1. Method for increasing the efficiency an antenna having a surface formed of a transparent thin-film conducting material, the steps of the method comprising:
(a) determining values for current density distributed over areas of the surface of the transparent thin-film conducting material in which current flows as a result of the antenna being operated at a selected frequency;
(b) identifying areas of the surface having concentrated current flow based on the determined values of current density; and
(c) increasing surface conductivity in a portion of the areas of the surface identified as having concentrated current flow, thereby reducing ohmic loss and increasing antenna efficiency.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein step (a) further comprises the steps of:
(i) using a computer program to model the antenna and compute simulated current flow in the surface of the transparent thin-film conducting material; and
(ii) computing the values for current density distributed in areas over the surface of the transparent thin-film conducting material based upon the simulated current flow.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein step (i) is performed by:
using wire grid structures to model the antenna, including the surface formed of the transparent thin-film conducting material, where each wire grid structure comprises a set of interconnected wire segments;
applying a simulated source of electromagnetic excitation to the wire grid structures to simulate operation of the antenna at the selected frequency; and
computing simulated current flow in wire segments of the wire grid structures used to model the surface based upon mutual electromagnetic couplings between the wire segments and the simulated source of electromagnetic excitation.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the computer program computes the simulated current flow by obtaining a numerical solution to Maxwell’s equations based upon a method of moments technique.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein step (b) comprises the steps of:
(i) separating the determined values for current densities into non-overlapping ranges of values; and
(ii) mapping the surface of the transparent thin film conducting material into regions, each region containing areas of the surface having values of current density in one of the range of values, each range of values being different for each region;
whereby areas of the surface having concentrated current flow are identified by regions containing areas having larger values of current density.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the step (c) comprises overlaying a portion of the areas identified as having concentrated current flow with an electrically conductive material to increase surface conductivity.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the electrically conductive material is overlaid as one or more strips of conductive material.
8. The method of claim 6, wherein the electrically conductive material is overlaid as a mesh of conductive elements.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the steps of (a), (b), and (c) are repeated with the selected frequency having different frequency values, whereby the efficiency of the antenna is increased for different operating frequencies.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein the surface formed of transparent thin-film conducting material has a transparency to visible light of at least 70%.
11. The method of claim 1, wherein the surface formed of the transparent thin-film conducting material is disposed on a dielectric material.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A database search system stored on a computer, comprising:
a composite database search engine, comprising at least two database search tools including: keyword search tool, short article search tool, data file similarity search tool and database search agent tool, each database search tool providing at least one format of database search conditions, enabling said database search engine to search in a database data files satisfying search conditions under said format;
a database search agent establishing and training module to analyze content of a group of data file to generate a database search agent and to modify said generated database search agent according to another database search agent;
wherein said database search agent is recorded a group search indices and their respective corresponding weight values; and
a user interface to provide a group of actuation means allowing user to actuate any of said at least two database search tools and any function of said database search agent establishing and training module and to display search results;
wherein said at least two database search tools include a database search tool to search data file using a database search agent;
wherein said database search agent establishing and training module establishes database search agent according to content of particular number of data files obtained from searching in database using any of said at least two database search tools;
wherein said database search agent establishing and training module modifies content of a database search agent according to evaluation on a plurality of particular data files being searched regarding whether a data file is desired or else; and
wherein said database search agent establishing and training module modifies content of a database search agent Si={(xik, wik)} according to content of another database search agent St={(xtk, wtk)} to generate a modified database search agent Ss, in the following manner:
Ss={(xsk, wsk)}
wherein
xsk=xi, wsk=wik+acc\xd7wtk, \u2200xi=xt,
xsk=xi, wsk=wi, \u2200xi\u2209{xt},
xsk=xt, wsk=wt, \u2200xt\u2209{xt}, and
k\u2209N;
x represents search indices, w represents corresponding weight values of such indices, acc represents accuracy, calculated according to said evaluation regarding whether a data file is desired or else, of search result of said another database search agent in a group consisted of particular data files.
2. The database search system according to claim 1, wherein said database search agent is expressed as:
Si=(xi1, wi1), (xi2, wi2), . . . , (xin, win)
wherein Si represents the ith search agent, x is its search condition and w is weight of said search condition.
3. The database search system according to claim 1, wherein said user interface provides actuating keys for search tools including: keyword search tool, short article search tool, data file similarity search tool and database search agent, and actuating keys for establishing database search agent, for modification of database search agent and for user to input evaluation indicating particular data files to be \u201cdesired\u201d or not.