1. A flow cell system, comprising:
a stack, the stack including one or more individual flow cells each of the flow cells formed by a first half cell and a second half cell separated by a membrane;
a first electrolyte storage tank holding a first electrolyte;
a first pump coupled between the first electrolyte storage tank and the first half cell to circulate the first electrolyte through the first half cell;
a second electrolyte storage tank holding a second electrolyte;
a second pump coupled between the second electrolyte storage tank and the second half cell to circulate the second electrolyte through the second half cell;
a first electrolyte heat exchanger coupled to receive the first electrolyte from the first half cell; and
a second electrolyte heat exchanger coupled to receive the second electrolyte from the second half cell, wherein each of the first electrolyte heat exchanger and the second electrolyte heat exchanger includes:
a plurality of flow field media;
heat transfer sheets separating each of the plurality flow field media;
a coolant flow system coupled to flow a coolant fluid through a first set of the plurality of flow field media; and
a first pressure plate and a second pressure plate wherein the plurality of flow field media and the heat transfer sheets that separate the plurality of flow field media are fixedly held in place and sealed against exchange of electrolyte and the coolant fluid; and
a first gasket inserted between the first pressure plate and a first one of the plurality of flow field media and a second gasket is inserted between the second pressure plate and a last one of the plurality of flow field media.
2. The flow cell of claim 1, wherein the coolant flow system includes a coolant pump.
3. The flow cell of claim 1, wherein electrolyte is flowed through a second set of the plurality of flow field media.
4. The flow cell of claim 3, wherein each flow field of the first set of the plurality of flow field media is separated by the next flow field of the first set of the plurality of flow field media by one of the second set of the plurality of flow field media.
5. The flow cell of claim 1, wherein the first pressure plate, the second pressure plate, the first gasket, the second gasket, the plurality of flow field media, and the heat transfer sheets are held under pressure by a set of tie rods and springs passing through alignment holes in the first pressure plate and the second pressure plate.
6. The flow cell of claim 1, further including a first manifold that receives and routes electrolyte through the second set of the plurality of flow field media and a second manifold that receives and routs coolant fluid through the first set of the plurality of flow field media.
7. the flow cell of claim 3, wherein the heat transfer sheets are formed of a plastic material.
8. The flow cell of claim 7, wherein the plurality of flow cell media are formed of a soft santoprene.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A steam turbine comprising:
a rotor having a plurality of rotor blades;
a plurality of guide vanes spaced apart from the blades; and
a casing shell formed by a plurality of casing segments, at least one of the casing segments provided with at least one integrated cooling channel, wherein the rotor and the plurality of guide vanes are arranged inside the casing shell, wherein the cooling channel is oriented substantially in the longitudinal direction of the rotor.
2. The steam turbine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cooling channel is positioned inside a wall of a corresponding casing segment, the cooling channel offset toward a inner surface of said wall relative to a center plane.
3. The steam turbine as claimed in claim 2, wherein the rotor blades and guide vanes-form a plurality of bladevane rows, the cooling channel extending over at least two successive bladevane rows, as viewed in the longitudinal direction of the rotor.
4. The steam turbine as claimed in claim 2, wherein the cooling channels are combined to form a common cooling system which is integrated in the casing shell.
5. The steam turbine as claimed in claim 2, wherein the cooling channel is connected via a number of overflow openings to a flow space for a flow medium, the flow space surrounded by the casing shell.
6. The steam turbine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rotor blades and guide vanes form a plurality of bladevane rows, the cooling channel extending over at least two successive bladevane rows, as viewed in the longitudinal direction of the rotor.
7. The steam turbine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cooling channels are combined to form a common cooling system which is integrated in the casing shell, and wherein a plurality of guide vanes are attached to the casing shell, wherein each of the guide vanes is cooled via an integrated branch channel connected to the cooling system.
8. The steam turbine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cooling channel is connected via a number of overflow openings to a flow space for a flow medium, the flow space surrounded by the casing shell.
9. The steam turbine as claimed in claim 8, wherein the respective cooling channel and the overflow openings are dimensioned such that in the operating state the coolant is at a slightly higher pressure than the flow medium.
10. The steam turbine as claimed in claim 9, wherein the cooling channel has at least one overflow opening for each turbine stage.
11. A method for operating a steam turbine having a casing shell formed by a plurality of casing segments, comprising:
providing at least one cooling channel integrated into a casing segment or a casing shell;
at least partially admitting coolant via the cooling channel to the casing shell delimiting the space for a flow medium; and
flowing a coolant through the cooling channel,
wherein the coolant is steam, wherein the coolant entering from the cooling passage is admixed to the flow medium, and wherein the coolant is fed into the flow medium at a pressure which is more than the pressure prevailing in the flow medium at the corresponding mixing location.
12. The method as claimed in claim 11, wherein the coolant is guided at a pressure which, as viewed in the longitudinal direction of the rotor, is matched to the pressure prevailing locally in the flow space of the flow medium.
13. A steam turbine comprising:
a rotor having a plurality of rotor blades;
a plurality of guide vanes spaced apart from the blades; and
a casing shell formed by a plurality of casing segments, at least one of the casing segments provided with at least one integrated cooling channel, wherein the rotor and the plurality of guide vanes are arranged inside the casing shell, and a cooling medium comprising steam flows through the cooling channel, wherein the cooling channel is positioned inside a wall of a corresponding casing segment, the cooling channel offset toward a inner surface of said wall relative to a center plane, and wherein the cooling channel is oriented substantially in the longitudinal direction of the rotor.