1. A system comprising:
a security server configured to:
receive an encoded message or a representation of the encoded message from a creator through a first social networking website;
receive an access request to access the encoded message or the representation of the encoded message from a viewer through a second social networking website, wherein the viewer has a first identity with the first social networking website and a second identity with the second social networking website;
determine whether the viewer is authorized to access the encoded message or a representation of the encoded message; and
provide, if the viewer is authorized, a decoded message or a representation of the decoded message to the viewer through the second social networking website.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the access request is received at the security server in response to the viewer receiving a notification that an encoded message is accessible.
3. The system of claim 2, wherein the received notification is associated with the first social networking website andor the second social networking website.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein the determining comprises verifying the viewer’s credentials associated with at least one of the first networking website and the second networking website.
5. The system of claim 1, wherein the access request includes the viewer’s credentials associated with at least one of the first networking website and the second networking website.
6. The system of claim 1, wherein the decoded message can be text, image files, audiovisual files, or a link.
7. A method for facilitating secure communications through a social networking website, the method comprising:
receiving an encoded message or a representation of the encoded message from a creator through a first social networking website;
receiving an access request to access the encoded message or the representation of the encoded message from a viewer through a second social networking website, wherein the viewer has a first identity with the first social networking website and a second identity with the second social networking website;
determining whether the viewer is authorized to access the encoded message or a representation of the encoded message; and
providing, if the viewer is authorized, a decoded message or a representation of the decoded message to the viewer through the second social networking website.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the access request is received at the security server in response to the viewer receiving a notification that an encoded message is accessible.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the received notification is associated with the first social networking website andor the second social networking website.
10. The method of claim 7, wherein the determining comprises verifying the viewer’s credentials associated with at least one of the first networking website and the second networking website.
11. The method of claim 7, wherein the access request includes the viewer’s credentials associated with at least one of the first networking website and the second networking website.
12. The method of claim 7, wherein the decoded message can be text, image files, audiovisual files, or a link.
13. A non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising instructions that, when executed, causes a security server to perform a method for facilitating secure communications through a social networking website, the method comprising:
receiving an encoded message or a representation of the encoded message from a creator through a first social networking website;
receiving an access request to access the encoded message or the representation of the encoded message from a viewer through a second social networking website, wherein the viewer has a first identity with the first social networking website and a second identity with the second social networking website;
determining whether the viewer is authorized to access the encoded message or a representation of the encoded message; and
providing, if the viewer is authorized, a decoded message or a representation of the decoded message to the viewer through the second social networking website.
14. The computer-readable medium of claim 13, wherein the access request is received at the security server in response to the viewer receiving a notification that an encoded message is accessible.
15. The computer-readable medium of claim 14, wherein the received notification is associated with the first social networking website andor the second social networking website.
16. The computer-readable medium of claim 13, wherein the determining comprises verifying the viewer’s credentials associated with at least one of the first networking website and the second networking website.
17. The computer-readable medium of claim 13, wherein the access request includes the viewer’s credentials associated with at least one of the first networking website and the second networking website.
18. The computer-readable medium of claim 13, wherein the decoded message can be text, image files, audiovisual files, or a link.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
What is claimed is:
1. A process for the preparation of a compound of formula (II) by reacting a compound of formula (I) with an alkyl, cycloalkyl, or arylboronic acid.
2. A process for the purification of lovastatin by a process wherein the compound of formula II is recovered from solution, the hemiboronate is removed and lovastatin is recovered.
3. The process of claim 1 further comprising reacting a compound of formula (II) with a methyl halide, CH3X, in which X is a leaving group, in the presence of an alkali metal salt of a secondary amine to produce a compound of formula (III).
4. The process of claim 3 further comprising reacting a compound of formula (III) with a diol or a polyol reagent to produce a compound of formula (IV).
5. The process of claim 4 wherein the reaction of a compound of formula (III) with the diol or polyol reagent is selected from the group of processes comprising one of the following processes:
(i) heating (III) with a diol or a polyol as solvent
(ii) heating (III) with a stoichiometric amount of a diol or a polyol in an organic solvent
(iii) diluting (III) in a mixture of water and organic solvent
(iv) circulating a solution of (III) over a supported diol or polyol stationary phase
6. A compound of formula (II) where R is selected from alkyl of 1-6 carbons, cycloalkyl of 3-7 carbons, substituted or unsubstituted, or aryl optionally substituted by 1-4 substituents of halogen or lower alkyl in any combination.
8
7. A compound of formula (III) where R is selected from alkyl of 1-6 carbons, cycloalkyl of 3-7 carbons, substituted or unsubstituted, or aryl optionally substituted by 1-4 substituents of halogen or lower alkyl in any combination.
9
8. A process for manufacturing simvastatin comprising reacting lovastatin (I) with an organic boronic acid RB(OH)2 to produce a derivative of lovastatin (II) with a hemiboronate group attached to the C-4 carbon of the pyranyl group, methylating the 2-methylbutyryloxy group of (II) to form the 2,2-dimethylbutyryloxy group of (III) and thereafter removing the hemiboronate group to produce simvastatin (IV).
9. The process for the manufacture of simvastatin by the following steps:
10
10. The process of claim 8 or 9 further comprising the step of recovering simvastatin.
11. The process of producing compound (III) from compound (II) by metallation and methylation.
12. The process of claim 11 wherein the methylation comprises reacting (II) in the presence of (1) MR1R2N where M is selected from lithium, sodium and potassium and R1, R2 are selected from: R1R2methyl; R1R2isopropyl; R1R2cyclohexyl; R1R2(CH3)3 Si; R1R2cyclo-(CH2)4
and (2) CH3X wherein X is selected from chlorine, bromine, and iodine.
13. The process of claim 12 further comprising producing simvastatin by removing the hemiboronate group from the compound of formula (III) and thereafter recovering simvastatin.
14. A process of hemiboronating a compound containing a -hydroxylactone group (with available lactone -hydrogens) and also an aliphatic ester side-chain (with available -hydrogens), the process comprising reacting such compound with an organic boronic acid of the formula RB(OH) 2.
15. The process of claim 14 wherein the resultant product of claim 14 is subjected to an enolate alkylation reaction at the otherwise normally less-acidic -position of the aliphatic ester side-chain.
16. The process of claim 15 further comprising deboronating the compound of claim 15.
17. The process of claim 16 further comprising recovering the compound of claim 16.
18. The process of claims 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, or 17 wherein the R group is alkyl, cycloalkyl, or aryl, wherein the alkyl group contains from 1-6 carbon atoms, the cycloalkyl group contains from 3-7 carbon atoms, and the aryl group is optionally substituted by 1-4 substituents of halogen or lower alkyl in any combination.
19. The process of claim 15 wherein the enolate alkylation is methylation and wherein the methylation comprises reacting (II) in the presence of (1) MR1R2N where M is selected from lithium, sodium and potassium and R1, R2 are selected from: R1R2methyl; R1R2isopropyl; R1R2cyclohexyl; R1R2(CH3)3Si; R1R2cyclo-(CH2)4
and (2) CH3X wherein X is selected from chlorine, bromine, and iodine.
20. The compound of the following structural formula:
11
in which the bonds a-b and c-d are optionally single or double bonds; n1 to 4; R is an alkyl group of 1-6 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group of 3-7 carbon atoms, or an aryl group optionally substituted by 1-4 substituents of halogen or lower alkyl in any combination; RI is selected from hydrogen, alkyl of 1-6 carbons, cycloalkyl of 3-7 carbon atoms, OH, ORIV (RIV is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl); RII is selected from hydrogen, alkyl of 1-6 carbons, cycloalkyl of 3-7 carbon atoms; RIII is selected from hydrogen, alkyl of 1-6 carbons, cycloalkyl of 3-7 carbon atoms.
21. The process of claim 9 wherein the hemiboronate group emanates from the compound RB(OH)2 wherein the R is selected from substituted and unsubstituted aryl and alkyl groups.
22. The process of claim 21 wherein R is unsubstituted phenyl.
23. The process of claim 9 or 22 wherein the hemiboronate is removed using a diol or a polyol.
24. The process of producing simvastatin as follows:
12
25. The process of producing
13
by insertion of a hemiboronate group into
14
26. The process of methylating the 2-methylbutyryloxy group of compound II
15
to produce
16
27. The process of removing the hemiboronate from
17
to produce
18
28. The process of claim 25 wherein the hemiboronate group emanates from the compound RB(OH)2 wherein R is selected from substituted and unsubstituted aryl and alkyl groups.
29. The process of claim 28 wherein R is unsubstituted phenyl.
30. The process of claim 27 wherein the hemiboronate is removed by using a diol or a polyol.