1. A high speed data transmission system comprising a chip having a transmitter with a set of driving transistors for driving a signal representing transmitted data into a communication line connecting the transmitter and a receiver, the transmitter comprising:
a means for reducing the power consumption of the transmitter, including:
a means for storing the recent history of the transmitted data;
a controlling means for switching onoff the set of driving transistors as a function of comparison of that history in a logic means with data at the input of the transmitter; and
a set of keeper transistors for driving the signal into the transmission line at a level near the minimum needed to retain the state in the receiver;
wherein the means for storing the recent history of the transmission line comprises a string of gates with taps from the string taken at points determined by the propagation delay of each gate.
2. The system according to claim 1, wherein the number of taps, delay time therebetween and a form of a logic function for converting signals from these taps to the controlling means are determined by simulation process.
3. The system according to claim 1, wherein the controlling means comprises an inverter.
4. The system according to claim 1, wherein the logic means comprises a comparator.
5. The system according to claim 1 wherein the logic function is implemented as a look-up table.
6. The system according to claim 1, wherein the gates and the logic function are scaled to act as a predriver.
7. The system according to claim 1, wherein the controlling means comprises additional transistors in the driver forming an AND or NAND function with the driving transistors.
8. The system according to claim 7 wherein the controlling means is applied to the predriver.
9. The system according to claim 1, wherein the set of keeper transistors are sized according to termination resistors in the transmission line, such that the signal level is close to the voltage threshold of the receiver plus or minus a noise margin.
10. The system according to claim 1, wherein the transmission line comprises a capacitive load.
11. The system according to claim 1, wherein the transmitter comprises differential drivers.
12. A method of reducing the power consumption of a transmitter in a high speed communication system comprising a chip having the transmitter with a set of driving transistors for driving a signal representing transmitted data into a communication line connecting the transmitter and a receiver arranged on another chip,
the method comprising the steps of:
storing the recent history of the transmitted data;
comparing the history of the transmitted data with data at the input of the transmitter to enable one of the following steps:
changing the V-I characteristic of the transmitter to increase the output current of the transmitter to change the transmission line state in a required time interval; or,
changing the V-I characteristic of the transmitter to maintain the transmission line state at a level sufficient only to maintain the state of the receiver, wherein the recent history of the transmitted data is stored using a string of gates with taps from the string taken at points determined by the propagation delay of each gate,
wherein the V-I characteristic of the transmitter is changed by varying the number of switched on transistors at the output of the driver.
13. A method of reducing the power consumption of a transmitter in a high speed communication system comprising a chip having the transmitter with a set of driving transistors for driving a signal representing transmitted data into a communication line connecting the transmitter and a receiver arranged on another chip,
the method comprising the steps of:
storing the recent history of the transmitted data;
comparing the history of the transmitted data with data at the input of the transmitter to enable one of the following steps:
changing the V-I characteristic of the transmitter to increase the output current of the transmitter to change the transmission line state in a required time interval; or,
changing the V-I characteristic of the transmitter to maintain the transmission line state at a level sufficient only to maintain the state of the receiver, wherein the recent history of the transmitted data is stored using a string of gates with taps from the string taken at points determined by the propagation delay of each gate,
wherein the V-I characteristic of the transmitter is changed by varying the number of delays in the means for storing the recent history of the transmitted data.
14. A method of reducing the power consumption of a transmitter in a high speed communication system comprising a chip having the transmitter with a set of driving transistors for driving a signal representing transmitted data into a communication line connecting the transmitter and a receiver arranged on another chip,
the method comprising the steps of:
storing the recent history of the transmitted data;
comparing the history of the transmitted data with data at the input of the transmitter to enable one of the following steps:
changing the V-I characteristic of the transmitter to increase the output current of the transmitter to change the transmission line state in a required time interval; or,
changing the V-I characteristic of the transmitter to maintain the transmission line state at a level sufficient only to maintain the state of the receiver, wherein the recent history of the transmitted data is stored using a string of gates with taps from the string taken at points determined by the propagation delay of each gate,
wherein the V-I characteristic of the transmitter is changed by varying the position and number of type of taps in the means for storing the recent history of the transmitted data.
15. A means for reducing the power consumption of a transmitter in a high speed communication system comprising a chip having the transmitter with a set of driving transistors for driving a signal representing transmitted data into a communication line connecting the transmitter and a receiver arranged on another chip, the means for reducing the power consumption of the transmitter
comprising:
a means for storing the recent history of the transmitted data;
a controlling means for switching onoff the set of driving transistors as a function of comparison of that history in a logic means with data at the input of the transmitter and
a set of keeper transistors for driving the signal into the transmission line at a level near the minimum needed to retain the state in the receiver,
wherein the means for storing the recent history of the transmission line comprises a string of gates with taps from the string taken at points determined by the propagation delay of each gate.
16. The means according to claim 15, wherein the number of taps, delay time therebetween and a logic function for converting signals from these taps to the controlling means are determined by simulation process.
17. The means according to claim 16, wherein the simulation process is SPICE model simulation.
18. The system according to claim 2, wherein the simulation process is SPICE model simulation.
19. The system according to claim 3, wherein the controlling means comprises a set of inverters.
20. The system according to claim 4, wherein the comparator is an XOR.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A system (100, 200, 300, 400) of recordkeeping in research and commercial applications comprising:
a collection of data objects (111, 112, 113, 114, 202, 203, 204, 311, 312, 131, 314) from a plurality of data sources (110) using a plurality of data interfaces;
a graphical user interface (133), wherein the data objects representing laboratory are organized and approved by researchers; and
a voice annotation instrument (132) for providing data collection annotation, notes, and comments wherein such voice data collection may or may not be transcribed, and wherein the system facilitates creation and management of intellectual property.
2. The system of recordkeeping of claim 1, wherein data objects are authenticated and secured from subsequent modification using one-way hashing.
3. The system of recordkeeping of claim 1, wherein the plurality of data objects are indexed (150) and represent a logical grouping of research activity, and further allow for paging such as provided in a traditional lab notebook.
4. The system of recordkeeping of claim 1, wherein the graphical user interface is controlled partially or completely by voice commands, and wherein the collection of data objects further comprises instrumentation data (112), and wherein the instrumentation data is selected from a group consisting essentially of mass spectrometers, camera images, microscope images, video, and chromatographs.
5. The system of recordkeeping of claim 1, wherein the researchers organize data objects according to organizational criteria, time, protocol, personnel, consumables, or sample identification, as applicable; and wherein the graphical user interface is controlled partially or completely by a smart pen.
6. The recordkeeping system recited in claim 1, wherein a system user is guided through the creation of an integrated data record by transcribing a scanned (121) lab notebook page (111) or wherein the user is guided through the creation of an integrated data record (220) by following an electronic lab notebook entry (201), and wherein the integrated data record is distributed to a relational database management system (RDMS) (410), with a generation of indexes comprised of metadata in the data record wherein the metadata further describes the data objects.
7. A method (100, 200, 300, 400) of voice data collection in a recordkeeping application as a way of converting data into electronically accessible text, the method comprising:
training a software program to recognize a user voice (132c) having a substantially high accuracy;
providing a technical database of scientific terms (132a, 132b) to enhance the software program to accurately recognize technical terms;
providing a database of scientific symbols to enhance the software program to accurately recognize and convert technical characters to text;
reading the data to be converted to text to the software program;
converting the data to text using the software program; and
supplementing the data with applicable analytical or empirical data (112) directly from scientific instrumentation wherein the resulting text (150) is electronically accessible.
8. The method of processing data of claim 7, the method further comprising recording data to a lab notebook (111), preceding the step of reading the data to be converted to text to the software program, wherein the data further includes date and time information.
9. The method of processing data of claim 7, the method further comprising:
providing to the software program a rules engine for quality assurance; and
validating results to further increase accuracy of the method.
10. The method of processing data of claim 1, the method further comprising:
indexing the electronically accessible text selectively as desired by the user; and
interrupting the electronically accessible text to enhance the usefulness thereof.
11. The method of processing data of claim 1, wherein the data is laboratory data, and further comprising supplementing the data with internet sources of research, the sources of research chosen from a group consisting essentially of a protein databank, a chemical structure libraries, and a genomic database.
12. A method (100, 200, 300, 400) of recordkeeping comprising:
collecting a plurality of data objects from data sources (111, 112, 113, 114, 202, 203, 204, 311, 312, 313, 314);
assembling the data objects to an integrated electronic notebook record (220);
assisting the assembly of data objects with computer assisted voice interaction (132);
securing (143) the assembly of data objects so that said data remains uncorrupted;
storing (150) the assembly of data objects; and
translating (142) the assembly of data objects to Extensible Markup Language (XML) to facilitate the sharing of structured data across an information system, for example the Internet.
13. The method of recordkeeping of claim 12, further comprising:
distributing the assembly of data objects to a relational database management system (RDMS) (410); and
generating indices comprised of metadata in the data record.
14. The method of recordkeeping of claim 12, further comprising:
providing a statistical analysis package (411) with the assembly of data objects;
providing pattern and clustering algorithms (412) related to the assembly of data objects;
providing data mining tools (413) related to the assembly of data objects, wherein the data mining tools comprises searching within the assembly of data objects by a protocol;
maintaining a modular software and hardware design so that existing labs can implement said method of recordkeeping relatively easily;
presenting the assembly of data objects using graphical data visualization tools (414); and
recording a status, the status chosen from a group consisting of DRAFT, COMPLETE, APPROVED, RELEASED, or CANCELLED.
15. The method of recordkeeping of claim 12 wherein the collecting a plurality of data objects from data sources comprises ambient data from real-time voice annotation (113), and wherein the assisting the assembly of data objects with computer assisted voice interaction comprises a speaker independent voice dictionary (132a), a special domain specific scientific vocabulary (132b), and a voice trained individual vocabulary (132c), the method further comprising ranking and scoring the data objects for subsequent decision makings regarding the accuracy and usefulness of the data objects.