1. A terminal to process a physical layer header for a received wireless signal, the terminal comprising:
a receiver module configured to receive the wireless signal transmitted via a satellite;
an AD module, communicatively coupled with the receiver module, and configured to process the received wireless signal to generate a digitized stream of symbols comprising a physical layer signal; and
a header processing module, communicatively coupled with the AD module, and configured to:
search the received wireless signal for a code block of a first physical layer header corresponding to a start of frame location; and
process the code block to identify the start of frame location, wherein the code block further comprises signaling information attributable to the payload of the frame.
2. The terminal of claim 1, wherein the header processing module is further configured to decode the code block to identify the signaling information.
3. The terminal of claim 1, wherein the header processing module is further configured to:
decode the code block utilizing a fast hadamard transform function on each of a plurality of sub-blocks comprising the code block to thereby identify a maximum likelihood transmitted data pattern.
4. The terminal of claim 1, wherein the header processing module is further configured to:
utilize the identified start of frame location to achieve frame synchronization and thereby identify a second physical layer header arriving after the first physical layer header; and
decode a code block of the second physical layer header to identify signaling information for a payload associated with the second physical layer header.
5. The terminal of claim 1, wherein the signaling information comprises a modulation and coding format attributable to the payload.
6. The terminal of claim 1, wherein the signaling information comprises a sub-channel identifier indicating whether the payload is to be demodulated and decoded by the terminal.
7. The terminal of claim 1, wherein the code block comprises a plurality of sub-blocks, wherein a first set of one or more of the sub-blocks includes the signaling information and a second set of one or more of the sub-blocks includes parity information.
8. The terminal of claim 7, wherein,
the plurality of sub-blocks comprises three adjacent Walsh code sub-blocks;
two of the Walsh code sub-blocks includes the signaling information and one of the Walsh code sub-blocks include the parity information; and
the start of frame location is identified by correlating a first half and a second half of a Walsh code block, for each of three adjacent Walsh code blocks.
9. A method of processing a wireless signal, the method comprising:
processing the wireless signal to generate a digitized stream of symbols comprising a physical layer signal representative of the wireless signal;
searching the digitized stream of symbols for a code block of a physical layer header corresponding to a start of frame location; and
processing a portion of the digitized stream comprising the code block to identify the start of frame location, wherein the code block further comprises signaling information attributable to a payload of the frame.
10. The method of claim 9, further comprising:
decoding the code block to identify the signaling information.
11. The method of claim 9, further comprising:
utilizing the identified start of frame location to achieve frame synchronization and thereby identify a second physical layer header in the digitized stream arriving after the first physical layer header; and
decoding a code block of the second physical layer header to identify signaling information for a payload associated with the second physical layer header.
12. The method of claim 11, wherein the code block of the second physical layer header is formatted to be useable by a receiver to identify a start of frame.
13. The method of claim 9, wherein the signaling information comprises a modulation and coding format attributable to the payload and a sub-channel identifier indicating whether the payload is to be demodulated and decoded by the terminal.
14. The method of claim 9, wherein,
the code block comprises a plurality of adjacent Walsh code sub-blocks; and
a first set of one or more of the Walsh code sub-blocks includes the signaling information and a second one of the Walsh code sub-blocks includes parity information.
15. The method of claim 9, wherein the start of frame location is identified by:
correlating a first half and a second half of each of the adjacent Walsh code blocks.
16. A system for transmitting a wireless signal, the system comprising:
a gateway configured to:
generate a code block comprising a physical layer header of a physical layer frame, the code block identifying signaling information for a payload of the frame and further formatted to be useable by a receiver to identify a start of the frame; and
transmit the physical layer header and the payload appended thereto, the payload transmitted according to the signaling information; and
a terminal, in wireless communication with the gateway via satellite, and configured to:
receive and process the wireless signal to generate a digitized stream of symbols comprising a physical layer signal representative of the wireless signal;
search the digitized stream of symbols for the code block; and
process a portion of the digitized stream comprising the code block to identify a start of frame location.
17. A gateway to generate a wireless signal, the gateway comprising:
a receiver module configured to receive a set of data to be transmitted via a satellite destined for a user terminal;
an adaptive coding and modulation module, communicatively coupled with the receiver module, and configured to dynamically assign a modulation and coding format for the set of data based on link conditions for the user terminal;
a physical layer header encoder module, communicatively coupled with the adaptive coding and modulation module, and configured to generate a code block comprising a physical layer header identifying the assigned modulation and coding format, wherein the code block is formatted to be useable by a receiver to identify the start of frame; and
a transmitter module, communicatively coupled with the encoder module, and configured to transmit the physical layer header and the set of data appended thereto, the set of data transmitted according to the assigned modulation and coding format.
18. The gateway of claim 17, wherein to generate the code block, the physical layer header encoder module generates a plurality of adjacent sub-blocks together comprising the code block, a first set of one or more of the sub-blocks including the modulation and coding format and a second set of one or more of the sub-blocks including parity information for the first set.
19. The gateway of claim 18, wherein,
the plurality of sub-blocks comprise three Walsh code sub-blocks;
the start of frame location is identified by correlating a first half and a second half of a Walsh code block, for each of three adjacent Walsh code blocks; and
the physical layer header does not include a unique word or fixed synchronization pattern known at the receiver.
20. A method of generating a wireless signal, the method comprising:
setting signaling information attributable to a payload of a physical layer frame;
generating a code block comprising a physical layer header of the physical layer frame, the code block identifying the signaling information and further formatted to be useable by a receiving terminal to identify a start of frame; and
transmitting the physical layer frame comprising the physical layer header and the payload appended thereto, the payload transmitted according to the signaling information.
21. The method of claim 20, wherein generating the code block comprises:
generating the code block comprising signaling information including a modulation and coding format attributable to the payload and a sub-channel identifier indicating whether the payload is to be demodulated and decoded by a receiving terminal.
22. The method of claim 20, further comprising:
assigning a modulation and coding format to the payload based in a link condition for a receiving terminal,
wherein the code block comprises a plurality of sub-blocks, a first set of one or more of the sub-blocks including the assigned modulation and coding format and a second set of one or more of the sub-blocks including parity information for the first set.
23. The method of claim 22, wherein each of the plurality of sub-blocks is adjacent.
24. The method of claim 22, wherein,
the plurality of sub-blocks comprise three Walsh code sub-blocks; and
the start of frame location is identified by correlating a first half and a second half of a Walsh code block, for each of three adjacent Walsh code blocks.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A start control device for an internal combustion engine having an exhaust gas purifying catalyst, comprising engine rotational speed detecting means, ignition timing changing means, a valve mechanism which is set in a intake pipe and adjusts an air intake, and control means,
wherein the control means sets a valve opening of the valve mechanism to a starting opening in a cold start mode of the engine when the engine rotational speed detected by the engine rotational-speed detecting means increases above a start decision rotational speed, then maintains the valve opening until the engine rotational speed detected by the engine rotational-speed detecting means increases to a target rotational speed after an ignition timing is advanced by the ignition timing changing means, and increases the valve opening and causes the ignition timing changing means to retard an ignition timing when the engine rotational speed becomes higher than the target rotational speed.
2. A start control device for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the control means causes the ignition timing changing means to retard the ignition timing only during a period in which the rotational speed is increased above the target rotational speed.
3. A start control device for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the control means causes the ignition timing changing means to retard the ignition timing after increasing the valve opening if the engine rotational speed is increased above the target rotational speed in the cold start mode of the engine.
4. A start control device for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the control means first sets the valve opening to an initial opening in the cold start mode of the engine and then increases the valve opening to the starting opening.
5. A start control device for an internal combustion engine according to claim 3, wherein the control means first sets the valve opening to an initial opening in the cold start mode of the engine and then increases the valve opening to the starting opening if the engine rotational speed is increased above a start decision rotational speed.
6. A start control device for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the control means is provided with starting air-fuel ratio leaning means which leans out an air-fuel ratio at the start of operation of the engine.
7. A start control method for an internal combustion engine having an exhaust gas purifying catalyst, comprising control steps including an engine rotational speed detecting step of detecting a rotational speed of the engine, an ignition timing changing step of changing an ignition timing, and an air intake adjustment step of adjusting an air intake by means of a valve mechanism set in a intake pipe,
the control steps include setting a valve opening of the valve mechanism to a starting opening in a cold start mode of the engine in the air intake adjustment step when the engine rotational speed detected in the engine rotational speed detecting step increases above a start decision rotational speed, then maintaining the valve opening until the engine rotational speed detected in the engine rotational speed detecting step increases to a target rotational speed after the ignition timing is advanced in the ignition timing changing step, and increasing the valve opening and retarding the ignition timing in the air intake adjustment step and the ignition timing changing step, respectively, when the engine rotational speed becomes higher than the target rotational speed.
8. A start control method for an internal combustion engine according to claim 7, wherein the control steps include retarding the ignition timing in the ignition timing changing step only during a period in which the rotational speed is increased above the target rotational speed.
9. A start control method for an internal combustion engine according to claim 7, wherein the control steps include retarding the ignition timing in the ignition timing changing step after increasing the valve opening in the air intake adjustment step if the engine rotational speed is increased above the target rotational speed in the cold start mode of the engine.
10. A start control method for an internal combustion engine according to claim 7, wherein the control steps include first setting the valve opening to an initial opening in the cold start mode of the engine in the air intake adjustment step and then increasing the valve opening to the starting opening.
11. A start control method for an internal combustion engine according to claim 9, wherein the control steps include first setting the valve opening to an initial opening in the cold start mode of the engine in the air intake adjustment step and then increasing the valve opening to the starting opening in the air intake adjustment step if the engine rotational speed is increased above a start decision rotational speed.
12. A start control method for an internal combustion engine according to claim 7, wherein the control steps include a starting air-fuel ratio leaning means step of leaning out an air-fuel ratio at the start of operation of the engine.