What is claimed is:
1. A light-emitting material of the formula 1 for an organic EL device,
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wherein A is a substituted or non-substituted divalent aromatic group, a substituted or non-substituted divalent fused aromatic group (excluding a group of the formula 2 shown below), a substituted or non-substituted hetero-aromatic divalent group, a substituted or non-substituted divalent fused hetero-aromatic group or a divalent group (excluding a group of the formula 3 shown below) in which 2 to 10 identical or different groups out of the above groups are bonded to each other directly or through at least one of an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom, a sulfur atom, a linear structural unit having 1 to 20 carbon atoms and optionally containing a hetero-atom, or a non-aromatic ring structural unit, each of Ar1 to Ar4 is independently a substituted or non-substituted aromatic group or a substituted or non-substituted fused aromatic group, each of X1 to X4 is independently O, S, >CO, >SO2, (CxH2x)O(CyH2y) (in which each of x and y is an integer of 0 to 20, while xy 0 in no case), a substituted or non-substituted alkylidene group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or non-substituted alkylene group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms or a substituted or non-substituted divalent alicyclic residue, and each of R1 to R20 is independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a substituted or non-substituted alkyl group, a substituted or non-substituted alkoxy group, a substituted or non-substituted aromatic group, a substituted or non-substituted hetero-aromatic group or a substituted or non-substituted amino group (provided that adjacent groups of R1 to R5, R6 to R10, R11 to R15, or R16 to R20 may bond to each other to form a fresh ring),
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wherein E is a hydrogen atom or any adjacent two E’s may bond to each other to form a fresh six-membered ring,
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2. A light-emitting material of the formula 4 for an organic EL device,
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wherein A, X1 to X4 and R1 to R20 are as defined above.
3. A light-emitting material of the formula 5 for an organic EL device,
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wherein A and R1 to R20 are as defined above, and each of Y1 to Y8 is a substituted or non-substituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a substituted or non-substituted aromatic group having 6 to 16 carbon atoms (provided that groups of Y1 and Y2, Y3 and Y4, Y5 and Y6, or Y7 and Y8 may form a substituted or non-substituted alicyclic group having 5 to 7 carbon atoms.
4. An organic EL device comprising a light-emitting layer or a plurality of organic compound layers including the light-emitting layer and a pair of electrodes, the light-emitting layer or a plurality of the organic compound layers being sandwiched between a pair of the electrodes, wherein the light-emitting layer contains the light-emitting material recited in claim 1.
5. An organic EL device comprising a light-emitting layer or a plurality of organic compound layers including the light-emitting layer and a pair of electrodes, the light-emitting layer or a plurality of the organic compound layers being sandwiched between a pair of the electrodes, wherein the light-emitting layer contains the light-emitting material recited in claim 2.
6. An organic EL device comprising a light-emitting layer or a plurality of organic compound layers including the light-emitting layer and a pair of electrodes, the light-emitting layer or a plurality of the organic compound layers being sandwiched between a pair of the electrodes, wherein the light-emitting layer contains the light-emitting material recited in claim 3.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A method for searching and displaying search hits as a hierarchy of objects in a computed-based environment, the method comprising:
performing a search on the objects based on search criteria entered by a user;
identifying search hits based on the search performed on the objects, each search hit corresponding to an object matching the search criteria;
providing a display including a hierarchy of objects and indicating the search hits identified from the search to the user; and
providing a set of control buttons to permit the user to navigate the display and view the search hits.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the criteria entered by the user is entered through at least one of a search form and an input screen.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the hierarchy of objects and the search hits are displayed in separate areas of the display.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the search hits are displayed within the hierarchy of objects.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the search hits displayed within the hierarchy of objects are either marked, coded, or highlighted.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the hierarchy of objects includes nodes that can be expanded using the set of control buttons to display other objects that are included within the nodes.
7. The method of claim 1, further comprising displaying the search hits in a flat list.
8. A system for searching and displaying search hits as a hierarchy of objects in a computed-based environment, the system comprising:
means for performing a search on the objects based on search criteria;
means for identifying search hits based on the search performed on the objects, each search hit corresponding to an object matching the search criteria;
means for providing a display including a hierarchy of objects and indicating the search hits identified from the search to a user; and
means for providing a set of control buttons to permit the user to navigate the display and view the search hits.
9. The system of claim 8, wherein the criteria entered by the user is entered through at least one of a search form and an input screen.
10. The system of claim 8, wherein the hierarchy of objects and the search hits are displayed in separate areas of the display.
11. The system of claim 8, wherein the search hits are displayed within the hierarchy of objects.
12. The system of claim 11, wherein the search hits displayed within the hierarchy of objects are either marked, coded, or highlighted.
13. The system of claim 11, wherein the hierarchy of objects includes nodes that can be expanded using the set of control buttons to display other objects that are included within the nodes.
14. The system of claim 8, wherein the hierarchy of objects includes nodes that can be expanded using the set of control buttons to display the search hits that are included within the nodes.
15. A computer program product including instructions for execution by a processor for performing a method for searching and displaying search hits as a hierarchy of objects, the method comprising:
performing a search on the objects based on search criteria;
identifying search hits based on the search performed on the objects, each search hit corresponding to an object matching the search criteria;
providing a display including a hierarchy of objects and indicating the search hits identified from the search to a user; and
providing a set of control buttons to permit the user to navigate the display and view the search hits.
16. The computer program product of claim 15, wherein the criteria entered by the user is entered through at least one of a search form and an input screen.
17. The computer program product of claim 15, wherein the hierarchy of objects and the search hits are displayed in separate areas of the display.
18. The computer program product of claim 15, wherein the search hits are displayed within the hierarchy of objects.
19. The computer program product of claim 18, wherein the search hits displayed within the hierarchy of objects are either marked, coded, or highlighted.
20. The computer program product of claim 15, wherein the hierarchy of objects includes nodes that can be expanded using the set of control buttons to display other objects that are included within the nodes.
21. The computer program product of claim 15, wherein the method further comprises displaying the search hits in a flat list.