1. A process for removing by-products from a N-vinylamide-rich product mixture, which comprises extracting the crude N-vinylamide with an organic solvent as the extractant.
2. The process according to claim 1, wherein the N-vinylamide comprises cyclic N-vinylamides (vinyllactams) or noncyclic N-vinylamides of the formula
in which R1 and R2 are each independently a hydrogen atom or a C1 to C10 alkyl group.
3. The process claim 1, wherein the noncyclic N-vinylamides of the formula I comprise N-vinylformamide, wherein (R1 and R2=H, or N-vinyl-N-methylacetamide, and VIMA, R1 and R2=methyl.
4. The process according to claim 1, wherein the cyclic N-vinylamide is N-vinylpiperidone, N-vinyl-caprolactam or N-vinylpyrrolidone or derivatives thereof.
5. The process according to claim 1, wherein the N-vinylamide is N-vinylpyrrolidone.
6. The process according to claim 1, wherein the crude N-vinylamide consists of the N-vinylamide to an extent of at least 50% by weight.
7. The process according to claim 1, wherein the crude N-vinylamide was obtained by a process comprising reacting starting materials with acetylene and optionally a subsequent workup.
8. The process according to claim 1, wherein the crude N-vinylamide is crude N-vinylpyrrolidone which was obtained by a process comprising reacting 2-pyrrolidone (gamma-butyrolactam) with acetylene and optionally a subsequent workup.
9. The process according to claim 1, wherein the extraction is preceded by distillation to remove the high boilers from the crude N-vinylamide.
10. The process according to claim 1, wherein the solvent is an aliphatic or cycloaliphatic solvent.
11. The process according to claim 1, wherein the extraction is effective with addition of water.
12. The process according to claim 1, wherein crude N-vinylpyrrolidone is extracted with methylcyclohexane with addition of water.
13. The process according to claim 1, wherein the extraction is performed within a temperature range from 20 to 100\xb0 C.
14. The process according to claim 1, wherein the extraction is performed continuously in one or more columns.
15. The process according to claim 1, wherein crude N-vinylpyrrolidone is extracted continuously with methylcyclohexane with addition of water in a column, water being supplied via a distributor in the upper part of the column, methylcyclohexane via a distributor in the lower part of the column and the crude N-vinylpyrrolidone in the middle part of the column.
16. The process according to claim 15, wherein a mixture of methylcyclohexane and removed by-products is withdrawn at the top of the column, and a mixture of purified crude N-vinylpyrrolidone and water at the bottom of the column.
17. The process according to claim 1, wherein the extraction removes fluorescent by-products from the crude N-vinylamide down to a content of less than 0.05 part by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of N-vinylpyrrolidone.
18. The process according to claim 1, wherein the cyclic N-vinylamide is at least one selected from the group consisting of N-vinylmethylpyrrolidone, N-vinyldimethylpyrrolidone and N-vinylethylpyrrolidone.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claims which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A system, comprising:
a player’s device constructed to:
communicate, to a SWig server, device information comprising GPS data;
receive, from an email or text server, an authorization message, the authorization message providing a notification to a player that the player’s device is in a real credit wagering jurisdiction;
communicate, to the SWig server, an authorization to commence a SWig session;
communicate, to the SWig server, updated device information comprising updated GPS data; and
receive, from the SWig server, an authorization revocation;
a geographical location server constructed to:
receive, from the SWig server, the device information;
determine a geographical location of the player’s device using the device information; and
communicate, to the SWig server, the geographical location of the player’s device; and
the SWig server connected to the player’s device and the geographical location server by a network, the SWig server constructed to:
receive, from the player’s device, the device information;
communicate, to the geographical location server, the device information;
receive, from the geographical location server, the geographical location of the player’s device;
determine if the geographical location of the player’s device is within a real credit wagering jurisdiction;
when the geographical location of the player’s device is within a real credit wagering jurisdiction, communicate, to the email or text server, the authorization message to be communicated to the player’s device;
receive, from the player’s device, the authorization to commence the SWig session;
initiate the SWig session wherein wagering is conducted using real credits;
receive, from the player’s device, the updated device information;
determine, based on the updated device information, if the player’s device has changed location; and
when the player’s device has changed location, revoke authorization of real credit wagering and communicate, to the player’s device the authorization revocation.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the player’s device is configured to initiate a non-SWig session with real credit wagering disabled or virtual currency wagering when authorization is revoked.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein access point information associated with the player’s device is used to confirm the geographical location of the player’s device.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein the SWig server is further constructed to attempt reauthorization of the player’s device.
5. The system of claim 1, wherein the player’s device is geo-fenced by wireless access points.
6. The system of claim 5, wherein real credit wagering is enabled within a geo-fenced area and real credit wagering is disabled outside the geo-fenced area.
7. The system of claim 1, wherein the player’s device is further configured to end the SWig session when the player’s device loses connectivity with the SWig server.
8. A system, comprising:
a player’s device constructed to:
communicate, to a SWig server, device information comprising GPS data;
receive, from an email or text server, an authorization message, the authorization message providing a notification to a player that the player’s device is in a jurisdiction that allows real credit wagering;
communicate, to the SWig server, an authorization to commence a SWig session;
communicate, to the SWig server, updated device information comprising updated GPS data; and
receive, from the SWig server, an authorization revocation; and
the SWig server connected to the player’s device and a geographical location server by a network, the SWig server constructed to:
receive, from the player’s device, the device information;
communicate, to the geographical location server, the device information;
receive, from the geographical location server, a geographical location of the player’s device;
determine if the geographical location of the player’s device is within a real credit wagering jurisdiction;
when the geographical location of the player’s device is within a real credit wagering jurisdiction, communicate, to the email or text server, the authorization message to be communicated to the player’s device;
receive, from the player’s device, the authorization to commence the SWig session;
initiate the SWig session wherein wagering is conducted using real credits;
receive, from the player’s device, the updated device information;
determine, based on the updated device information, if the player’s device has changed location; and
when the player’s device has changed location, revoke authorization of real credit wagering and communicate, to the player’s device the authorization revocation.
9. The system of claim 8, wherein the player’s device is configured to initiate a non-SWig session with real credit wagering disabled or virtual currency wagering when authorization is revoked.
10. The system of claim 8, wherein access point information associated with the player’s device is used to confirm the geographical location of the player’s device.
11. The system of claim 8, wherein the SWig server is further constructed to attempt reauthorization of the player’s device.
12. The system of claim 8, wherein the player’s device is geo-fenced by wireless access points and real credit wagering is enabled within a geo-fenced area and real credit wagering is disabled outside the geo-fenced area.
13. The system of claim 8, wherein the player’s device is further configured to end the SWig session when the player’s device loses connectivity with the SWig server.
14. A system, comprising:
a geographical location server constructed to:
receive, from a SWig server, the device information;
determine a geographical location of a player’s device using device information; and
communicate, to the SWig server, the geographical location of the player’s device; and
the SWig server connected to the player’s device and the geographical location server by a network, the SWig server constructed to:
receive, from the player’s device, the device information;
communicate, to the geographical location server, the device information;
receive, from the geographical location server, the geographical location of the player’s device;
determine if the geographical location of the player’s device is within a real credit wagering jurisdiction;
when the geographical location of the player’s device is within a real credit wagering jurisdiction, communicate, to an email or text server, an authorization message to be communicated to the player’s device;
receive, from the player’s device, an authorization to commence the SWig session;
initiate the SWig session wherein wagering is conducted using real credits;
receive, from the player’s device, updated device information;
determine, based on the updated device information, if the player’s device has changed location; and
when the player’s device has changed location, revoke authorization of real credit wagering and communicate, to the player’s device, authorization revocation.
15. The system of claim 14, wherein the player’s device is configured to initiate a non-SWig session with real credit wagering disabled or virtual currency wagering when authorization is revoked.
16. The system of claim 14, wherein access point information associated with the player’s device is used to confirm the geographical location of the player’s device.
17. The system of claim 14, wherein the SWig server is further constructed to attempt reauthorization of the player’s device.
18. The system of claim 14, wherein the player’s device is geo-fenced by wireless access points.
19. The system of claim 18, wherein real credit wagering is enabled within a geo-fenced area and real credit wagering is disabled outside the geo-fenced area.
20. The system of claim 14, wherein the player’s device is further configured to end the SWig session when the player’s device loses connectivity with the SWig server.