We claim:
1. A method of initializing a secure communications link between a first data processing system and a second data processing system using a first token comprising a first key and associated first request data, the method of initializing a secure communication link comprising:
generating at said first system a first message comprising said first token and first authentication data generated by operating on at least one of said first key and said first request data with a secret key of said first system;
encrypting said first message using a key known to both said first and said second data processing systems to form an encrypted first message; and
sending said encrypted first message from said first system to said second system to initialize said secure communications link.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:
receiving at said first data processing system from a previous data processing system a previous encrypted message comprising a previous token and previous authentication data, said previous token comprising a previous key and associated previous request data, said previous authentication data comprising data generated by operating on at least one of said previous key and said previous request data with a secret key of said previous system;
decrypting said previous encrypted message using a key known to both said first and said previous data processing systems; and
including said previous token and said previous authentication data in said first message.
3. A method as claimed in claim 2 further comprising:
verifying said previous authentication data; and
wherein said sending of said first encrypted message is dependent upon a result of said verifying.
4. A method as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:
establishing a secure communications link between said first and second data processing systems using said first key.
5. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said encrypting comprises encrypting using an asymmetric cryptographic algorithm.
6. A method as claimed in claims 1, wherein said encrypting comprises using a symmetric cryptographic algorithm.
7. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said first token has associated lifetime data.
8. A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein said sending further comprises sending an unencrypted identifier for the recipient.
9. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said sending her comprises sending timestamp andor or nonce data.
10. A method of initializing a secure communications chain between first, second and third data processing systems, the method comprising initializing a secure communications link between first and second data processing systems, using a first token comprising a first key and associated first request data, and comprising:
generating at said first system a first message comprising said first token and first authentication data generated by operating on at least one of said first key and said first request data with a secret key of said first system;
encrypting said first message using a key known to both said first and said second data processing systems to form an encrypted first message; and
sending said encrypted first message from said first system to said second system to initialize said secure communications link,
the method of initializing a secure communications chain between first, second and third data processing systems further comprising:
decrypting, at said second system, said encrypted first message;
generating at said second system, a second message comprising said first token and said first authentication data, and a second token and second authentication data, said second token comprising a second key and associated second request data, said second authentication data comprising data generated by operating on at least one of said second key and said second request data with a secret key of said second system;
encrypting said second message using a key known at least to both said second and third data processing systems; and
sending said encrypted second message from said second system to said third system.
11. A method as claimed in claim 10, wherein said encrypting comprises encrypting using an asymmetric cryptographic algorithm.
12. A method as claimed in claims 10, wherein said encrypting comprises using a symmetric cryptographic algorithm.
13. A method as claimed in claim 10, wherein said first token and said second token, has associated lifetime data.
14. A method as claimed in claim 10 wherein said sending further comprises sending an unencrypted identifier for the recipient.
15. A method as claimed in claim 10, wherein said sending filcher comprises sending timestamp andor or nonce data.
16. A method of initializing a secure chain of communication for a chain of data processing systems, the chain comprising a start data processing system and an end data processing system linked via one or more intermediate data processing systems, the method comprising:
initializing successive links of the chain by successive applications of a method of initializing a secure communications link between a first data processing system and a second data processing system using a first token comprising a first key and associated first request data, the method of initialising a secure communication link comprising:
generating at said first system a first message comprising said first token and first authentication data generated by operating on at least one of said first key and said first request data with a secret key of said first system;
encrypting said first message using a key known to both said first and said second data processing systems to form an encrypted first message; and
sending said encrypted first message from said first system to said second system to initialize said secure communications link.
17. A method as claimed in claim 16, wherein the encrypted message sent in each successive application of the method of initializing a secure communication link to a secure communication to a link includes tokens and authentication data for all previous data processing systems in the chain up to the link.
18. A method as claimed in claim 16, wherein said encrypting comprises encrypting using an asymmetric cryptographic algorithm.
19. A method as claimed in claims 16, wherein said encrypting comprises using a symmetric cryptographic algorithm.
20. A method as claimed in claim 1, comprising operating on both said first key and said first request data with a secret key of said first system.
21. A method as claimed in claim 1, comprising encrypting said first message using a public key of said second data processing system.
22. A method of establishing a chain of secure communication links between a plurality of data processing machines such that the identify of each successive data processing machine making up the chain is confirmable, the method comprising performing, at each successive data processing machine in the chain after a first machine, the steps of:
receiving from a previous data processing machine in the chain an encrypted message comprising authentication data and a delegation token including a delegation key;
decrypting said encrypted message;
adding to the decrypted message a delegation token and authentication data for said successive data processing machine to form an extended message;
encrypting said extended message; and
forwarding said encrypted extended message to the next machine in the chain;
until an end machine of the chain is reached, whereby said chain of secure communication links is established.
23. A method as claimed in claim 22, wherein each said delegation token includes a delegation key, the method further comprising sending data back from said end machine to a first machine of the chain, said data being encrypted using the delegation key of said first machine.
24. A method as claimed in claim 23, wherein said sending sends said data over the chain from said end machine to said first machine.
25. A method as claimed in claim 22, wherein each said delegation token includes request data for a request associated with the delegation key of the said token.
26. A method as claimed in 22, further comprising generating said authentication data at each successive machine by performing a cryptographic operation on said delegation token.
27. A method as claimed in any one of claims 1, 10, 16 or 22, wherein a said data processing system or machine comprises a mobile terminal of a wireless mobile communications system.
28. Processor control code to, when running, perform the method of claim 1 or the method steps of claim 22.
29. A carrier carrying processor control code to, when running, perform the method of claim 1 or the method steps of claim 22.
30. A data processing system or machine configured to perform the method of claim 1 or the method steps of claim 22.
31. A plurality of data processors configured to operate in accordance with the method of any one of claims 1, 10 and 22.
32. Data processing apparatus comprising:
a data memory operable to store data to be processed;
an instruction memory storing processor implementable instructions; and
a processor coupled to the data memory and to the instruction memory and operable to process data in accordance with the instructions, the instructions comprising instructions for controlling the processor to:
generate a message comprising a token and authentication data, the token comprising a key and associated request data, the authentication data being generated by operating on at least one of said key and said request data with a secret key of the data processing apparatus;
encrypt said message using a key known to a second data processor to form an encrypted message; and
send said encrypted message to said second data processor to initialize a secure communications link between said data processing apparatus and said second data processor.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A film donor device for use in laser induced thermal imaging, the device comprising:
a substrate;
a transferable film layer configured to transfer a portion thereof upon application of a sufficient amount of heat thereto, the transferable film layer comprising an organic material; and
a magnetic layer comprising a magnet;
wherein the magnetic layer is interposed between the substrate and the transferable film layer, or the substrate is interposed between the magnetic layer and the transferable film layer.
2. The device of claim 1, wherein the magnetic layer is overlapping with a substantially entire portion of the transferable film layer.
3. The device of claim 1, wherein the magnet comprises an electromagnet, a permanent magnet or both of the foregoing.
4. The device of claim 1, wherein the magnet comprises an electromagnet, and wherein the device further comprises an electrode electrically connected to the electromagnet and configured to be connected to an external power source.
5. The device of claim 1, wherein the magnet comprises a permanent magnet selected from the group consisting of alnico magnet, ferrite magnet, rare-earth magnet, rubber magnet and plastic magnet.
6. The device of claim 1, wherein the magnet comprises one or more forms selected from the group consisting of plates, chips, rods, and particles.
7. The device of claim 1, further comprising a light-to-heat conversion layer configured to generate heat upon applying light of a predetermined wavelength thereto, the light-to-heat conversion layer being interposed between the substrate and transferable film layer.
8. The device of claim 7, wherein the magnetic layer is interposed between the substrate and the light-to-heat conversion layer.
9. The device of claim 7, wherein the magnetic layer is interposed between the light-to-heat conversion layer and the transferable film layer.
10. The device of claim 1, wherein the substrate is interposed between the magnetic layer and the transferable film layer while the magnetic layer is further interposed between the substrate and a material of the substrate as if the magnetic layer is incorporated in the substrate.
11. The device of claim 1, wherein the magnetic layer further comprises a light-to-heat conversion material configured to generate heat upon applying light of a predetermined wavelength thereto.
12. The device of claim 1, wherein the magnet is in an amount sufficient to generate a magnetic field from about 5 mG (gauss) to about 50 mG (gauss).
13. A film donor device for use in laser induced thermal imaging, the device comprising:
a substrate;
a transferable film layer configured to transfer a portion thereof upon application of a sufficient amount of heat thereto, the transferable film layer comprising an organic material;
a light-to-heat conversion layer configured to generate heat upon applying light of a predetermined wavelength thereto, the light-to-heat conversion layer being interposed between the substrate and the transferable film layer; and
a magnetic layer comprising a magnetically attractable material, wherein the magnetically attractable material is substantially regularly or substantially uniformly arranged throughout the magnetic layer;
wherein the magnetic layer is interposed between the substrate and the transferable film layer, or the substrate is interposed between the magnetic layer and the transferable film layer.
14. The device of claim 13, wherein the magnetically attractable material comprises one or more forms selected from the group consisting of plates, chips, rods, and particles.
15. The device of claim 13, wherein the magnetic layer is interposed between the substrate and the light-to-heat conversion layer.
16. The device of claim 13, wherein the magnetic layer is interposed between the light-to-heat conversion layer and the transferable film layer.
17. The device of claim 13, wherein the magnetic layer comprises the magnetically attractable material in an amount sufficient for the device to move when the device is placed in a magnetic field from about 5 mG (gauss) to about 50 mG (gauss).
18. The device of claim 13, wherein the magnetically attractable material comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of Fe, Ni, Cr, Fe2O3, Fe3O4, CoFe2O4, MnFeO4, and alloys of two or more of the foregoing.
19. The device of claim 13, wherein the magnetic layer is overlapping with a substantially entire portion of the organic material layer.
20. A method of making an electronic device, comprising:
providing a receiving apparatus comprising an intermediate product and a supporting device, the receiving apparatus comprising a magnetic layer, the intermediate product comprising a receiving surface, the supporting device being configured to support the intermediate product, the magnetic layer of the receiving apparatus comprises a magnet or a magnetically attractable material;
providing the film donor device of claim 1; and
arranging the film donor device such that the transferable film layer faces the receiving surface and that the magnetic layers of the receiving apparatus and the film donor device attract each other, whereby the transferable film layer contacts the surface substantially free of bubbles therebetween.
21. The method of claim 20, further comprising irradiating a laser beam onto at least a portion of the film donor device and transferring at least a portion of the transferable film layer onto the surface.
22. The method of claim 20, wherein the intermediate product comprises the magnetic layer.
23. The method of claim 20, wherein the supporting device comprises the magnetic layer.
24. The method of claim 20, wherein the method is performed in a substantially vacuum atmosphere.
25. The method of claim 20, wherein the electronic device comprises an organic light emitting display.