1. A multiplexing method for multiplexing signals for a plurality of layers, the method comprising:
storing a first orthogonal matrix and a second orthogonal matrix, each of which is a matrix with N rows and N columns where N is a natural number equal to or larger than 2, and the second orthogonal matrix being generated by cyclically shifting chips of particular rows of the first orthogonal matrix; and
multiplying demodulation reference signals for respective layers included in a first layer group with chips of a corresponding row of the first orthogonal matrix, superposing and mapping the multiplying results in a same time frame of a first subcarrier group in a resource block, and multiplying demodulation reference signals for respective layers included in a second layer group with chips of a corresponding row of the second orthogonal matrix, superposing and mapping the multiplying results in a same time frame of a second subcarrier group which is different from the first subcarrier group in the resource block, each of the first layer group and the second layer group comprising N layers.
2. The multiplexing method according to claim 1, wherein
the particular rows include a third row and a fourth row of the first orthogonal matrix.
3. The multiplexing method according to claim 1, wherein
a plurality of subcarriers included in the first subcarrier group are located at separate positions from each other on a frequency axis; and
a plurality of subcarriers included in the second subcarrier group are located at separate positions from each other on the frequency axis and have frequency positions different from any of the frequency positions of the plurality of subcarriers included in the first subcarrier group.
4. The multiplexing method according to claim 1, wherein
the first layer group comprises N layers including a first layer to an Nth layer, and the first multiplying includes multiplying a demodulation reference signal for an Lth layer with an Lth row of the first orthogonal matrix where L is a natural number equal to or larger than 1 and equal to or smaller than N; and
the second layer group comprises N layers including an (N+1)th layer to a (2N)th layer, and the second multiplying includes multiplying a demodulation reference signal for an (N+M)th layer with an Mth row of the second orthogonal matrix where M is a natural number equal to or larger than 1 and equal to or smaller than N.
5. The multiplexing method according to claim 1, wherein
for the first layer group, a multiplying direction with the first orthogonal matrix for an odd numbered subcarrier included in the first subcarrier group is opposite from that for an even numbered subcarrier included in the first subcarrier group;
for the second layer group, a multiplying direction with the second orthogonal matrix for an odd numbered subcarrier included in the second subcarrier group is opposite from that for an even numbered subcarrier included in the second subcarrier group; and
the multiplying direction for the odd numbered subcarrier included in the first subcarrier group is same as the multiplying direction for an even numbered subcarrier included in the second subcarrier group.
6. A multiplexing apparatus for multiplexing signals for a plurality of layers, the apparatus comprising one or more processors configured to:
store a first orthogonal matrix and a second orthogonal matrix, each of which is a matrix with N rows and N columns where N is a natural number equal to or larger than 2, and the second orthogonal matrix being generated by cyclically shifting chips of particular rows of the first orthogonal matrix; and
multiply demodulation reference signals for respective layers included in a first layer group with chips of a corresponding row of the first orthogonal matrix, to superpose and map the multiplying results in a same time frame of a first subcarrier group in a resource block, and to multiply demodulation reference signals for respective layers included in a second layer group with chips of a corresponding row of the second orthogonal matrix, to superpose and map the multiplying results in a same time frame of a second subcarrier group which is different from the first subcarrier group in the resource block, each of the first layer group and the second layer group comprising N layers.
7. The multiplexing apparatus according to claim 6, wherein
the particular rows include a third row and a fourth row of the first orthogonal matrix.
8. The multiplexing apparatus according to claim 6, wherein
a plurality of subcarriers included in the first subcarrier group are located at separate positions from each other on a frequency axis; and
a plurality of subcarriers included in the second subcarrier group are located at separate positions from each other on the frequency axis and have frequency positions different from any of the frequency positions of the plurality of subcarriers included in the first subcarrier group.
9. The multiplexing apparatus according to claim 6, wherein
the first layer group comprises N layers including a first layer to an Nth layer, and the second layer group comprises N layers including an (N+1)th layer to a (2N)th layer;
in the mapping section,
the first multiplying includes multiplying a demodulation reference signal for an Lth layer with an Lth row of the first orthogonal matrix where L is a natural number equal to or larger than 1 and equal to or smaller than N; and
the second multiplying includes multiplying a demodulation reference signal for an (N+M)th layer with an Mth row of the second orthogonal matrix where M is a natural number equal to or larger than 1 and equal to or smaller than N.
10. The multiplexing apparatus according to claim 6, wherein
for the first layer group, a multiplying direction with the first orthogonal matrix for an odd numbered subcarrier included in the first subcarrier group is opposite from that for an even numbered subcarrier included in the first subcarrier group;
for the second layer group, a multiplying direction with the second orthogonal matrix for an odd numbered subcarrier included in the second subcarrier group is opposite from that for an even numbered subcarrier included in the second subcarrier group; and
the multiplying direction for the odd numbered subcarrier included in the first subcarrier group is same as the multiplying direction for an even numbered subcarrier included in the second subcarrier group.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
What is claimed is:
1. A method comprising:
receiving, in a computer system, a set of alternative choices;
receiving, in the computer system, a set of criteria by which the set of alternative choices may be evaluated;
receiving, in the computer system via a data network coupled to the computer system, a set of weights sent to the computer system by a first set of individuals via the data network, each weight indicating importance of a corresponding criterion from the set of criteria;
receiving, in the computer system via the data network, a set of evaluations sent to the computer system by a second set of individuals, each evaluation corresponding to possible attributes of a corresponding criterion; and
based on the set of evaluations and the set of weights, providing a relative analysis of the alternative choices.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the relative analysis of the alternative choices comprises ranking the alternatives based on a score derived from a weighted combination of the evaluations, the weighted combination of the evaluations being based on the weights.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the evaluations comprise pairwise comparison.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the evaluations comprise direct entry.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the evaluations comprise multiple choice.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein receiving, via the data network, comprises receiving, in a server application, a datastream, in XML protocol, from the respective individual, the datastream being entered in a world wide web client application.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the computer system comprises a multi-processor computer.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein some, but not all, weights in the set of weights are received after receipt of at least some of the evaluations in the set of evaluations.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein some, but not all, evaluations in the set of evaluations are received after receipt of at least some of the weights in the set of weights.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein the set of criteria is sent to the computer system by a third set of individuals via the data network.
11. The method of claim 1, wherein the set of alternatives is sent to the computer system by a fourth set of individuals via the data network.
12. The method of claim 1, wherein one or more individuals of the first set of individuals is a member of the second set of individuals.
13. The method of claim 1, wherein no individual is a member of both the first and second sets of individuals.
14. The method of claim 1, wherein each of the individuals in the first set of individuals provides a weight for each of the criteria.
15. The method of claim 1, wherein one or more individuals in the first set of individuals provides weights for fewer than all the criteria in the set of criteria.
16. The method of claim 1, wherein one or more individuals in the second set of individuals provides evaluations for fewer than all the criteria in the set of criteria.
17. The method of claim 1, wherein each of the individuals in the second set of individuals provides an evaluation for each of the criteria.
18. The method of claim 1, wherein the method of claim 1 further comprises requiring a security identification of individuals in the first and second sets of individuals before accepting their respective inputs.
19. The method of claim 18, wherein the security identification comprises a password.
20. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
receiving in the computer system an additional set of weights sent to the computer system by a fifth set of individuals via the data network, the fifth set of individuals not including the first set of individuals, each weight indicating importance of a corresponding criterion from the set of criteria;
receiving, in the computer system via the data network, an additional set of evaluations sent to the computer system by a sixth set of individuals, each evaluation corresponding to possible attributes of a corresponding criterion; and
based on the set of evaluations, the additional set of evaluations, the set of weights and the additional set of weights, providing an additional relative analysis of the alternative choices
21. A system for distributed decision processing comprising:
a server coupled to a data network, the server receiving a set of alternative choices and a set of criteria by which the set of alternative choices may be evaluated;
a first set of client devices coupled to the data network, the first set of client devices transmitting to the server via the data network a set of weights provided by a first set of individuals, each weight indicating importance of a corresponding criterion from the set of criteria;
a second set of client devices coupled to the data network, the second set of client devices transmitting to the server via the data network a set of evaluations provided by a second set of individuals, each evaluation corresponding to possible attributes of a corresponding criteria;
wherein the server provides a relative analysis of the alternative choices based on the set of evaluations and the set of weights.
22. The system of claim 21, wherein the relative analysis of the alternative choices comprises ranking the alternatives based on a score derived from a weighted combination of the evaluations, the weighted combination of the evaluations being based on the weights.
23. The system of claim 21, wherein receiving, via the data network, comprises receiving, in the server, a datastream, in XML protocol, from the respective individual, the datastream being entered in a world wide web client application on the respective client device.
24. The system of claim 21, including requiring a security identification of individuals in the first and second sets of individuals before accepting their respective inputs.
25. The system of claim 24, wherein the security identification comprises a password.
26. A system for distributed decision processing comprising:
data processing means, coupled to a data network, the data processing means for receiving a set of alternative choices and a set of criteria by which the set of alternative choices may be evaluated;
a first set of interface means, coupled to the data network, the first set of interface means for transmitting to the data processing means via the data network a set of weights provided by a first set of individuals, each weight indicating importance of a corresponding criterion from the set of criteria;
a second set of interface means coupled to the data network, the second set of interface means for transmitting to the data processing means via the data network a set of evaluations provided by a second set of individuals, each evaluation corresponding to possible attributes of a corresponding criteria;
means, coupled to the data processing means, for providing a relative analysis of the alternative choices based on the set of evaluations and the set of weights.