset along the first direction relative to the first distal end of the first contact, wherein the first and third contacts form a differential signal pair, and
wherein the third contact is structurally identical to the first contact and is oriented 180\xb0 about an imaginary axis that extends in a direction perpendicular to the first direction.
2. The electrical connector of claim 1, wherein each of the first and second contacts are at least partially received in a first lead frame assembly, and wherein the third contact is at least partially received in a second lead frame assembly.
3. The electrical connector of claim 2, wherein the second lead frame assembly is structurally identical to the first lead frame assembly and is oriented 180\xb0 about the imaginary axis that extends in the direction perpendicular to the first direction.
4. The electrical connector of claim 2, wherein the second lead frame assembly abuts the first lead frame assembly.
5. The electrical connector of claim 4, wherein the first lead frame assembly comprises an indentation and the second lead frame assembly comprises a protrusion, and wherein the protrusion is received in the indentation.
6. The electrical connector of claim 5, wherein the protrusion extends from the first lead frame assembly and abuts a substrate when the electrical connector is electrically connected to the substrate.
7. The electrical connector of claim 4, further comprising a third lead frame assembly adjacent to and spaced apart from the second lead frame assembly.
8. The electrical connector of claim 1, wherein the connector is devoid of a grounding plane.
9. The electrical connector of claim 1, wherein the connector is devoid of ground contacts.
10. The electrical connector of claim 1, wherein the first contact comprises a first body extending between a first mating end and a first terminal end,
wherein the second contact comprises a second body extending between a second mating end and a second terminal end,
wherein the third contact comprises a third body extending between a third mating end and a third terminal end,
wherein the first and second bodies define a first plane, and
wherein the first and third bodies define a second plane that is perpendicular to the first plane.
11. The electrical connector of claim 1, further comprising:
a housing, wherein the first, second, and third contacts are received in the housing, and wherein the housing is disposed for flat rock tooling to connect the electric connector to a substrate.
12. A system, comprising:
a first electrical connector comprising,
a first contact comprising a first distal end;
a second contact comprising a first distal end, wherein the first and second contacts define a first linear array extending along a first direction;
a third contact in a second linear array that is adjacent to the first linear array, the second linear array extending along the first direction, the third contact comprising a first distal end that is offset along the first direction relative to the first distal end of the first contact, wherein the first and third contacts form a differential signal pair, wherein the third contact is structurally identical to the first contact and is oriented 180\xb0 about an imaginary axis that extends in a direction perpendicular to the first direction; and
a second electrical connector comprising,
a fourth contact electrically connected to the first contact; and
a fifth contact electrically connected to the third contact.
13. The system of claim 12, wherein the second connector further comprises a connector body, wherein the fourth and fifth contacts are at least partially received in the connector body and the fourth contact is adapted to be removed from the connector body while the fifth contact remains connected to a substrate.
14. The system of claim 12, further comprising:
a substrate comprising a first side and a second side opposite the first side, wherein the second connector is electrically connected to the first side of the substrate; and
a third connector electrically connected to the second side of the substrate, the third connector comprising a structure that is the same as the first connector, wherein the third connector is in a position that is oriented 90\xb0 relative to the first connector.
15. An electrical connector comprising:
a first contact comprising a first distal end;
a second contact comprising a first distal end, wherein the first and second contacts define a first linear array extending along a first direction; and
a third contact in a second linear array that is adjacent to the first linear array, the second linear array extending along the first direction, the third contact comprising a first distal end that is offset along the first direction relative to the first distal end of the first contact, wherein the first and third contacts form a differential signal pair,
wherein each of the first and second contacts are at least partially received in a first lead frame assembly,
wherein the third contact is at least partially received in a second lead frame assembly, and
wherein the second lead frame assembly is structurally identical to the first lead frame assembly and is oriented 180\xb0 about an imaginary axis that extends in a direction perpendicular to the first direction.
16. The electrical connector of claim 15, wherein the second lead frame assembly abuts the first lead frame assembly.
17. The electrical connector of claim 15, wherein the first lead frame assembly comprises an indentation and the second lead frame assembly comprises a protrusion, and wherein the protrusion is received in the indentation.
18. The electrical connector of claim 17, wherein the protrusion extends from the first lead frame assembly and abuts a substrate when the electrical connector is electrically connected to the substrate.
19. The electrical connector of claim 15, further comprising a third lead frame assembly adjacent to and spaced apart from the second lead frame assembly.
20. The electrical connector of claim 15, wherein the connector is devoid of a grounding plane.
21. The electrical connector of claim 15, wherein the connector is devoid of ground contacts.
22. The electrical connector of claim 15, wherein the first contact comprises a first body extending between a first mating end and a first terminal end,
wherein the second contact comprises a second body extending between a second mating end and a second terminal end,
wherein the third contact comprises a third body extending between a third mating end and a third terminal end,
wherein the first and second bodies define a first plane, and
wherein the first and third bodies define a second plane that is perpendicular to the first plane.
23. The electrical connector of claim 15, further comprising a housing, wherein the first, second, and third contacts are received in the housing, and wherein the housing is disposed for flat rock tooling to connect the electric connector to a substrate.