1. A journal bearing device for holding a rotor of a rotary machine, the bearing device being divided vertically into an upper bearing and a lower bearing and comprising:
a bearing base metal composed of an upper bearing base metal and a lower bearing base metal;
a bearing liner made of a material different from that of the bearing base metal and composed of an upper bearing liner and a lower bearing liner;
a cooling groove provided in an outer circumferential surface of the lower bearing liner and extending along a circumferential direction of the lower bearing liner; and
means for supplying a lubricant to the cooling groove to ensure that the lubricant flows in the cooling groove in the opposite direction to a rotational direction of the rotor, wherein
the bearing base metal and the bearing liner constitutes a bearing and are integrated with each other by means of a fastening member, and
the lubricant that passes through the cooling groove is supplied to a bearing load-receiving surface of the lower bearing.
2. The journal bearing device according to claim 1, wherein
the means for supplying the lubricant to the cooling groove includes:
an oil supply pocket that is provided in the lower bearing base metal and communicates with the cooling groove; and
an oil pocket that is provided in the lower bearing base metal and communicates with the oil supply pocket;
a lubricant pocket that is provided in the lower bearing base metal and communicates with the oil pocket and an outer circumferential portion of the bearing base metal, and to which the lubricant is supplied from the side of the bearing base metal,
the lubricant pocket is disposed such that the lubricant supplied to the cooling groove through the oil pocket and the oil supply pocket flows in the opposite direction to the rotational direction of the rotor.
3. The journal bearing device according to claim 1, wherein
the upper bearing liner has a second cooling groove and a lubricant introduction hole,
the second cooling groove is provided in an outer circumferential surface of the upper bearing liner, extends along a circumferential direction of the upper bearing liner, and communicates with the cooling groove,
a part of the lubricant that passes through the cooling groove passes through the second cooling groove,
the lubricant introduction hole communicates with the second cooling groove and the shaft-sliding surface located on an inner circumferential side of the bearing liner, and
the lubricant that passes through the second cooling groove passes through the lubricant introduction hole.
4. The journal bearing device according to claim 1, further comprising:
means for supplying a lubricant to the cooling groove and the upper bearing.
5. The journal bearing device according to claim 4, wherein,
the means for supplying the lubricant to the cooling groove and the upper bearing has an oil supply pocket and a second cooling groove,
the oil supply pocket is provided in the lower bearing base metal and communicates with the cooling groove, and
the second cooling groove is provided on an inner circumferential side of the upper bearing liner, extends along an inner circumferential direction of the upper bearing liner and communicates with the oil supply pocket.
6. The journal bearing device according to claim 4, wherein,
an oil groove for cooling a rotary shaft is provided in the shaft-sliding surface of the upper bearing, and
means for preventing the lubricant that flows in the oil groove to cool the rotary shaft from flowing onto the bearing load-receiving surface of the lower bearing.
7. The journal bearing device according to claim 6, wherein,
the means for preventing the lubricant that flows in the oil groove to cool the rotary shaft from flowing onto the bearing load-receiving surface of the lower bearing is provided in the upper bearing liner and includes:
an oil pocket that communicates with the oil groove:
an oil drain hole provided in the oil pocket;
a lubricant drain hole that is provided in the upper bearing liner and the upper bearing base metal and communicates with the oil drain hole.
8. The journal bearing device according to claim 1, wherein
the lower bearing liner is provided with a shaft-sliding surface such that the shaft-sliding surface covers an area in which pressure is exerted on the lubricant.
9. The journal bearing device according to claim 1, wherein
each of the upper and lower bearing liners is provided with a shaft-sliding surface such that the shaft-sliding surface covers an area in which pressure is exerted on the lubricant.
10. The journal bearing device according to claim 1, wherein
the cooling groove has a turbulence inducing body designed to disturb the flow of the lubricant present in the cooling groove, and
the turbulence inducing body is provided on the upstream side of a flow path of the lubricant with respect to an area in which the temperature of the bearing is the highest of all portions of the bearing.
11. The journal bearing device according to claim 1, wherein
the cooling groove has a turbulence inducing body designed to disturb flow of the lubricant present in the cooling groove, and
when an imaginary line connecting a rotational axis of the rotor with a bottom point of the lower bearing liner and parallel to the vertical direction is defined as a vertical axis, the turbulence inducing body is located on the side of the lower bearing liner and on the vertical axis rotated by 30 degrees or more in the rotational direction of the rotor.
12. The journal bearing device according to claim 6, wherein
the turbulence inducing body is made of a material having a higher heat transfer property than that of the bearing liner.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A fuel cell system comprising:
a load;
a fuel cell for supplying electric power to the load;
an electric power storing device that can be charged with at least an electric power equivalent to a consumption power of the load; and
a connection control unit for controlling a connection of the fuel cell to the load,
wherein the connection control unit is programmed to cause the fuel cell to generate electric power equivalent to the consumption power of the load, and confirm activation and judge whether the connection to the load can be permitted before connecting the fuel cell to the load.
2. The fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein when the fuel cell is activated and before the connection control unit connects the fuel cell to the load, the fuel cell is made to generate electric power equivalent to the consumption power of the load, and the generated power is supplied to the electric power storing device.
3. The fuel cell system according to claim 2, wherein the electric power equivalent to the consumption power of the load is the electric power equivalent to a maximum consumption power of the load.
4. The fuel cell system according to claim 1, further comprising a control unit for controlling the fuel cell in order to generate electric power that can be used to charge the electric power storing device.
5. The fuel cell system according to claim 4, wherein the control unit calculates a maximum permissible charge power of the electric power storing device based on at least a voltage of the electric power storing device, and controls the fuel cell according to a maximum charge power.
6. The fuel cell system according to claim 1, further comprising a voltage detecting device for detecting a voltage of the fuel cell,
wherein the connection control unit judges whether the fuel cell voltage detected by the voltage detecting device at a time of supply of the electric power to the electric power storing device is equal to or more than a specified value; and if the fuel cell voltage is equal to or more than the specified value, the connection control unit permits the connection of the fuel cell to the load.
7. The fuel cell system according to claim 6, wherein the voltage detecting device detects each cell voltage of the fuel cell.
8. A vehicle equipped with the fuel cell system according to claim 3, wherein the load includes a vehicle movement drive device, and the electric power equivalent to the maximum consumption power of the load is the electric power equivalent to the maximum consumption power of the vehicle movement drive device after its activation.