1. A method of providing weather radar images to a flight crew of an aircraft, the method comprising:
obtaining radar data corresponding to at least one signal reflected off of a weather system;
based on the radar data, computationally classifying the weather system as being of a first type of a plurality of weather-system types;
after classifying the weather system, image processing the radar data, the image processing yielding an image representing the weather system and corresponding to the first weather-system type; and
displaying the image on a display device.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the radar data is stored in a three-dimensional buffer.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein classifying the weather system comprises employing signal processing techniques to perform one of correction or rejection of sets of the radar data contaminated by noise artifacts.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the weather system has an associated set of quantifiable features; and classifying the weather system comprises normalizing the features.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein classifying the weather system further comprises employing dimensionality reduction techniques to eliminate redundant ones of said quantifiable features.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein classifying the weather system comprises correlating the radar data with empirically determined patterns corresponding to respective weather-system types.
7. The method of claim 1 wherein the image is displayed in a manner visually distinguishable from other images displayed on the display device.
8. The method of claim 1 wherein the image comprises a three dimensional representation of the weather system.
9. The method of claim 1, further comprising displaying on the display device the spatial relationship between the weather system and an intended flight path of the aircraft.
10. An aircraft weather-radar system comprising:
a display; and
a processor coupled to the display, the processor configured to:
obtain radar data corresponding to at least one signal reflected off of a weather system;
based on the radar data, computationally classify the weather system as being of a first type of a plurality of weather-system types;
after classifying the weather system, image process the radar data, the image processing yielding an image representing the weather system and corresponding to the first weather-system type; and
display the image on a display device.
11. The system of claim 10, further comprising a three-dimensional buffer within which the radar data is stored.
12. The system of claim 10 wherein the processor is further configured to employ signal processing techniques to perform one of correction or rejection of sets of the radar data contaminated by noise artifacts.
13. The system of claim 10 wherein the weather system has an associated set of quantifiable features; and
wherein the processor is further configured to normalize the features.
14. The system of claim 13 wherein the processor is further configured to employ dimensionality reduction techniques to eliminate redundant ones of said quantifiable features.
15. The system of claim 10 wherein the processor is further configured to correlate the radar data with empirically determined patterns corresponding to respective weather-system types.
16. The system of claim 10 wherein the image is displayed in a manner visually distinguishable from other images displayed on the display device.
17. The system of claim 10 wherein the image comprises a three dimensional representation of the weather system.
18. The system of claim 10 wherein the processor is further configured to display on the display device the spatial relationship between the weather system and an intended flight path of the aircraft.
19. The system of claim 18 wherein the processor is further configured to provide an alerting signal if the intended flight path of the aircraft passes through the weather system.
20. A computer-readable medium including instructions that, when executed by a processor onboard an aircraft, enable the processor to perform steps comprising:
obtaining radar data corresponding to at least one signal reflected off of a weather system;
based on the radar data, computationally classifying the weather system as being of a first type of a plurality of weather-system types;
after classifying the weather system, image processing the radar data, the image processing yielding an image representing the weather system and corresponding to the first weather-system type; and
displaying the image on a display device.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A short arc type discharge lamp comprising:
a pair of electrodes, at least one of which has an electrode main body portion and an axis portion,
wherein in the at least one of the electrodes, the axis portion has an outer diameter smaller than that of the electrode main body portion, and
at least one groove extending in an axis line direction of the electrode is formed in the electrode main body portion.
2. A short arc type discharge lamp comprising:
a pair of electrodes, at least one of which has an electrode main body portion, an axis portion and a taper portion which is formed between the electrode main body portion and the axis portion,
wherein in the at least one of the electrodes, the axis portion has an outer diameter smaller than that of the electrode main body portion,
as an outer diameter of the taper portion becomes gradually smaller from a side of the electrode main body portion toward a side of the axis portion, and
at least one groove extending in an axis line direction of the electrode is formed in the taper portion.
3. A short arc type discharge lamp comprising:
a pair of electrodes, at least one of which has an electrode main body portion and an axis portion,
wherein in the at least one of the electrodes, the axis portion has an outer diameter smaller than that of the electrode main body portion, and
at least one groove extending in an axis line direction of the electrode is formed in the axis portion.
4. The short arc type discharge lamp according to claim 1, wherein the groove is a V-shape in a cross sectional view thereof, taken in a diameter direction of the electrode.
5. The short arc type discharge lamp according to claim 2, wherein two or more of the grooves are formed and, the grooves are a V-shape in a cross sectional view thereof, taken in a diameter direction of the electrode.
6. The short arc type discharge lamp according to claim 3, wherein the groove is a V-shape in a cross sectional view thereof, taken in a diameter direction of the electrode.
7. The short arc type discharge lamp according to claim 4, wherein a heat retention portion is formed between a pair of the grooves and the heat retention portion is a lemon wedge shape in a cross sectional view thereof, taken in a diameter direction of the electrode.
8. The short arc type discharge lamp according to claim 5, wherein a heat retention portion is formed between a pair of the grooves and the heat retention portion is a lemon wedge shape in a cross sectional view thereof, taken in a diameter direction of the electrode.
9. The short arc type discharge lamp according to claim 6, wherein a heat retention portion is formed between a pair of the grooves and the heat retention portion is a lemon wedge shape in a cross sectional view thereof, taken in a diameter direction of the electrode.
10. The short arc type discharge lamp according to claim 1, wherein isolated crystal grains are formed in both sides of the groove.
11. The short arc type discharge lamp according to claim 2, wherein isolated crystal grains are formed in both sides of the groove.
12. The short arc type discharge lamp according to claim 3, wherein isolated crystal grains are formed in both sides of the groove.
13. The short arc type discharge lamp according to claim 1, wherein the groove is formed by irradiating the at least one of the electrodes with an energy beam.
14. The short arc type discharge lamp according to claim 2, wherein the groove is formed by irradiating the at least one of the electrodes with an energy beam.
13. The short arc type discharge lamp according to claims 3, wherein the groove is formed by irradiating the at least one of the electrodes with an energy beam.