1. A method of obtaining valid systolic blood pressure of a patient with hardened arteries by a blood pressure measuring device capable of generating and controlling a pulse amplitude profile from a rising cuff pressure, comprising:
a) generating a pulse amplitude profile beginning with zero at the diastolic blood pressure, rising to a peak level then falling toward zero at the systolic blood pressure,
b) extending said falling profile to zero amplitude, thereby identifying said systolic blood pressure as the cuff pressure existing at said zero pulse amplitude.
2. The method of claim 1 in which said extending of said profile to zero is performed by extrapolation.
3. The method of claim 1 in which said systolic blood pressure is determined by visual observation of said falling profile on a monitor.
4. The method of claim 1 in which said pulse amplitude profile is stored in memory for later examination.
5. The method of claim 1 in which said rising cuff pressure varies as directed by a selected inflation program.
6. The method of claim 5 in which said pressure inflation program includes a cuff pressure increasing uniformly at a selected rate.
7. The method of claim 5 in which said rising cuff pressure rises at a non uniform rate.
8. The method of claim 5 in which said pressure inflation program includes a stepped cuff pressure.
9. The method of claim 8 in which a step of said stepped cuff pressure may be held at constant pressure for a selected number of pulses, to determine the blood pressure of a patient with arrhythmia.
10. The method of claim 1 in which a display of said pulse amplitude profile includes secondary pulses above the systolic pressure as a selectable option.
11. The method of claim 1 in which said extending of said profile to zero includes preventing secondary pulses from affecting the determination of the systolic blood pressure.
12. A method of determining the valid systolic blood pressure of patient with hardened arteries that produce secondary pulses above the systolic blood pressure, by preventing said secondary pulses from masking said valid systolic blood pressure as defined by the cuff pressure existing at a zero level of a patient’s pulse amplitude profile.
13. A method of determining the valid diastolic and systolic blood pressure of a patient with arteries that produce secondary pulses at and above the true systolic blood pressure, by preventing said secondary pulses from masking the zero pulse amplitude position of a falling pulse amplitude profile, at the systolic end of said falling profile.
14. A method of determining the valid diastolic and systolic blood pressure of a patient by preventing secondary pulses, when present, from affecting the validity of said diastolic and systolic blood pressure.
15. The method of claim 1 in which a display of said pulse amplitude profile excludes secondary pulses above the systolic pressure as a selectable option.
16. A blood pressure measuring system comprising:
means for generating a pulse amplitude profile using a non linear rising cuff pressure to achieve a uniform profile by positioning each pulse at the cuff pressure recorded, on a linear cuff pressure scale, thus positioning each pulse to form a uniform pulse amplitude profile.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
We claim:
1. A method of controlling the position of an optical pick-up unit over an optical media, comprising:
calculating a control signal in response to digitized optical signals received from the optical pick-up unit;
detecting periodic variations in the control signal;
forming a new control signal by adding the periodic variations into the control signal; and
controlling a position of the optical pick-up unit in response to the new control signal.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the position is in a tracking direction, the tracking direction being in a plane parallel with the optical media.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the position is in a focus direction, the focus direction being normal to a plane of the optical media.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein calculating the control signal includes
calculating an error signal in response to the digitized optical signals;
amplifying and offsetting the error signal to form an amplified error signal; and
filtering the amplified error signal to form the control signal.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein periodic variations in the control signal are removed from the control signal by forming the new control signal.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the periodic variations have a frequency equal to harmonics of a rotation rate of the optical media.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein detecting periodic variations in the control signal includes
mixing the control signal with sin(t) to form a sin signal;
mixing the control signal with cos(cot) to form a cosine signal;
accumulating the sin signal over a number of cycles to form an accumulated sin signal;
accumulating the cosine signal over the number of cycles to form an accumulated cosine signal;
integrating the accumulated sin signal to form a sine coefficient; and
integrating the accumulated cosine signal to form a cosine coefficient.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the number of cycles is an integer number of periods corresponding to the frequency co.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein the frequency c is a harmonic of the rotational frequency of the optical media.
10. The method of claim 7, wherein accumulating the sin signal includes
delaying for a delay period;
zeroing an integrator; and
integrating the sin signal over the number of cycles to form the accumulated sin signal.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein integrating the accumulated sin signal includes
delaying for a time equal to the delay period plus the number of cycles; and
adding the accumulated sin signal to previously acquired accumulated sin signals to form the sine coefficient.
12. The method of claim 7, wherein accumulating the cosine signal includes
delaying for a delay period;
zeroing an integrator; and
integrating the cosine signal over the number of cycles to form the accumulated cosine signal.
13. The method of claim 12, wherein integrating the accumulated cosine signal includes
delaying for a time equal to the delay period plus the number of cycles; and
adding the accumulated cosine signal to previously acquired accumulated cosine signals to form the cosine coefficients.
14. The method of claim 7, further including forming the periodic variations by multiplying the sine coefficients by sin(t) and multiplying the cosine coefficients by cos(t).
15. A servo system, comprising:
an optical pick-up unit;
an analog processor coupled to receive signals from detectors in the optical pickup unit and provide digital signals;
at least one processor coupled to receive the digital signals, the processor calculating a control signal; and
a driver coupled to control the position of the optical pick-up unit in response to the control signal,
wherein the at least one processor executes an algorithm that
calculates a control signal in response to the digital signals,
detects periodic variations in the control signal, forms a new control signal by adding the periodic variations into the control signal, and
substitutes the new control signal for the control signal so that the driver responds to the new control signal.
16. The system of claim 15, wherein the position is in a tracking direction, the tracking direction being in a plane parallel with an optical media over which the optical pick-up unit moves.
17. The system of claim 15, wherein the position is in a focus direction, the focus direction being normal to a plane of the optical media over which the optical pick-up unit moves.
18. The system of claim 15, wherein calculating the control signal includes
calculating an error signal in response to the digitized optical signals;
amplifying and offsetting the error signal to form an amplified error signal; and
filtering the amplified error signal to form the control signal.
19. The system of claim 15, wherein periodic variations in the control signal are removed from the control signal by forming the new control signal.
20. The system of claim 15, wherein the at least one processor detects the periodic variations by executing an algorithm that
mixes the control signal with sin(t) to form a sin signal;
mixes the control signal with cos(t) to form a cosine signal;
accumulates the sin signal over a number of cycles to form an accumulated sin signal;
accumulates the cosine signal over the number of cycles to form an accumulated cosine signal;
integrates the accumulated sin signal to form a sine coefficient;
integrates the accumulated cosine signal to form a cosine coefficient; and
forms the periodic by multiplying the sine coefficient by sint and adding the cosine coefficient multiplied by cost.
21. A servo system, comprising:
means for calculating a control signal;
means for detecting periodic variations in the control signal; and
means for forming a new control signal with the periodic variations.