1. A display device, comprising:
a display element having a display function; and
a functional element having a function different from that of the display element; wherein:
the functional element is laminated on the display element so as to be confined in a planar area of the display element; and
the display element includes a thin film substrate;
the thin film substrate has provided directly thereon:
a circuit block of a display system that is arranged to process an externally inputted video signal so as to drive the display section and that includes a plurality of transistors arranged in an array to control corresponding pixels of the display element; and
a circuit block of a separate system that is arranged to process a signal regarding the functional element; and
the circuit block of the separate system receives and sends the signal through a flexible printed circuit board which is connected to the thin film substrate and which enables connection to an external device.
2. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the circuit block of the separate system on the display element, and the functional element to be laminated on the display element, are connected through (i) a first printed circuit board, which is said printed circuit board for connecting the display element to the external device, and (ii) a second flexible printed circuit board, a first end of which is connected to the functional element and a second end of which is connected to a middle portion of the first printed circuit board.
3. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the printed circuit board for connecting the display element to the external device inputs the video signal into the display element.
4. The display device according to claim 1, wherein:
a plurality or plural types of said functional element are provided, and
said thin film substrate is provided with a plurality or plural types of circuit blocks of separate systems corresponding to the plurality or plural types of said functional element.
5. The display device according to claim 1, wherein:
said functional element is either a sound source element for generating a sound corresponding to an audio signal or a sound collection element for collecting a voice so as to convert the voice into the audio signal, or
when the plurality or plural types of said functional element are provided, at least one of the plurality or plural types of said functional element is either the sound source element or the sound collection element.
6. The display device according to claim 1, wherein:
said functional element is a touch panel which is disposed on a side of a display surface of the display element and which outputs a signal corresponding to an input position of an operator, or
when the plurality or plural types of said functional element are provided, at least one of the plurality or plural types of said functional element is the touch panel.
7. The display device according to claim 1, wherein:
said functional element is an image-processing substrate which is disposed on a side of a back surface of the display element and which subjects the video signal to image processing based on an externally inputted control signal, or
when the plurality or plural types of said functional element are provided, at least one of the plurality or plural types of said functional element is the image-processing substrate.
8. The display device according to claim 1, wherein:
said functional element is a separate display element to be laminated on the display element, or
when the plurality or plural types of said functional element are provided, at least one of the plurality or plural types of said functional element is the separate display element.
9. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the thin film substrate has a thin film layer including a polycrystalline silicon thin film.
10. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the thin film substrate has a thin film layer including a continuous grain boundary silicon thin film.
11. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the display element performs display by using a liquid crystal.
12. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the display element performs display by using an EL layer.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A manual hydraulic pump comprising:
a housing having a closed end and an open end;
a shaft supported rotatably by the housing and extending on a common axis through the closed end of the housing;
a cylinder block supported rotatably in and by the housing;
the cylinder block coupled to the shaft coaxially therewith to turn therewith;
the cylinder block having cylinders formed therein at regular intervals around the common axis, the cylinders extending in parallel with the common axis, the cylinders each having an open end remote from the open end of the housing and a closed end adjacent to the open end of the housing;
the cylinder block further having an end surface adjacent to the open end of the housing;
the cylinder block further having oil passages each extending between the end surface and the closed end of one of the cylinders;
pumping pistons each engaging axially slidably with one of the cylinders and capable of creating hydraulic pressure when the shaft turns;
an end block closing the open end of the housing;
the end block and the end surface of the cylinder block defining an end space therebetween;
the end block having a pair of first cylindrical holes opening into the end space, the first cylindrical holes being opposite to each other diametrically of the common axis;
the end block further having a pair of inletoutlet ports each communicating with the outside of the pump and one of the first cylindrical holes;
a distributing valve put in the end space and spring-biased into compressive contact with the end surface of the cylinder block;
the distributing valve substantially taking the form of a disc and having a thickness smaller than the distance between the end block and the end surface of the cylinder block;
the distributing valve having a pair of arcuate ports formed on the side thereof adjacent to the cylinder block, the arcuate ports being opposite to each other diametrically of the axis of the valve, the arcuate ports being capable of communicating selectively with the oil passages of the cylinder block when the cylinder block turns;
the distributing valve further having a pair of second cylindrical holes formed on the other side thereof, the second cylindrical holes being opposite to each other diametrically of the axis of the valve, the second cylindrical holes each communicating with one of the arcuate ports;
a pair of pressing pistons each including a large-diameter cylindrical part and a small-diameter cylindrical part that is coaxial with and smaller in diameter than the large-diameter cylindrical part, the large-diameter cylindrical part engaging axially slidably with one of the first cylindrical holes, the small-diameter cylindrical part engaging axially slidably with one of the second cylindrical holes;
the pressing pistons each having an axial bore cut therethrough;
first O-rings each interposed between the large-diameter cylindrical part of one of the pressing pistons and the end block; and
second O-rings each interposed between the small-diameter cylindrical part of one of the pressing pistons and the distributing valve.
2. The manual hydraulic pump of claim 1 wherein each of the pumping pistons has a spherical head and a neck that are remote from the closed end of the associated cylinder, the pump further comprising:
a thrust bearing fitted in the housing and near the closed end of the housing;
the thrust bearing surrounding the shaft and inclined with respect to the common axis;
a sleeve surrounding the shaft between the thrust bearing and the cylinder block rotatably with and slidably along the shaft;
a piston retainer surrounding the sleeve and engaging therewith slidably in all directions;
the piston retainer engaging with the necks of the pumping pistons; and
a coil spring surrounding the shaft between the sleeve and the cylinder block so as to bias the pumping pistons toward the thrust bearing, thereby keeping the spherical heads of the pumping pistons in compressive contact with the bearing.