1. An R-T-Q rare earth permanent magnet containing an R2T14Q phase (R is a rare earth element, T is a transition metal element, and Q is at least one element selected from the group consisting of B, C, N, Al, Si, and P) as a main phase, wherein
the rare earth element contains at least one kind of element RL selected from the group consisting of Nd and Pr, and at least one kind of element RH selected from the group consisting of Dy, Tb, and Ho, and
the element RH accounts for 10 at % or more of the total of the contained rare earth element, and a mole fraction of the element RH included in the R2T14Q phase is larger than a mole fraction of the element RH in the total of the contained rare earth the element.
2. The R-T-Q rare earth magnet of claim 1, wherein the mole fraction of the element RH included in the R2T14Q phase is larger than 1.1 times of the mole fraction of the element RH in the total of the contained rare earth element.
3. The R-T-Q rare earth magnet of claim 1 or 2, wherein
the rare earth element R is 11 at % or more and 17 at % or less of the total,
the transition metal element T is 75 at % or more and 84 at % or less of the total, and
the element Q is 5 at % or more and 8 at % or less of the total.
4. The R-T-Q rare earth magnet of any on of claims 1 to 3, further containing at least one additive element M selected from the group consisting of Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Zr, Nb, Mo, In, Sn, Hf, Ta, W, and Pb.
5. A material alloy for an R-T-Q rare earth permanent magnet containing an R2T14Q phase (R is a rare earth element, T is a transition metal element, and Q is at least one element selected from the group consisting of B, C, N, Al, Si, and P) as a main phase, wherein
the rare earth element contains at least one kind of element RL selected from the group consisting of Nd and Pr, and at least one kind of element RH selected from the group consisting of Dy, Tb, and Ho,
the R2T14Q phase is a needle-like crystal having a size in a short axis direction of not less than 3 m nor more than 10 p m, and a size in a long axis direction of not less than 10 m nor more than 300 m, and
the element RH accounts for 10 at % or more of the total of the contained rare earth element, and a concentration of the element RH in the R2T14Q phase is higher than a concentration of the element RH in phases other than the R2T14Q phase.
6. A production method of a material alloy for an R-T-Q rare earth magnet comprising:
a step of preparing a molten alloy of an R-T-Q rare earth alloy (R is a rare earth element, T is a transition metal element, and Q is at least one element selected from the group consisting of B, C, N, Al, Si, and P), the rare earth element R containing at least one kind of element RL selected from the group consisting of Nd and Pr, and at least one kind of element RH selected from the group consisting of Dy, Tb, and Ho;
a cooling step of rapidly solidifying the molten alloy, thereby producing a rapidly solidified alloy; and
a thermal treatment step of holding the rapidly solidified alloy in a temperature range of 400 C. or higher and lower than 800 C. for a period of not shorter than 5 minutes nor longer than 12 hours.
7. The production method of the material alloy for the R-T-Q based rare earth magnet of claim 6, wherein the cooling step including a step of cooling the molten alloy by using a rotating cooling roll.
8. The production method of the material alloy for the R-T-Q rare earth magnet of claim 7, wherein the cooling step is performed by a strip casting method.
9. The production method of the material alloy for the R-T-Q rare earth magnet of any one of claims 6 and 7, wherein the cooling step includes a step of cooling the molten alloy at a cooling speed of not lower than 101 C.sec. nor higher than 104 C.sec.
10. A production method of material alloy powder for an R-T-Q rare earth magnet comprising the steps of:
embrittling a material alloy for the R-T-Q based rare earth magnet produced by the production method of claims 6 to 9 by a hydrogen decrepitation method; and
pulverizing the embrittled material alloy for the R-T-Q based rare earth magnet.
11. The production method of the material alloy powder for the R-T-Q rare earth magnet of claim 10, wherein in the step of pulverizing the R-T-Q rare earth magnet, fine pulverization of the R-T-Q rare earth magnet is performed by using a high-speed flow of an inert gas.
12. The production method of the material alloy powder for the R-T-Q rare earth magnet of claim 11, wherein a predetermined amount of oxygen is introduced in the inert gas.
13. The production method of the material alloy powder for the R-T-Q rare earth magnet of claim 12, wherein a concentration of the oxygen is adjusted to be 1 vol. % or less.
14. A production method of a sintered magnet comprising the steps of:
producing a compaction of the material alloy powder for the R-T-Q rare earth magnet produced by the production method of any one of claims 10 to 13; and
sintering the compaction.
15. The production method of the sintered magnet of claim 14, wherein the material alloy powder for the R-T-Q rare earth magnet is constituted by a plurality of kinds of material alloy powders including different contents of rare earth element R.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A power strip, comprising:
a power rail having a power bus capable of distributing up to three phase AC power and a communications bus including a plurality of power bus conductors and a plurality of communications bus conductors recessed in an longitudinally extending chassis that run through the chassis along the length of the chassis, the power bus including a hot conductor for each of the three phases (L1, L2, L3), a neutral conductor and a ground conductor;
a power entry module received on the power rail, the power entry module having a power inlet to which a source of power can be coupled, a plurality of power entry module power bus terminals that mate with the power bus conductors of the power rail and a plurality of power entry module communications bus terminals that mate with the communications bus conductors of the power rail;
a plurality of receptacle modules receivable on the power rail, each receptacle module including a plurality of receptacle module power terminals that mate with the power bus conductors of the power rail, each receptacle module having data communications capability having a plurality of receptacle module communications bus terminals that mate with the communications bus conductors of the power rail, each receptacle module having a plurality of plug receptacles, each receptacle module mounted on the power rail distributing AC power from the power rail to its plug receptacles;
the receptacle modules selectable from receptacle modules having a plurality of different characteristics;
the power entry module including a communications module that conducts a discovery process when a receptacle module having data communication capability is mounted on the power rail, the communication module querying that receptacle module via the communications bus to determine whether that receptacle module had a unique identifier assigned to it and if not, assigns a unique identifier to that receptacle module that the communications module sends to the receptacle module via the communications bus and that the receptacle module stores in a memory of the receptacle module, the communications module via the communications bus retrieving from that receptacle module information indicative of the characteristics of that receptacle module and a location of that receptacle module on the power rail that the communications module stores in a memory of the communications module, the communications module maintaining in memory of the communications module an inventory of each receptacle module mounted on the power rail to which the communication module assigned a unique identifier that includes the information indicative of the characteristics of each such receptacle module and its location on the power rail.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the communication module makes the information in its inventory of receptacle modules accessible to a display module coupled to the communications module.
3. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein the display module has selectable views for displaying information about power utilization of the power strip, about each receptacle module having monitoring capability that is mounted on the power rail of the power strip and about each plug receptacle of each such receptacle module that also has plug receptacle monitoring capability.
4. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the communications module makes the information in its inventory of receptacle modules accessible to a remote system to which the communications module is coupled via a network.
5. The apparatus of claim 4 wherein the network is the Internet.
6. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein each receptacle module having data communications capability has a display that displays numeric information, each receptacle module assigned a unique identifier displaying on its display its assigned unique identifier.
7. The apparatus of claim 6 wherein the display includes a portion that indicates whether a receptacle module having been assigned a unique identifier has been discovered by the communications module.
8. The apparatus of claim 7 wherein the display is a seven segment LED display having a decimal point, the decimal point comprising the portion that indicates whether the receptacle module has been discovered by the communications module, the receptacle module illuminating the decimal point of the display to indicate that the receptacle module has not been discovered by the communications module.
9. The apparatus of claim 8 wherein a receptacle module mounted on the power rail that has not been assigned a unique identifier flashes the segments of its display in a sequence.
10. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the power rail includes a resistive element that runs through the chassis along the length of the chassis, a DC power supply of the power entry module providing DC power to the resistive element through a terminal that mates with the resistive element; the receptacle module including a voltage sensing circuit coupled through a terminal that mates to the resistive element at a point spaced from a point where the power entry module provides the DC voltage to the resistive element, the receptacle module including a monitorcontrol circuit that generates information indicative of a position of the receptacle module on the power rail based on a DC voltage of the resistive element sensed by the voltage sensing circuit.
11. The apparatus of claim 10 wherein the monitorcontrol circuit of the receptacle module sends the information indicative of the location of the receptacle module on the power rail to the power entry module via the communications bus.
12. The apparatus of claim 11 wherein the communications module of the power entry module receives the information indicative of the location of the receptacle module on the power rail and determines the location of the receptacle module on the power rail based on this information.
13. The apparatus of claim 12 wherein the information indicative of the location of the receptacle module on the power rail is a digitized voltage generated by the monitorcontrol circuit by digitizing the voltage sensed by the voltage sensing circuit wherein the digitized voltage is proportional to the location of the receptacle module on the power rail.
14. The apparatus of claim 10 wherein the resistance of the resistive element continuously increases along the length of the resistive element starting from an end of the resistive element closest to the power entry module.
15. The apparatus of claim 14 wherein the resistive element is a carbon plated conductor.
16. The apparatus of claim 10 wherein the resistive element includes a segmented conductor having a plurality of conductors with ends of adjacent conductors bridged by a resistor.
17. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the power entry module communications bus terminals include a communications bus power terminal, the communications bus terminals of each of the receptacle modules having data communications capability including data and power terminals, each receptacle module having data communications capability including a receptacle module DC power supply having an output coupled to that receptacle, module communications bus power terminal to provide DC power to the communications bus of the power rail that is provided to the communications module of the power entry module to provide a source of secondary DC power to the communications module.
18. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the power inlet has a hot terminal for each of the three phases (L1, L2, L3), a neutral terminal and a ground terminal, the power entry module including a monitorcontrol circuit that based on the presence or absence of a voltage on the neutral terminal of the power inlet and based on voltage differences between at least two of the phases at the hot terminals of the power inlet, determines a type of power service provided to the power inlet and based thereon sets the type of power service that the power entry module is distributing to the power bus of the power rail.
19. The apparatus of claim 18 wherein:
if a difference between an L1 voltage and an L2 voltage is not greater than 120 volts, the monitorcontrol circuit of the power entry module determines the power service is 1-pole, 3-wire;
if the difference between the L1 voltage and L2 voltage is greater than 120 volts and a difference between an L3 voltage and the L1 voltage is not greater than 120 volts, the monitorcontrol circuit of the power entry module determines the power service is 2-pole, 3-wire;
if the differences between the L1 and L2 voltages and the L3 and L1 voltages are both greater than 120 volts and a neutral voltage is not present, the monitorcontrol circuit of the power entry module determines the power service is 3-pole, 4-wire; and
if the differences between the L1 and L2 voltages and the L3 and L1 voltages are both greater than 120 volts and a neutral voltage is present, the monitorcontrol circuit of the power entry module determines the power service is 3-pole, 5-wire.
20. The apparatus of claim 1 including a plurality of receptacle modules mounted on the power rail that distribute AC power to their plug receptacles through relays, each receptacle module including a monitorcontrol circuit that is remotely programmable via commands sent over the communications bus to the receptacle module to set a power-up delay for each of the plug receptacles wherein a power-up sequence of the plug receptacles of the plurality of receptacle modules is established by programming power-up delays for each of the plug receptacles of each of the plurality of receptacle modules.
21. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the receptacle module distributes AC power to its plug receptacles through relays.
22. The apparatus of claim 21 including a plurality of the receptacle modules mounted on the power rail.
23. The apparatus of claim 1 including a plurality of the receptacle modules mounted on the power rail.
24. The apparatus of claim 23 wherein each receptacle module distributes one of single phase AC power or polyphase AC power to its plug receptacles.
25. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the receptacle modules are selectable from receptacle modules having a plurality of different power configurations, each receptacle module having a color code that indicates its power configuration, each of the plurality of different power configurations having a unique color code.
26. The apparatus of claim 25 wherein each receptacle module includes a second color code that indicates a region for which the receptacle module is configured, each region having a unique color code.
27. The apparatus of claim 26 wherein each receptacle module includes a label having the first and second color codes, wherein a background color of the label has the color of the second color code and a section of the label includes the first color code.
28. The apparatus of claim 27 wherein the section of the label having the first color code includes text identifying the power configuration and background having the color of the first color code.
29. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the receptacle modules include a receptacle module having a circuit breaker, that receptacle module distributing AC power from the power rail through the circuit breaker to that receptacle module’s plug receptacles, that receptacle module having a monitorcontrol circuit and a voltage sensing circuit coupled thereto that senses voltage on a hot output terminal of the circuit breaker, the monitorcontrol circuit determining that the circuit breaker is open when the voltage on that hot output terminal of the circuit breaker is less than a reference voltage and energizes a display to indicate that the circuit breaker is open.
30. The apparatus of claim 29 wherein the monitorcontrol circuit of the receptacle module having the display flashes the display when it energizes the display.
31. The apparatus of claim 30 wherein the display is a seven segment LED display.
32. A power strip, comprising:
a power rail having a power bus capable of distributing up to three phase AC power and a communications bus including a plurality of power bus conductors and a plurality of communications bus conductors recessed in an longitudinally extending chassis that run through the chassis along the length of the chassis, the power bus including a hot conductor for each of the three phases (L1, L2, L3), a neutral conductor and a ground conductor;
a power entry module received on a module mounting side of the power rail, the power entry module having a power inlet to which a source of power can be coupled, the power inlet having a hot terminal for each of the three phases (L1, L2, L3), a neutral terminal and a ground terminal, a plurality power entry module power bus terminals that mate with the power bus conductors of the power rail and a plurality of power entry module communications bus terminals that mate with the communications bus conductors of the power rail, the power entry module including a monitorcontrol circuit that based on the presence or absence of a voltage on the neutral terminal of the power inlet and based on voltage differences between at least two of the phases at the hot terminals of the power inlet, determines a type of power service provided to the power inlet and based thereon sets the power service that the power entry module is distributing to the power bus of the power rail;
at least one receptacle module received on the power rail, the receptacle module including a plurality of receptacle module power terminals that mate with the power bus conductors of the power rail, the receptacle module having a plurality of plug receptacles, the receptacle module distributing AC power from the power rail to the receptacle modules plug receptacles.
33. The apparatus of claim 32 wherein:
if a difference between an L1 voltage and an L2 voltage is not greater than 120 volts, the monitorcontrol circuit determines the power service is 1-pole, 3-wire;
if the difference between the L1 voltage and L2 voltage is greater than 120 volts and a difference between an L3 voltage and the L1 voltage is not greater than 120 volts, the monitorcontrol circuit determines the power service is 2-pole, 3-wire;
if the differences between the L1 and L2 voltages and the L3 and L1 voltages are both greater than 120 volts and a neutral voltage is not present, the monitorcontrol circuit determines the power service is 3-pole, 4-wire; and
if the differences between the L1 and L2 voltages and the L3 and L1 voltages are both greater than 120 volts and a neutral voltage is present, the monitorcontrol circuit determines the power service is 3-pole, 5-wire.
34. The apparatus of claim 32 wherein the receptacle module distributes AC power to its plug receptacles through relays.
35. The apparatus of claim 32 including a plurality of the receptacle modules mounted on the power rail.
36. The apparatus of claim 35 wherein each receptacle module distributes one of single phase AC power or polyphase AC power.