1. An array substrate comprising a plurality of pixel units, with a pixel structure of each pixel unit comprising:
a first electrode and a second electrode which overlap with each other,
wherein an insulating layer is disposed between the second electrode and the first electrode, and a fringe electric field is generated by the second electrode in cooperation with the first electrode,
wherein the second electrode comprises a plurality of second electrode groups, each comprising a first common electrode group and a second pixel electrode group, with a first gap disposed between the first common electrode group and the second pixel electrode group, wherein the first common electrode group is applied with a constant voltage, and the second pixel electrode group is applied with a first control voltage; and
the first electrode comprises a plurality of first electrode groups corresponding to the second electrode groups, and the first electrode group each comprises a first pixel electrode group and a second common electrode group, with a second gap disposed between the first pixel electrode group and the second common electrode group.
2. The array substrate according to claim 1, wherein the first pixel electrode group is composed of at least two sub-electrodes, and the second common electrode group is composed of at least two sub-electrode, the first pixel electrode group corresponds to the first common electrode group and is applied with a second control voltage, and the second common electrode group corresponds to the second pixel electrode group and is applied with a constant voltage.
3. The array substrate according to claim 1, wherein with the pixel structure, there is disposed a first thin film transistor (TFT) for controlling the applied voltage of the first pixel electrode group.
4. The array substrate according to claim 1, wherein with the pixel structure, there is further disposed a second TFT for controlling the applied voltage of the second pixel electrode group.
5. The array substrate according to claim 1, wherein the first control voltage and the second control voltage are equal in absolute values of voltage, opposite in voltage polarity and identical in frequency, and the constant voltage is 0V.
6. The array substrate according to claim 1, wherein the first gap and the second gap are aligned in an up-and-down direction.
7. A liquid crystal panel, comprising a color filter substrate, an array substrate, and a liquid crystal layer provided between the color filter substrate and the array substrate, wherein the array substrate is according to claim 1.
8. The array substrate according to claim 3, wherein with the pixel structure, there is further disposed a second TFT for controlling the applied voltage of the second pixel electrode group.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
What is claimed is:
1. A method of intensifying the flavor and color of coffee extract comprising:
selecting a temperature and time for optimizing flavor and color of a soluble coffee extract;
heating said soluble coffee extract at said temperature and said time without increasing coffee solids content of said extract to intensify the flavor and color of the coffee extract without producing sedimentation; and
cooling the heated coffee extract.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the coffee extract contains 5 to 70% coffee solids.
3. The method of claim 2 wherein the extract contains 30 to 60% coffee solids.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein the temperature is from 110 C. to 170 C. and the time is from about 15 seconds to about 30 minutes.
5. The method of claim 4 wherein the temperature is from 130 C. to 160 C. and the time is from 2 to 6 minutes.
6. The method of claim 5 wherein the time is from 3 to 5 minutes.
7. The method according to claim 1 wherein said heating is effected while passing said coffee extract through a plug flow reactor.
8. The method of claim 1 additionally comprising drying the cooled, flavor intensified coffee extract.
9. The method of claim 8 wherein the drying is spray-drying.
10. A method according to claim 1 wherein the flavor of the coffee extract is intensified by at least 5%.
11. A method according to claim 10 wherein the flavor of the coffee extract is intensified at least 10%.
12. A method according to claim 10 wherein the flavor of the coffee extract is intensified at least 15%.
13. A method of intensifying the flavor and color of coffee extract comprising:
selecting a temperature and time for optimizing flavor and color of a soluble coffee extract;
heating said soluble coffee extract which is substantially free of ground coffee at said temperature and said time to intensify the flavor and color of the coffee extract without producing sedimentation; and
cooling the heated coffee extract.
14. The method of claim 13 wherein the coffee extract contains 5 to 70% coffee solids.
15. The method of claim 13 wherein the temperature is from 110 C. to 170 C. and the time is from about 15 seconds to about 30 minutes.
16. The method of claim 15 wherein the temperature is from 130 C. to 160 C. and the time is from 2 to 6 minutes.
17. The method according to claim 13 wherein said heating is effected while passing said coffee extract through a plug flow reactor.
18. The method of claim 13 additionally comprising drying the cooled, flavor intensified coffee extract.
19. A method according to claim 18 wherein the flavor of the coffee extract is intensified by at least 5%.
20. A method according to claim 19 wherein the flavor of the coffee extract is intensified at least 15%.