What is claimed is:
1. A method for controlling layouts of display elements of a display, said method comprising:
organizing a plurality of control modules into an ancestral tree hierarchy;
managing a layout of a control module by an existing directly related ancestor control module of said hierarchy; and
individually controlling a layout of each display element by a respective control module, the layout of each element being consistent with any requirements imposed by an ancestor of the element’s control module.
2. A method in accordance with claim 1, further comprising:
traversing said hierarchy in depth first traversal order; and
determining formatting metric values for an encountered control module in accordance with said encountered control module’s existing directly related ancestor control module’s formatting metric values and in accordance with the encountered control module’s formatting metric values.
3. A method in accordance with claim 2, further comprising:
maintaining a previous formatting metric value if said previous formatting metric value was updated during an immediately preceding act of controlling a layout.
4. A method in accordance with claim 1, further comprising:
identifying control modules having associated display elements with layouts to be updated.
5. A method in accordance with claim 1, wherein each control module comprises a pluggable, replaceable layout manager policy object for managing respective formats.
6. A method in accordance with claim 1, wherein said formatting metric comprises at least one of preferred size, minimum size, maximum size, and constrained size.
7. A method for controlling layouts of display elements of a display, a layout of each display element being controllable by an associated control module, each control module comprising formatting metrics for controlling a layout of an associated display element, said method comprising:
receiving requested formatting metric values indicative of a request to update a layout of at least one display element;
identifying control modules associated with each display element to be updated;
organizing all control modules into an ancestral tree hierarchy;
traversing said hierarchy in depth first traversal order; and
as each identified control module is encountered:
updating the identified encountered control module’s formatting metric values in accordance with:
said identified encountered control module’s existing directly related ancestor control module’s formatting metric values; and
requested formatting metric values associated with the encountered identified control module’s associated display element.
8. A method in accordance with claim 7, further comprising:
maintaining a previous formatting metric value if said previous formatting metric value was updated during an immediately preceding act of controlling a layout.
9. A method in accordance with claim 7, wherein said formatting metrics comprise at least one of preferred size, minimum size, maximum size, and constrained size.
10. A method in accordance with claim 7, wherein each control module comprises a pluggable, replaceable layout manager policy object for updating respective formats.
11. A system for controlling layouts of display elements of a display, said system comprising:
a display device for providing said display; and
a display processor, coupled to said display device, for individually controlling layouts of each display element, said display processor comprising a plurality of control modules organized in an ancestral tree hierarchy, wherein:
a layout of each display element is controllable by an associated control module; and
each control module’s layout is managed by an existing directly related ancestor control module.
12. A system in accordance with claim 11, each control module comprising:
a pluggable, replaceable layout manager policy object for managing respective layouts; and
a layout interface module for communicating with said display device.
13. A system in accordance with claim 11, each control module further comprising formatting metrics for controlling a format of an associated display element, wherein said formatting metrics comprise at least one of preferred size, minimum size, maximum size, and constrained size.
14. A computer readable medium encoded with a computer program code for directing a computer processor to control layouts of display elements of a display, a format of each display element being controllable by a respective control module, each control module comprising formatting metrics for controlling a format of a respective display element, said program code comprising:
a receive request code segment for causing said computer processor to receive requested formatting metrics indicative of a request to update a format of at least one display element;
an identify code segment for causing said computer processor to identify control modules associated with each display element to be updated;
an organize code segment for causing said computer processor to organize all control modules into an ancestral tree hierarchy;
a traverse code segment for causing said computer processor to traverse said hierarchy in depth first traversal order; and
an update format code segment for causing said computer processor to, as each identified control module is encountered:
update the identified encountered control module’s formatting metric values in accordance with:
said identified encountered control module’s existing directly related ancestor control module’s formatting metric values; and
requested formatting metric values associated with the encountered identified control module’s associated display element.
15. A computer readable medium in accordance with claim 14, said program code further comprising:
a maintain metric code segment for causing said computer processor to maintain a previous formatting metric value if said previous formatting metric value was updated during an immediately preceding act of controlling a layout.
16. A computer readable medium in accordance with claim 14, wherein said formatting metrics comprise at least one of preferred size, minimum size, maximum size, and constrained size.
17. A computer readable medium in accordance with claim 14, wherein each control module comprises a pluggable, replaceable layout manager policy object for updating respective formats.
18. A computer readable medium encoded with a computer program code for directing a computer processor to control layouts of display elements of a display, said program code comprising:
an organize code segment for causing said computer processor to organize a plurality of control modules into an ancestral tree hierarchy;
a manage code segment for causing said computer processor to manage a layout of a control module by an existing directly related ancestor control module of said hierarchy; and
a control code segment for causing said computer processor to individually control a layout of each display element by a respective control module, the layout of each element being consistent with any requirements imposed by an ancestor of the element’s control module.
19. A computer readable medium in accordance with claim 18, said program code further comprising:
a traverse code segment for causing said computer processor to traverse said hierarchy in depth first traversal order; and
a determine code segment for causing said computer processor to determine formatting metric values for an encountered control module in accordance with said encountered control module’s existing directly related ancestor control module’s formatting metric values and in accordance with the encountered control module’s formatting metric values.
20. A computer readable medium in accordance with claim 19, said program code further comprising:
a maintain code segment for causing said computer processor to maintain a previous formatting metric value if said previous formatting metric value was updated during an immediately preceding act of controlling a layout.
21. A computer readable medium in accordance with claim 18, said program code further comprising:
an identify code segment for causing said computer processor to identify control modules having associated display elements with layouts to be updated.
22. A computer readable medium in accordance with claim 18, wherein a format comprises at least one of preferred size, minimum size, maximum size, and constrained size.
23. A computer readable medium in accordance with claim 18, wherein each control module comprises a pluggable, replaceable layout manager policy object for managing respective formats.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. An apparatus for generating a composite signal from a plurality of component signals, comprising:
electronics configured to modulate a carrier utilizing a finite set of composite signal phases to generate a composite signal, the finite set of composite signal phases being determined through an optimization process that minimizes a constant envelope of a phase-modulated carrier, subject to a plurality of intra-signal constraints for the component signals.
2. The apparatus for generating a composite signal of claim 1, wherein the optimization process is further subject to one or more inter-signal constraints between the component signals.
3. The apparatus for generating a composite signal of claim 1, wherein the component signals are satellite navigation signals.
4. The apparatus for generating a composite signal of claim 1, wherein a desired signal power level is determined from the average component signal correlation level for each of the component signals by averaging the composite signal over all possible phase states.
5. The apparatus for generating a composite signal of claim 4, wherein the intra-signal constraints are determined from the desired component signal power levels.
6. The apparatus for generating a composite signal of claim 1, wherein the optimization process includes optimization of an objective function, equal to a constant envelope, subject to constraints which include the intra-signal constraints for each of the component signals and either zero or one or more inter-signal constraints between the component signals.
7. The apparatus for generating a composite signal of claim 6, wherein an optimization algorithm is used to minimize the objective function.
8. The apparatus for generating a composite signal of claim 1, wherein the optimization process includes utilizing the penalty function method.
9. The apparatus for generating a composite signal of claim 1, wherein the composite signal is an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) waveform.
10. The apparatus for generating a composite signal of claim 1, wherein the composite signal is a Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) waveform.
11. The apparatus for generating a composite signal of claim 1, wherein the component signals are PRN spreading codes.
12. The apparatus for generating a composite signal of claim 11, wherein the PRN spreading codes are at a plurality of different carrier frequencies.
13. The apparatus for generating a composite signal of claim 1, wherein the composite signal is derived from Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) component signals.
14. The apparatus for generating a composite signal of claim 1, wherein each of the component signals is at a plurality of carrier frequencies.
15. The apparatus for generating a composite signal of claim 1, wherein the electronics include a modulator configured to utilize multiple finite sets of optimized phase tables, determined through additional optimization processes to accommodate different carrier frequencies.
16. The apparatus for generating a composite signal of claim 15, wherein a number of additional optimizations performed corresponds to a number of phase steps associated with the component signals at a plurality of different carrier frequencies.
17. The apparatus for generating a composite signal of claim 16, wherein the number of phase steps associated with the different carrier frequencies is determined by quantizing the continuous phase rotation of the carrier to ensure a negligible correlation loss.
18. An apparatus for generating a composite signal from a plurality of component signals, comprising:
electronics configured to modulate a carrier utilizing a finite set of composite signal phases to generate a composite signal, the finite set of composite signal phases being determined through an optimization process that minimizes a constant envelope of a phase-modulated carrier, subject to a plurality of constraints on desired signal power levels for the component signals.
19. The apparatus for generating a composite signal of claim 18, wherein the optimization process is further subject to one or more constraints on phase relationships between the component signals.
20. The apparatus for generating a composite signal of claim 18, wherein the component signals are satellite navigation signals.
21. The apparatus for generating a composite signal of claim 18, wherein a desired signal power level is determined from the average component signal correlation level for each of the component signals by averaging the composite signal over all possible phase states.
22. The apparatus for generating a composite signal of claim 21, wherein the constraints are determined from the desired component signal power levels.
23. The apparatus for generating a composite signal of claim 18, wherein the optimization process includes optimization of an objective function, equal to a constant envelope, subject to the constraints, which include intra-signal constraints for each of the component signals and either zero or one or more inter-signal constraints between the component signals.
24. The apparatus for generating a composite signal of claim 23, wherein an optimization algorithm is used to minimize the objective function.
25. The apparatus for generating a composite signal of claim 18, wherein the optimization process includes utilizing the penalty function method.
26. The apparatus for generating a composite signal of claim 18, wherein the composite signal is an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) waveform.
27. The apparatus for generating a composite signal of claim 18, wherein the composite signal is a Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) waveform.
28. The apparatus for generating a composite signal of claim 18, wherein the component signals are PRN spreading codes.
29. The apparatus for generating a composite signal of claim 28, wherein the PRN spreading codes are at a plurality of different carrier frequencies.
30. The apparatus for generating a composite signal of claim 18, wherein the composite signal is derived from Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) component signals.
31. The apparatus for generating a composite signal of claim 18, wherein each of the component signals is at a plurality of carrier frequencies.
32. The apparatus for generating a composite signal of claim 18, wherein the electronics include a modulator configured to utilize multiple finite sets of optimized phase tables, determined through additional optimization processes, to accommodate different carrier frequencies.
33. The apparatus for generating a composite signal of claim 32, wherein a number of additional optimizations performed corresponds to a number of phase steps associated with the component signals at a plurality of different carrier frequencies.
34. The apparatus for generating a composite signal of claim 33, wherein the number of phase steps associated with the different carrier frequencies is determined by quantizing the continuous phase rotation of the carrier to ensure a negligible correlation loss.
35. A method for generating a composite signal from a plurality of component signals, comprising the step of:
modulating a carrier utilizing a finite set of composite signal phases to generate a composite signal, the finite set of composite signal phases being determined through an optimization process that minimizes a constant envelope of a phase modulated carrier, subject to a plurality of constraints on desired signal power levels for the component signals, and either zero or one or more constraints on phase relationships between the component signals.
36. The method for generating a composite signal of claim 35, wherein the component signals are satellite navigation signals.
37. The method for generating a composite signal of claim 35, wherein the component signals are PRN spreading codes.
38. The method for generating a composite signal of claim 37 wherein the PRN spreading codes are at a plurality of different carrier frequencies.
39. The method for generating a composite signal of claim 35, wherein each of the component signals is at a plurality of carrier frequencies.
40. The method for generating a composite signal of claim 35, further including the step of:
utilizing multiple finite sets of optimized phase tables, determined through additional optimization processes, to accommodate different carrier frequencies.
41. A method for forming a composite signal, comprising the steps of:
enumerating MN phase states for combining N signals with M possible signal phases;
formulating N intra-signal constraint equations, each as a function of the MN phase states, to provide intra-signal constraints on the signals;
formulating K<=N(N\u22121)2 inter-signal constraint equations, where K=0 or a positive integer, each as a function of the MN phase states, to provide inter-signal constraints between the signals;
performing an optimization process to minimize a constant envelope for a phase modulated carrier, subject to the intra-signal constraints on the signals and the inter-signal constraints between the signals; and
modulating an RF carrier using phase states determined through the optimization process to produce a composite signal.
42. The method for forming a composite signal of claim 41, wherein performing an optimization process includes optimization of an objective function of the composite signal power.
43. The method for forming a composite signal of claim 42, wherein an optimization algorithm is used to minimize the objective function.
44. The method for forming a composite signal of claim 41, wherein performing an optimization process includes optimization of an objective function of the composite signal envelope.
45. The method for forming a composite signal of claim 44, wherein an optimization algorithm is used to minimize the objective function.
46. The method for forming a composite signal of claim 41, wherein performing an optimization process includes utilizing a penalty function method.
47. The method for forming a composite signal of claim 41, wherein the composite signal includes Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) signals.
48. The method for forming a composite signal of claim 41, wherein the composite signal includes Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) signals.
49. The method for generating a composite signal of claim 41, wherein the component signals are PRN spreading codes.
50. The method for generating a composite signal of claim 49, wherein the PRN spreading codes are at a plurality of different carrier frequencies.
51. The method for generating a composite signal of claim 41, wherein each of the component signals is at a plurality of carrier frequencies.
52. The method for forming a composite signal of claim 41, wherein the composite signal includes Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) signals.
53. The method for forming a composite signal of claim 41, further including the step of:
performing additional optimization processes for different carrier frequencies.
54. The method for forming a composite signal of claim 53, wherein a number of additional optimizations performed corresponds to a number of phase steps associated with the different carrier frequencies.
55. The method for forming a composite signal of claim 54, wherein the number of phase steps associated with the different carrier frequencies is determined by quantizing the continuous phase rotation of the RF carrier to ensure a negligible correlation loss.