1. A class-based tracking system for shipping containers, comprising:
(a) a plurality of wireless radio frequency data communication devices respectively attached to shipping containers, each wireless radio frequency data communication device including,
(i) memory in which is stored a class designation of the wireless radio frequency data communications device;
(ii) a radio frequency transmitter component and receiver component for wirelessly sending and receiving data packets; and
(iii) electronics for processing data;
(iv) wherein the wireless radio frequency data communications device is configured to filter a wireless communication received by it for an identification of its class designation within the communication, and
(A) process the communication if an identification of its class designation is found therein, and
(B) not process the communication if an identification of its class designation is not found therein,
(v) wherein the memory includes a profile stored therein, the profile including the class designation of the wireless radio frequency data communication device and a list of attributes or personalities that invoke operating system functions of the wireless radio frequency data communication device, and
(vi) wherein the wireless radio frequency data communications device is configured to dynamically and automatically change its class designation in accordance with the profile;
(b) a plurality of gateways arranged at respective locations along transportation routes of the shipping containers, each gateway configured for communications with each of the plurality of wireless radio frequency data communication devices attached to the shipping containers when within communication range thereof; and
(c) an application server for sending communications to, and receiving communications from, the plurality of wireless radio frequency data communication devices attached to the shipping containers through the plurality of gateways;
(d) wherein the application server and gateways are configured for communications over the Internet, satellite communications network, cellular communications network, or combination of the foregoing.
2. The class-based tracking system for shipping containers of claim 1, wherein at least some of the wireless radio frequency data communications devices each is configured to automatically change its class designation in response to a change in its current location.
3. The class-based tracking system for shipping containers of claim 2, wherein the class designation that is acquired is representative of its current location.
4. The class-based tracking system for shipping containers of claim 1, wherein at least some of the wireless radio frequency data communications devices each is configured to automatically change its class designation in response to a change in its status.
5. The class-based tracking system for shipping containers of claim 4, wherein the class designation that is acquired is representative of its status.
6. The class-based tracking system for shipping containers of claim 1, wherein at least some of the wireless radio frequency data communications devices each is configured to automatically change its class designation in response to a change in its operational characteristics.
7. The class-based tracking system for shipping containers of claim 1, wherein the wireless radio frequency data communication devices are configured to change its class designation in response to a wireless communication representing a command to change its class designation.
8. The class-based tracking system for shipping containers of claim 2, wherein at least some of the wireless radio frequency data communication devices each further includes an interface for receiving sensor-acquired information.
9. A class-based tracking system for assets in transit, comprising:
(a) a plurality of wireless radio frequency data communication devices respectively disposed in wireless radio frequency communication range of assets to be monitored, each wireless radio frequency data communication device including,
(i) memory in which is stored a class designation of the wireless radio frequency data communications device;
(ii) a radio frequency transmitter component and receiver component for wirelessly sending and receiving data packets; and
(iii) electronics for processing data;
(iv) wherein the wireless radio frequency data communications device is configured to filter a wireless communication received by it for an identification of its class designation within the communication, and
(A) process the communication if an identification of its class designation is found therein, and
(B) not process the communication if an identification of its class designation is not found therein,
(v) wherein the memory includes a profile stored therein, the profile including the class designation of the wireless radio frequency data communication device and a list of attributes or personalities that invoke operating system functions of the wireless radio frequency data communication device, and
(vi) wherein the wireless radio frequency data communications device is configured to dynamically and automatically change its class designation in accordance with the profile;
(b) a plurality of gateways arranged at respective locations along transit routes of the assets, each gateway configured for communications with each of the plurality of wireless radio frequency data communication devices when within communication range thereof; and
(c) at least one application server for sending communications to, and receiving communications from, the plurality of wireless radio frequency data communication devices through the plurality of gateways;
(d) wherein the at least one application server and the gateways are configured for communications over the Internet, satellite communications network, cellular communications network, or combination of the foregoing.
10. The class-based tracking system for assets in transit of claim 9, wherein a respective wireless tag, that is read by one of the plurality of the wireless radio frequency data communication devices, is attached to each asset to be tracked.
11. The class-based tracking system for assets in transit of claim 9, wherein at least some of the wireless radio frequency data communications devices each is configured to automatically change its class designation in response to a change in its current location.
12. The class-based tracking system for assets in transit of claim 11, wherein the class designation that is acquired is representative of its current location.
13. The class-based tracking system for assets in transit of claim 9, wherein at least some of the wireless radio frequency data communications devices each is configured to automatically change its class designation in response to a change in its status.
14. The class-based tracking system for assets in transit of claim 13, wherein the class designation that is acquired is representative of its status.
15. The class-based tracking system for assets in transit of claim 9, wherein at least some of the wireless radio frequency data communications devices each is configured to automatically change its class designation in response to a change in its operational characteristics.
16. The class-based tracking system for assets in transit of claim 9, wherein the wireless radio frequency data communication devices each is configured to change its class designation in response to a wireless communication representing a command to change its class designation.
17. The class-based tracking system for assets in transit of claim 9, wherein at least some of the wireless radio frequency data communication devices each further includes an interface for receiving sensor-acquired information.
18. A class-based system for monitoring assets in a building, comprising:
(a) a plurality of wireless radio frequency data communication devices respectively disposed in wireless radio frequency communication range of assets to be monitored, each wireless radio frequency data communication device including,
(i) memory in which is stored a class designation of the wireless radio frequency data communications device;
(ii) a radio frequency transmitter component and receiver component for wirelessly sending and receiving data packets; and
(iii) electronics for processing data;
(iv) wherein the wireless radio frequency data communications device is configured to filter a wireless communication received by it for an identification of its class designation within the communication, and
(A) process the communication if an identification of its class designation is found therein, and
(B) not process the communication if an identification of its class designation is not found therein,
(v) wherein the memory includes a profile stored therein, the profile including the class designation of the wireless radio frequency data communication device and a list of attributes or personalities that invoke operating system functions of the wireless radio frequency data communication device, and
(vi) wherein the wireless radio frequency data communications device is configured to dynamically and automatically change its class designation in accordance with the profile;
(b) a plurality of gateways arranged at respective locations within the building, each gateway configured for communications with each of the plurality of wireless radio frequency data communication devices when within communication range thereof; and
(c) at least one application server for sending communications to, and receiving communications from, the plurality of wireless radio frequency data communication devices through the plurality of gateways.
19. The class-based system for monitoring assets in a building of claim 18, wherein the at least one application server and the gateways are configured for communications over the Internet, satellite communications network, cellular communications network, a wired network, or combination of the foregoing.
20. The class-based system for monitoring assets in a building of claim 18, wherein a respective wireless tag, that is read by one of the plurality of the wireless radio frequency data communication devices, is attached to each asset to be monitored, and wherein the assets are arranged on pallets, and wherein each pallet includes one of the wireless radio frequency data communication devices attached thereto.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. Lysine derivatives containing an Ne-alkoxy or Ne-alkenoxycarbonyl group of formula:
6
in which:
R represents a linear or branched C13-C24, alkyl radical, the C16 radical being branched, or a linear or branched C8-C24 alkenyl radical, and the salts of the said compounds of formula (I) as well as their optical isomers of D or L configuration or their mixtures.
2. Lysine derivatives according to claim 1, characterized in that the said salts are salts of inorganic or organic cations.
3. Lysine derivatives according to either of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that they are chosen from the group consisting of Ne-2-hexyldecyloxycarbonyl-L-lysine, Ne-2-decyltetradecyloxycarbonyl-L-lysine and Ne-tetradecyloxycarbonyl-L-lysine.
4. Lysine derivatives according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the said derivatives have a melting point greater than 250 C. and have a particle size of between 10 nm and 500 m and preferably between 0.1 and 25 m.
5. Process for the preparation of the lysine derivatives of formula (I) as defined according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it consists in reacting lysine or one of its salts, of known configuration, in aqueous medium and at basic pH, with a solution of a copper salt, in then reacting the solution of the copper complex thus obtained, of formula:
7
with a compound of formula:
8
in which:
R is as defined according to claim 1,
and X is chosen from the group consisting of a chlorine atom, a chloromethyl radical and an imidazolyl radical, the said compound of formula (III) being added without solvent, and
in treating the copper salt of the Ne-substituted lysine thus obtained with a decomplexing agent and, optionally, in purifying the compound obtained.
6. Preparation process according to claim 5, characterized in that the said copper salt solution is a copper sulphate solution.
7. Preparation process according to either of claims 5 and 6, characterized in that the decomplexing agent is an aqueous solution of the disodium salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid.
8. Cosmetic, pharmaceutical, hygiene or food composition, characterized in that it contains a lysine derivative corresponding to the following formula:
9
in which:
R represents a linear or branched C8-C24 alkyl or alkenyl radical, and the salts of the said compounds of formula (I) as well as their optical isomers of D or L configuration or their mixtures.
9. Composition according to claim 8, characterized in that the lysine derivative of formula (I) is chosen from the group consisting of Ne-2-ethylhexyloxycarbonyl-L-lysine, Ne-dodecyloxycarbonyl-L-lysine, Ne-hexadecyloxycarbonyl-L-lysine, Ne-decyloxycarbonyl-L-lysine, Ne-2-butyloctyloxycarbonyl-L-lysine, Ne-2-hexyldecyloxycarbonyl-L-lysine, Ne-2-decyltetradecyloxycarbonyl-L-lysine and Ne-tetradecyloxycarbonyl-L-lysine.
10. Composition according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the said lysine derivative is present in a proportion of between 0.05% and 80% by weight with respect to the total weight of the composition.
11. Composition according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the said lysine derivative is present in a proportion of between 1% and 30% by weight with respect to the total weight of the composition.
12. Composition according to any one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that it additionally contains at least one additive chosen from the group consisting of surface-active agents, fatty substances, organic solvents, silicones, thickeners, emollients, sunscreening agents, treating agents, anti-foaming agents, moisturizing agents, fragrances, preservatives, anti-oxidizing agents, sequestrants, flavouring agents, basifying or acidifying agents, fillers and inorganic or organic powders.
13. Use of a lysine derivative corresponding to the formula (I) according to claims 8 and 9 as substance for coating substrate particles.
14. Use of a lysine derivative according to claim 13, characterized in that the substrate particles are chosen from optionally coloured insoluble fillers.
15. Use of a lysine derivative according to claim 14, characterized in that the said fillers are chosen from metal oxides or zinc, iron, titanium, manganese, cerium andor zirconium, and their nanopigments, or nylon, polyethylene, mica or talc powders.