1. A method for redirecting user equipment from a current serving cell of a first network to a corresponding target cell of a second network in a heterogeneous overlay network environment, the method at a current serving base station comprising:
receiving signal quality measurements from user equipment coupled to the current serving cell of the first network;
determining whether signal quality of the user equipment is lower than predetermined reference quality based on at least one of the received signal quality measurements; and
redirecting the user equipment from the current serving cell of the first network to the corresponding target cell of the second network when the signal quality of the user equipment is lower than the predetermined reference quality.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the signal quality measurements are results of measuring at least one of interference and noise ratio (SINR) and reference signal received power (RSRP) of a reception signal of the user equipment.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining includes:
comparing at least one of the signal quality measurements with corresponding predetermined thresholds;
determining the signal quality of the user equipment is lower than the predetermined reference quality when the at least one of the signal quality measurements is lower than the corresponding thresholds;
determining whether the signal quality of the user equipment maintains lower than the predetermined reference quality for a predetermined duration; and
deciding to redirect the user equipment from the current serving cell of the first network to the corresponding target cell of the second network when the signal quality of the user equipment maintains lower for the predetermined direction.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the redirecting includes:
releasing connection between the user equipment and the first network; and
informing the user equipment of the releasing the connection from the first network.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the releasing includes performing a radio resource control (RRC) release procedure.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the informing includes transmitting a RRC connection release message to the user equipment wherein the RRC connection release message includes information on the corresponding target cell of the second network.
7. The method of claim 4, wherein the redirecting further includes:
selecting one of multiple carriers assigned to the corresponding target cell of the second network; and
providing information on the selected carrier to the user equipment.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the selecting includes:
using a relation: \u201cX mod N\u201d to select the one of multiple carriers assigned to the corresponding target cell of the second network, where X denotes a total number of network redirections performed associated with the corresponding target cell of the second network and N denotes a total number of carriers assigned to the corresponding target cell of the second network; and
selecting one having identification matched with the result of the equation from the carriers assigned to the corresponding target cell.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein the providing includes:
including the information on the selected carrier in a RRC connection release message; and
transmitting the RRC connection release message to the user equipment.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein the first network is evolved universal mobile telecommunication system terrestrial radio access network (E-UTRAN) and the second network is UTRAN.
11. A method for redirecting user equipment from a current serving cell of a first network to a corresponding target cell of a second network in a heterogeneous overlay network environment, the method at the user equipment comprising:
transmitting signal quality measurements to a current serving base station of the first network;
receiving a connection release message from the current serving base station of the first network; and
establishing connection to the corresponding target cell of the second network based on information included in the connection release message.
12. The method of claim 11, wherein the transmitting includes:
measuring at least one of interference and noise ratio (SINR) and reference signal received power (RSRP) of a reception signal of the user equipment; and
providing the measurements of the at least one of SINR and RSRP to the current serving base station of the first network.
13. The method of claim 11, wherein the connection release message is a radio resource control (RRC) connection release message.
14. The method of claim 14, wherein the RRC connection release message includes information on a carrier of the corresponding target cell of the second network for communication with the corresponding target cell.
15. The method of claim 11, wherein the establishing includes:
performing a routing area update procedure based on information included in the connection release.
16. The method of claim 11, further comprising:
receiving a communication service from the corresponding target base station of the second network after the establishing; and
transmitting signal quality measurements to the corresponding target base station of the second network.
17. An apparatus for redirecting user equipment from a current serving cell of a first network to a corresponding target cell of a second network in a heterogeneous overlay network environment, the apparatus comprising:
a receiving unit configured to receive signal quality measurements from user equipment coupled to the current serving cell of the first network;
a redirection unit configured to determine whether signal quality of the user equipment is lower than a predetermined reference quality based on at least one of the received signal quality measurements and to perform a network redirect procedure when the signal quality of the user equipment is determined as lower than the predetermined reference quality; and
a transmitting unit configured to transmit a connection release message to the user equipment after the network redirection procedure.
18. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the redirection unit is configured to:
compare at least one of the signal quality measurements with corresponding thresholds;
determine the signal quality of the user equipment is lower than the predetermined reference quality when the at least one of the signal quality measurements is lower than the corresponding thresholds;
determine whether the signal quality of the user equipment maintains lower than the predetermined reference quality for a predetermined duration; and
decide to redirect the user equipment from the current serving cell of the first network to the corresponding target cell of the second network when the signal quality of the user equipment maintains lower for the predetermined direction.
19. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein:
the redirection unit is configured to perform a radio resource control (RRC) connection release procedure in order to release connection between the user equipment and the first network; and
the transmitting unit is configured to transmit a RRC connection release message including information on the corresponding target cell of the second network
20. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the redirection unit is configured to:
select one of multiple carriers assigned to the corresponding target cell of the second network; and
provide information on the selected carrier to the user equipment through the RRC connection release message.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. In a multi-wavelength fluorescence detection system having a plurality of side-by-side capillaries disposed in a plane, a light source positioned to direct a beam of light through each capillary to induce a fluorescent emission from any samples in the capillaries, a light collection lens to collect fluorescent emissions from said samples, and a detector positioned to receive said emissions from said collector lens, the improvement comprising:
using multiple dichroic mirrors to split and redirect different wavelength regions of said emissions to said detector to monitor a different wavelength region for each capillary simultaneously.
2. The system of claim 1 which uses at least two dichroic mirrors positioned between the capillary array and the collector lens.
3. The system of claim 2 wherein the spacing between the dichroic mirrors is carefully controlled to allow use of a single two dimensional detector.
4. The system of claim 2 wherein an optical filter is placed between the second of the at least two dichroic mirrors and the lens so both wavelength regions can be focused on the detector.