1. A method of detecting the presence of an analyte in an ion mobility spectrometer comprising:
(a) introducing a sample comprising one or more analyte molecules into an ionization region
(b) supplying an ionization reagent, wherein the ionization reagent has the formula:
wherein R1 is selected from the group consisting of straight or branched chain alkyl, straight or branched chain alkenyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocycle, and heterocycle,
wherein R2 and R3 are independently selected from the from the group consisting of H, straight or branched chain alkyl, straight or branched chain alkenyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocycle, and heterocycle, and
wherein the ionization reagent is not nicotinamide;
(c) generating a reagent ion;
(d) allowing the reagent ion to interact with the one or more analyte molecules, wherein the interaction yields one or more analyte ions;
(e) introducing a sample vapor containing one or more analyte ions into a drift region; and
(f) detecting the presence of the one or more analyte ions in the sample from a drift time of the analyte ion through the drift region.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein R1 is a C3 alkyl, and wherein R2 and R3 are H.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the amide is isobutyramide.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein R1 is a phenyl or an aniline group, and wherein R2 and R3 are independently selected from the from the group consisting of straight or branched chain alkyl, straight or branched chain alkenyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocycle, and heterocycle.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein R2 is CH3, and wherein R3 is C2H5.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein R2 is a phenyl and R3 is a CnH(2n+1) alkyl.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein more than one analyte ion for a single analyte is produced, wherein each of more than one analyte ions demonstrate a different drift time.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the analyte is selected from the group consisting of explosive, narcotic, biological warfare agent, toxin, and chemical warfare agent.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the explosive is selected from the group consisting of hexamethylenetriperoxidediamine, triacetone triperoxide, and combinations thereof.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the explosive is triacetone triperoxide.
11. The method of claim 8, wherein the narcotic is selected from the group consisting of 6-acetylmorphine, alprazolam, amobarbital, amphetamine, antipyrine, benzocaine, benzoylecgonine, bromazepam, butalbital, carbetapentane, cathinone, chloradiazepoxide, chlorpheniramine, cocaethylene, cocaine, codeine, diazepam, ecgonine, ecognine methyl ester (EME), ephedrine, fentanyl, flunitrazepam, hashish, heroin, hydrocodone, hydromorphone, ketamine, lidocaine, lorazepam, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), lysergic acid, N-methyl-1-3(3,4-methylenedioxyohenyl)-2-butanamine (MBDB), 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), DL-3,4-methylenedioxyethylamphetamine (MDEA), methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), marijuana, mescaline, methadone, methamphetamine, methaqualone, methcathinone, morphine, noscapine, opium, oxazepam, oxycodone, phencyclidine (PCP), pentobarbital, phenobarbital, procaine, psilocybin, secobarbital, temazepam, THC, THC\u2014COOH, triazolam, pharmaceutical drugs, and combinations thereof.
12. The method of claim 8, wherein the chemical warfare agent or toxin is selected from the group consisting of amiton (VG), anthrax, chloropicrin, ethyl N,N-dimethyl phosphoramicocyanidate (Tabun), isopropyl methyl phosphonofluoridate (Sarin), pinacolyl methyl phosphonefluoridate (Soman), ethyl-, isopropyl ester (GE), ethyl-, S-(2-(diethylamino)ethyl) O-ethyl ester (VE), phosphonothioic acid, methyl-, S-(2-(diethylamino)ethyl) O-ethyl ester (VM), mustard-T mixture, nitrogen mustard 1, nitrogen mustard 2, nitrogen mustard 3, phenyldichloroarsine, phosgene oxime, sesqui mustard, adamsite, aflatoxin, botulinus toxin, ricin, saxitoxin, trichothecene mycotoxin, methylphosphonothioic acid S-(2-(bis(1-methylethyl)amino)ethyl) O-ethyl ester (VX), cyclohexyl methylphosphonofluoridate (GF), and combinations thereof.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A towed agricultural machine for tilling or for sowing seeds, the machine comprising a machine frame and tillage tools arranged thereon, and further comprising a packer unit arranged subsequent to the tillage tools in the driving direction of the machine, the machine being characterized in that:
the packer unit, which is pivotally and height adjustably journaled on the machine frame, comprises a module with a running gear as well as packer tools arranged thereon, wherein the module is journaled to be pivotal in relation to the packer unit between two stop positions,
wherein either the running gear or the packer tools face toward the ground or are in contact with the ground in the respective stop positions,
wherein the packer unit is assigned at least one first adjustment device and the module journaled is assigned at least one second adjustment device, wherein the first and second adjustment devices are controllable independently from each other and which are employed for adjusting the packer unit and the module arranged thereon, and
wherein the module comprises a module frame arranged pivotally on the packer frame, with the packer tools and the running gear being rigidly connected to said module frame and wherein the packer tools and the running gear form a rigid unit.
2. The machine as recited in claim 1 wherein the packer unit, hinged onto the machine frame comprises a pivotal and height adjustable packer frame, which is coupled to the machine frame by at least one first adjustment device.
3. The machine as recited in claim 2 wherein the at least one first adjustment device lowers or lifts the packer unit as a whole, said packer unit being hinged on the machine frame and movable about an approximately horizontal swivel axis.
4. The machine as recited in claim 3 wherein the stop positions of the module are defined by a pivoting movement around an approximately horizontally positioned cross tube, and wherein the stop positions are controllable by adjustment movements of at least one second adjustment device.
5. The machine as recited in claim 4 wherein the module comprises one or more cantilever arms for the running gear or for the packer unit arranged on the cross tube, wherein the module comprising the cross tube and the one or more cantilever arms is in itself formed to be rigid.
6. The machine as recited in claim 5 wherein a first and a second operating positions of the machine are each assigned to one of the stop positions of the pivoting range of the cross tube with the one or more cantilever arms for the running gear or the packer unit arranged thereon.
7. The machine as recited in claim 6 wherein the module further comprises at least two outer packer segments arranged on either side of the module, and wherein the running gear serves for transport purposes in the first operating position.
8. A method for the conversion of a towed agricultural machine, the conversion being effected between a first operating mode for tilling or for sowing seeds and a second operating mode for road traffic, wherein the machine comprises a machine frame and tillage tools arranged thereon and further a packer unit arranged subsequent to the tillage tools in the driving direction of the machine, the packer unit being hinged pivotally and height adjustably on the machine frame, and the packer unit being assigned a running gear comprising at least two rear support wheels, which are arranged in the area of the rear end of the machine,
wherein the packer unit is pivotally and height adjustably journaled on the machine frame and comprises a module with the running gear as well as packer tools rigidly arranged thereon, wherein the module is journaled to be pivotal between two stop positions,
wherein either the running gear or the packer tools face toward the ground or are in contact with the ground in the respective stop positions,
wherein the packer unit together with the module journaled thereon are height adjustable or pivotal in relation to the machine frame by a first adjustment device, and
wherein the packer tools and the running gear form a rigid unit,
the method comprising:
switching the module between its two stop positions for driving on the road and for driving on the field by at least one second adjustment device,
wherein an adjustment or a pivoting movement of the module arranged pivotally on the packer frame around an approximately horizontally positioned swivel axis defines the stop positions of said module, and wherein the stop positions are controllable by adjustment movements of the second adjustment device that is hinged onto the packer frame.
9. The method as recited in claim 8 wherein the at least one first adjustment device lowers or lifts the packer unit as a whole, said packer unit being hinged on the machine frame and movable about an approximately horizontal swivel axis.
10. The method as recited in claim 9 wherein, in a first operating position, the running gear or the rear support wheels arranged at the rear end of the machine are brought into an active position for road traffic and the packer unit is brought outside the engagement range with the ground, and wherein, in a second operating position, the running gear, or at least parts of the running gear, are brought into an inactive position out of contact range with the ground and the packer unit is in an active mode in engagement with the ground.
11. The method as recited in claim 10 wherein, in the first operating position, the running gear or the rear support wheels arranged at the rear end of the machine are brought into an active position for road traffic and the packer tools are brought outside the engagement range with the ground, and wherein, in the second operating position, the running gear, or at least parts of the running gear, are brought into an inactive position out of contact range with the ground and the packer tools are in an active mode in engagement with the ground.